Hugo Marcelo Zunino

La urbanización de las áreas periféricas en Santiago y Valparaíso: el papel de las relaciones de poder en el dibujo de la geografía socioresidencial

This paper constitutes an effort to generate a more comprehensive view of the urban phenomenon; bringing together geography of the visible and what is inferable through the application of statistical procedures with the analysis of power and social relations that are intrinsic to any urban development process. The study area compromises 5 peripheral municipalities in relation to greater Valparaiso and 8 peripheral municipalities in relation to greater Santiago. Based on a on a theoretical framework that emphasizes concepts such as social rule, structured agent and power, we perform a multi-scalar analysis using primary and secondary sources. We conclude that there is a strong centralism in the urban decision making process, in particular in the social housing policy. The residents of social housing complexes appear not only marginalized in the socio-territorially, but also in the political sphere, in terms of a formal but not effective public participation.

Poblamiento y desarrollo de enclaves turísticos en la Norpatagonia chileno-argentina: migración y frontera en un espacio binacional

This work is aimed at offering a reading of the occupation of the nor-Patagonia region between the years 1980 and 2002. To advance a multidimensional and non-reductionist analysis of the process we consider both, historical processes as the social structure in place at both sides of the Andes Mountain Range; acknowledging that the temporal echoes and the social and political conjunctures defi ne – in important ways – the possibilities and restriction for the mobility of individuals. The results show that a strong migration of Chileans to Argentina took place even in the most algid moments of the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet; period in which labor migration and foremost that linked with political repression acquire relevance. During the

La relevancia de la confianza en conflictos socioambientales por energía en Chile: los casos de "Castilla" e "Hidroaysén"

Modern social dynamics are related to increasing hazards and risks, a situation that is crystalized in socio-environmental con fl icts that arise under dif...

Movilidad, utopías y lugares híbridos en Los Andes del sur de Chile

The southern Chilean Andes area and its social-cultural sphere have been affected by migrants who aspire to develop new lifestyles different from that of large cities. Encouraged by the dream of achieving a better life in relatively remote places, they bring utopian projects associated with creative practices. This paper analyzes three community-based initiatives developed by migrants, studies their aspirations, dreams and interests and explores how newcomers develop emotional attachment to their new spaces and create new relationships with local communities. It is argued that these interventions give rise to the emergence of “hybrid places” characterized by the generation of diversified simultaneous understandings. It concludes with a discussion about the importance of studying developed spaces created on the basis of understandings that transcend modern linear and material thinking, suggesting the possibility of creating new social and spatial dimensions different than those imposed by capital.

Las tecnologías socioculturales en los procesos de innovación de los migrantes de amenidad y por estilos de vida: El caso del destino turístico de Pucón, Chile

RESUMEN Muchos destinos de montana reciben el aporte de migrantes de diversas culturas que generan innovaciones. En general las investigaciones se centran en analizar las tecnologias sociales presentes en los procesos de innovacion desde la perspectiva del desarrollo economico, dejando de lado los beneficios sociales y culturales que ellas implican para sus comunidades. Este trabajo apunta a conocer las tecnologias socioculturales de los migrantes por estilo de vida en la ciudad de Pucon e indagar en que medida ellas, contribuyen a un proceso de innovacion sustentado en el intercambio cultural entre los migrantes y los habitantes de las comunidades receptoras. Para ello desplegamos un abordaje metodologico cualitativo e interpretativo sustentado en 12 entrevistas en profundidad realizadas a migrantes que recientemente se han asentado en la localidad y que han iniciado procesos de innovacion. Argumentamos que las tecnologias socioculturales de los migrantes por estilos de vida de Pucon estan basadas en cambiar a las personas que cambian las cosas, para asi comprender las formas que asumen los procesos de innovacion. ABSTRACT Many mountain destinations receive the contribution of migrants from diverse cultures that generate enterprises and innovations. In general the literature has focused on analyzing social technologies present in process of innovation from the perspective of economic development, leaving aside the social and cultural benefits they entail for their communities. The objective of this paper is to understand the sociocultural technologies of amenity and lifestyle migrants in Pucon and investigate to what extent they contribute to a sustained process of innovation in cultural exchanges between migrants and the inhabitants of the host communities. We deploy a qualitative and exploratory methodology based on 12 in-depth interviews conducted with 12 individuals recently settled in the area and that have initiate processes of innovation. We argue that the sociocultural technologies deployed by the lifestyle migrants show the relevance of considering the contextual mode to comprehend the forms that the process of innovation acquires. Keywords: Sociocultural technologies, amenity migration, lifestyle migration, Pucon.

DETERMINACIÓN DE LAS FUERZAS CONDUCTORAS DE LA TRANSFORMACIÓN AMBIENTAL DE LA ARAUCANÍA CHILENA: EL “PAISAJE CULTURAL” COMO MARCO DE ANÁLISIS

espanolEl articulo propone el concepto de paisaje cultural como una perspectiva holistica de analisis de procesos de transformacion del paisaje. Para ello se utilizo como caso de estudio el proceso de degradacion ambiental de la region de La Araucania (Chile). Se esclarecieron las motivaciones de las actuaciones en el territorio y sus fuerzas conductoras. Estas fuerzas se relacionan a objetivos economicos externos a la poblacion local y generaron una transformacion del paisaje impactando la forma de vida de sus habitantes, quebrando el acoplamiento estructural entre poblacion y paisaje, resultando en un paisaje cultural degradado ambientalmente. EnglishThe notion of cultural landscape was deployed to analyze transformation processes of rural landscapes. As a case study, environmental degradation processes in La Araucania (Chile) region were analyzed. The goals of actions over the territory and their driving forces were determined. These actions were related to economic motives external to local inhabitants and produced deep transformations of the landscape and impacted the way of life of its inhabitants, breaking down the structural coupling between population and landscape, resulting in an environmentally degraded cultural landscape.