Huaming Tao

Antituberculosis compounds from a deep-sea-derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO Ind09F01

Abstract Eleven diketopiperazine and fumiquinazoline alkaloids (1–11) together with a tetracyclic triterpenoid helvolic acid (12) were obtained from the cultures of a deep-sea derived fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO Ind09F01. The structures of these compounds (1–12) were determined mainly by the extensive NMR, ESIMS spectra data and by comparison with previously described compounds. Besides, anti-tuberculosis, cytotoxic, antibacterial, COX-2 inhibitory and antiviral activities of these compounds were evaluated. Gliotoxin (3), 12,13-dihydroxy-fumitremorgin C (11) and helvolic acid (12) exhibited very strong anti-tuberculosis activity towards Mycobacterium tuberculosis with the prominent MIC50 values of <0.03, 2.41 and 0.894 μM, respectively, which was here reported for the first time. Meanwhile gliotoxin also displayed significant selective cytotoxicities against K562, A549 and Huh-7 cell lines with the IC50 values of 0.191, 0.015 and 95.4 μM, respectively.

Two new alkaloids from marine sponge Callyspongia sp.

Two new alkaloids, callylactam A (1) and callyimine A (4), along with three known ones (2, 3 and 5), were isolated from the marine sponge Callyspongia sp. The structures were determined on the basis of NMR and MS analysis.

Xylaolide A, a new lactone from the fungus Xylariaceae sp. DPZ-SY43

Chemical investigation of the fungus Xylariaceae sp. DPZ-SY43 has led to the isolation of a new compound, xylaolide A (1) together with three known compounds (2–4). The structures were established by analysing the spectroscopic data. Compound 1 was evaluated for its cytotoxicity.

Isochromophilones A–F, Cytotoxic Chloroazaphilones from the Marine Mangrove Endophytic Fungus Diaporthe sp. SCSIO 41011

Six new highly oxygenated chloroazaphilone derivatives, isochromophilones A-F (1-6), were obtained from the mangrove-derived fungus Diaporthe sp. SCSIO 41011, together with six known analogues (7-12). The structures of 1-6 including absolute configurations were determined by detailed NMR, MS spectroscopic analyses, and electronic circular dichroism spectra. Compounds 1 and 2 represent the first reported azaphilones lacking a carbonyl group at C-6. Compound 8 exhibited cytotoxic activities against three renal carcinoma cell lines, ACHN, OS-RC-2, and 786-O cells, with IC50 values ranging from 3.0 to 4.4 μM, and 4 showed activity against 786-O cells with an IC50 of 8.9 μM. Further studies indicated that 4 induced apoptosis in 786-O cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner.

Asperpyrone-Type Bis-Naphtho-γ-Pyrones with COX-2–Inhibitory Activities from Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus niger

Bis-naphtho-γ-pyrones (BNPs) are an important group of aromatic polyketides derived from fungi, and asperpyrone-type BNPs are produced primarily by Aspergillus species. The fungal strain Aspergillus niger SCSIO Jcsw6F30, isolated from a marine alga, Sargassum sp., and identified according to its morphological traits and the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region sequence, was studied for BNPs secondary metabolisms. After HPLC/MS analysis of crude extract of the fermentation broth, 11 asperpyrone-type BNPs were obtained directly and quickly by chromatographic separation in the extract, and those isolated asperpyrone-type BNPs were structurally identified by NMR and MS analyses. All of the BNPs showed weak cytotoxicities against 10 human tumor cells (IC50 > 30 μM). However, three of them, aurasperone F (3), aurasperone C (6) and asperpyrone A (8), exhibited obvious COX-2–inhibitory activities, with the IC50 values being 11.1, 4.2, and 6.4 μM, respectively. This is the first time the COX-2–inhibitory activities of BNPs have been reported.

Xanthones and Quinolones Derivatives Produced by the Deep-Sea-Derived Fungus Penicillium sp. SCSIO Ind16F01

Chemical investigation of the fungus Penicillium sp. SCSIO Ind16F01 derived from deep-sea sediment sample afforded a new xanthone, 3,8-dihydroxy-2-methyl-9-oxoxanthene-4-carboxylic acid methyl ester (1) and a new chromone, coniochaetone J (2), together with three known xanthones, 8-hydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (3), 7,8-dihydroxy-6-methyl-9-oxo-9H-xanthene-1-carboxylic acid methyl ester (4), 1,6,8-trihydroxy-3-(hydroxymethyl)anthraquinone (5), three known chromones, coniochaetone B (6), citrinolactones B (7), epiremisporine B (8), and four reported rare class of N-methyl quinolone lactams: quinolactacins B (9), C1 (10), and C2 (11), and quinolonimide (12). The structures of new compounds were determined by analysis of the NMR and MS spectroscopic data. Those isolated compounds were evaluated for their antiviral (EV71 and H3N2) and cytotoxic activities.

The Fungal Metabolites with Potential Antiplasmodial Activity

Malaria caused by Plasmodium parasites is amongst many prevalent public health concerns in several tropical regions of the world. Nowadays, the parasite resistance patterns to most currently used drugs in therapy and insecticides have created an urgent need for new chemical entities exhibiting new modes of action and management strategies. Fungus has been proven to be an excellent source of biologically active compounds, which have been screened for antiplasmodial activity as potential sources of new antimalarial drugs. This review summarizes the current 255 natural products from fungus, which may possess antimalarial activity and can be classified as sesquiterpenes, diterpenes, sesterterpenes, alkaloids, peptides depsipeptides, xanthones, anthraquinones, anthrones, bioxanthracenes, bixanthones, preussomerins, depsidones, phenols, trichothecenes, azaphliones, macrolides, and steroids. However, the treatments available for malaria are limited. Thus, the identification of novel antimicrobial agents should be continued, and all possible strategies should be explored. Carrying forward the antimalarial screening in exited terrestrial and marine natural products library, and finding the new natural products in new resources, particularly those living in marine environments, are still important approaches to find new antimalarial agents. Unusual marine environments are associated with chemical diversity, leading to a resource of novel active substances for the development of bioactive products. Finding new antimalarial natural products in marine fungus, particularly those living in deep-sea and special marine environments, is an important approach to identify novel active agents.

Aspergone, a new chromanone derivative from fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO41002 derived of mangrove soil sample

Aspergone, a new chromanone derivative from fungus Aspergillus sp. SCSIO41002 derived of mangrove soil sample

Penixanthones A and B, two new xanthone derivatives from fungus Penicillium sp. SYFz-1 derived of mangrove soil sample

Abstract Two new xanthone derivatives, penixanthones A (1) and B (2), together with three known compounds, aspenicillide (3), 1,5-dihydroxy-3-methoxy-7-methyl-anthracene-9,10-dione (4) and 1,2-indandiol (5), were isolated from the ethyl acetate extract of a culture of the fungus Penicillium sp. SYFz-1, which was separated from a mangrove soil sample. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods including NMR and mass spectrometry. The absolute configurations of penixanthones A (1) and B (2) were determined on the basis of electronic circular dichroism (ECD) data analysis.

Isolation, Characterization, and Bioactivity Evaluation of Alkaloids from Soft Coral Sinularia kotanianensis

[Yang, Bin; Li, Xiubao; Lin, Xiuping; Zhou, Xuefeng; Liu, Yonghong] Chinese Acad Sci, Guangdong Key Lab Marine Mat Med, CAS Key Lab Trop Marine Bioresources & Ecol, Res Ctr Marine Microbes,South China Sea Inst Ocea, Guangzhou 510301, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Huang, Jingxia] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Zhongshan Ophthalm Ctr, Guangzhou 510060, Guangdong, Peoples R China; [Tao, Huaming] Southern Med Univ, Sch Tradit Chinese Med, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, Peoples R China