Hsien-Wen Wan

Perfecting the Al2O3/In0.53Ga0.47As interfacial electronic structure in pushing metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistor device limits using in-situ atomic-layer-deposition

We performed interfacial electric and electronic studies of both in-situ and ex-situ atomic-layer deposited (ALD) Al2O3 films on InGaAs. Self-aligned inversion-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect-transistors (MOSFETs) with a 1 μm gate length (Lg) from the in-situ sample have extrinsic drain currents (Id) of 1.8 mA/μm, transconductances (Gm) of 0.98 mS/μm, and an effective mobility (μeff) of 1250 cm2/V s. MOSFETs that employ ex-situ ALD-Al2O3 have an Id of 0.56 mA/μm, Gm of 0.28 mS/μm, and μeff of 410 cm2/V s. Synchrotron radiation photoemission reveals no AsOx residue at the Al2O3/InGaAs interface using the in-situ approach, whereas some AsOx residue is detected using the ex-situ method.

Surface electronic structure of epi germanium (001)-2 × 1

Photoemission from an epi Ge(001)-2 × 1 surface is presented using synchrotron radiation as a probe. The topmost surface atoms are buckled with the up-dimer and down-dimer atoms exhibiting surface core-level shifts (SCLSs) of −0.492 and −0.178 eV, respectively. The subsurface layer shows a +0.083 eV SCLS. The final-state effect suffices to explain the sign of the shift. The electron affinity and ionization potential for the epi Ge surface are 4.36 and 5.09 eV, respectively. An argument contrasting the current results with those of existing reports with non-epi surfaces is also given. Non-epi surfaces possess Ge surfaces with isolated single atoms or small droplets that affect Ges contact with dielectric layers and the electric performances of the Ge metal–oxide–semiconductor structure.

Atomic Nature of the Growth Mechanism of Atomic Layer Deposited High-κ Y2O3 on GaAs(001)-4 × 6 Based on in Situ Synchrotron Radiation Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Y2O3 was in situ deposited on a freshly grown molecular beam epitaxy GaAs(001)-4 × 6 surface by atomic layer deposition (ALD). In situ synchrotron radiation photoemission was used to study the mechanism of the tris(ethylcyclopentadienyl)yttrium [Y(CpEt)3] and H2O process. The exponential attenuation of Ga 3d photoelectrons confirmed the laminar growth of ALD-Y2O3. In the embryo stage of the first ALD half-cycle with only Y(CpEt)3, the precursors reside on the faulted As atoms and undergo a charge transfer to the bonded As atoms. The subsequent ALD half-cycle of H2O molecules removes the bonded As atoms, and the oxygen atoms bond with the underneath Ga atoms. The product of a line of Ga–O–Y bonds stabilizes the Y2O3 films on the GaAs substrate. The resulting coordinatively unsaturated Y–O pairs of Y2O3 open the next ALD series. The absence of Ga2O3, As2O3, and As2O5 states may play an important role in the attainment of low interfacial trap densities (Dit) of <1012 cm–2 eV–1 in our established reports.

Atomic layer deposited single-crystal hexagonal perovskite YAlO3 epitaxially on GaAs(111)A

Single-crystal hexagonal perovskite YAlO3 has been attained through postdeposition rapid thermal annealing with temperatures above 900 °C on nanolaminated atomic-layer-deposited Y2O3 (2.03 nm)/Al2O3 (1.08 nm) multilayers. The perovskite film is epitaxially grown on GaAs(111)A substrates. The crystallography of the heterostructure was studied utilizing synchrotron radiation x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The epitaxial relationship between YAlO3 and GaAs is YAlO3 ( 0001 ) [ 11 2 ¯ 0 ] ∥ GaAs ( 111 ) [ 10 1 ¯ ], as determined from the radial scan along the in-plane direction. The cross-sectional STEM image reveals that the crystalline YAlO3 is continuous and the XRD study detects no other crystalline phases.