Hisao Maeda

Ichangensin glucoside in citrus junos, citrus sudachi and citrus sphaerocarpa

Abstract Ichangensin 17-β- d -glucopyranoside, a new limonoid glucoside, was isolated from seeds of Yuzu (Citrus junos). This glucoside was also present in seeds of Sudachi (Citrus sudachi) and Kabosu (Citrus sphaerocarpa). The 17-β- d -glucopyranosides of deacetylnomilin, nomilin, nomilinic acid, obacunone, limonin and deacetylnomilinic acid were also present in seeds of these species of citrus. Like Sudachi and Yuzu, Kabosu also contained ichangensin aglycone. The presence of ichangensin and ichangensin glucoside supports the previous suggestions that these species are related to Ichang Chie (Citrus ichangensis).

Studies on chemical and technological aspects of celery (Apium graveolens Linn) seed.

In order to utilize Satsuma mandarin peel residue effectively, which contains many useful compounds, the method of extraction and recovery of hesperidin from dried Satsuma mandarin peel residue was studied. The results obtained were as follows; (1) The hesperidin content in a extracted solution was the highest, when the residue was extracted for 30 min with stirring at 20~40°C. (2) The optimum pH for crystallization of hesperidin from the extracted solution was around 5.0. And the recovery became much higher by heating the solution adjusted to pH 5.O in the range of 70~90°C. (3) Therecovery yields were remarkably influenced by the quantity of added water to the residue. The best result was obtained by adding 800ml of water to 100g of the sample. In this condition, the recovery and purity of hesperidin was 27.3% and 93.7%, respectively. (4) To recover hesperidin effectively, it is necessary to adjust the hesperidin content in the extracted solution to approximately 500mg/100ml. Also, a higher yield (53.0%) was obtained by recycling the secondary extracted solution after concentration. (Received Nov. 20, 1989)

Limonoid Glucosides in Juices of Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.)

(1992). Limonoid Glucosides in Juices of Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Bioscience, Biotechnology, and Biochemistry: Vol. 56, No. 5, pp. 836-837.

Limonoid glucosides in Tetradium rutaecarpa

Abstract Limonin 17-β- d -glucopyranoside, limonin diosphenol 17-β- d -glucopyranoside and 6β-hydroxy-5-epilimonin 17-β- d -glucopyranoside were isolated from Tetradium rutaecarpa fruit tissues. The limonoid aglycones were identified by 1 H and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Limonin, rutaevin and limonin diosphenol were also isolated.

Quality of Hesperidin Removed Satsuma Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Juice

搾汁直後の温州ミカン果汁中のヘスペリジンを合成吸着剤で吸着除去した果汁の品質について調べ,次の結果を得た。(1) ヘスペリジン含量75mg区のびん詰製品は製造直後からヘスペリジンが急速に不溶化し,50mg区,25mg区を含め可溶性ヘスペリジンが10mg以下でほぼ平衡となった。(2) びん詰製品上澄部のパルプは,不溶化したヘスペリジンと結合して沈降し,0.2%程度でほぼ平衡となった。(3) 25mg区,50mg区の製品は,びん壁にフロックが付着したが,75mg区はフロックが急速に沈降した。除去区はフロックの形成が全く認められなかった。(4) 製品上澄部のパルプの粒度分布は,時間の経過と共に2μ以下に片寄ったが,除去区は1～10μの広い範囲に分散した。(5) 製品上澄部の果汁成分は,20℃, 20日間の貯蔵で対照区に比べ除去区のパルプ含量が約5倍,カロチノイドが約2.5倍,濁度が約4倍も高い値を示し,精油が製造直後の65%も保持された。

Antioxidative Components of Various Citrus Essential Oils Recovered from the Waste of the In-Line Juice Extractor

The physical and chemical properties, evaporated residue, carotenoid content and total tocopherol of essential oils of Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.), Natsudaidai (C. natsudaidai Hayata), Kabosu (C. sphaerocarpa Hort.), Valencia orange (C. sinensis Osbeck), Marsh grapefruit (C. paradisi Macfad), Ruby Red grapefruit (C. paradisi Macfad) and Temple orange (C. temple Hort.) were examined. No remarkable differences in specific gravity and refractive index were found among the citrus oils. Satsuma mandarin oil showed the highest value in the amount of the evaporated residue, carotenoid and tocopherol among the examined samples. Citrus oils showed strong antioxidative activity due to the presence of carotenoid and tocopherol determined by TLC as total tocopherol. (Received May 8, 1978)