Rodrigo Hidalgo

De los pequeños condominios a la ciudad vallada: las urbanizaciones cerradas y la nueva geografía social en Santiago de Chile (1990-2000)

Resumen es: A traves del estudio de la localizacion de las urbanizaciones cerradas en el Area Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile, se analiza el avance de estos conj...

From Polarization to Fragmentation. Recent Changes in Latin American Urbanization

In most Latin American cities the polarization between rich and poor quarters in the urban fabric (ciudad rica and ciudad pobre) is - although still visible - weakening. New rich quarters rising in formerly poor neighbourhoods seem to suggest that the texture of society is changing and that rich and poor are beginning to mix. Yet, on closer inspection, it immediately becomes obvious that socio-spatial segregation has become more pronounced. The millionaires in the hermetically closed off luxury quarters mostly do not care less about the social environment beyond the walls of their communities They are islands of the rich located within an ocean of poverty. Accordingly, Janoschka (2002a) called contemporary Buenos Aires a ‘City of islands’, and the islanders are the ones who have won. Indeed, they are ‘los que ganaron’, as Svampa (2001) has pointed out.

Los peruanos en Santiago de Chile: transformaciones urbanas y percepción de los inmigrantes

A partir de los anos 90, la informacion estadistica da cuenta de una masiva llegada de inmigrantes peruanos a la Region Metropolitana, concentrandose principalmente en las comunas de Santiago, Recoleta e Independencia. En este articulo se busca entender el efecto de los inmigrantes como factor de cambio en las areas centrales de la capital, desde las transformaciones socio-espaciales, las que modifican el territorio, como el comportamiento de la poblacion –evolucion y distribucion espacial-, y los cambios en la morfologia y estructura de este. Lo anterior tiene sentido sobre la base teorica de la Nueva Geografia de las Migraciones, la cual explica el problema migratorio en el contexto de la Globalizacion y como esta origina nuevos polos de atraccion para la localizacion de esta poblacion. Finalmente, se evaluan las condiciones de vida objetiva y percibida de los inmigrantes peruanos en cuanto a la calidad de vida y de satisfaccion residencial.Since the 1990s, statistic data shows a massive immigration of Peruvian to the Metropolitan Region of Santiago, allocating principally in municipalities of Santiago, Recoleta and Independencia. In this context, an assesmet is offered in regard to the effects of Peruvian immigrants as agents of change in the central area of Santiago, from socio-spatial transformations, that modify the territory, to the behavior of population -evolution and spatial distribution-, and changes urban morphology and structure. This process is read through the Theory of Geography of Migrations that explain migration processes in the context of globalization and how it generates new attraction sites for the allocation of the Polis, Revista de la Universidad Bolivariana, Volumen 8, No 22, 2009, p. 307-326 1 Los resultados de este trabajo son producto del Seminario de Grado “Caracteristicas socio-espaciales de los inmigrantes peruanos en las comunas de Santiago, Recoleta e Independencia. Region Metropolitana de Santiago”, presentado al Instituto de Geografia de la Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, como uno de los requisitos para optar al grado academico de Licenciado en Geografia. La investigacion conto con el apoyo del Laboratorio Urbano del mismo Instituto y del Proyecto Fondecyt 1095222. * Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Email: adtorres@geo.puc.cl ** Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile. Email: hidalgo@geo.puc.cl Polis, Revista de la Universidad Bolivariana, Volumen 8, No 22, 2009 308 population. Finally, the objective and perceived life conditions of Peruvian migrants in regard to quality of life and residential satisfaction are evaluated.

Vivienda social y espacio urbano en Santiago de Chile: Una mirada retrospectiva a la acción del Estado en las primeras décadas del Siglo XX

Chilean public housing begins in the last decade of the 19th century, when initiatives that tried to solve the problem of popular housing arose from philantrophy and catholic charity. The State gave an important step by promulgating the Workers Housing Law in 1906, which became the first law trying to approach that situation in an integral way. The Cheap Rooms Law and the Renting Law of 1925 are a consequence of the application of the 1906 legislation, as well as the social and political processes that Chile experienced during the first decades of the 20th Century. The territorial aspects that shaped those initiatives are analyzed, considering the localization of the main neighborhoods built around those actions in the city of Santiago, and the respective social and political debate accompanying this process.

Policentrismo en el Área Metropolitana de Santiago de Chile: reestructuración comercial, movilidad y tipificación de subcentros

El complejo proceso de evolucion de las areas metropolitanas ha reconfigurado las estructuras urbanas, pasando desde los modelos monocentricos a nuevos patrones basados en el paradigma del policentrismo. Se aborda esta problematica, para el Area Metropolitana de Santiago, por medio del analisis de datos de densidad comercial y precios de suelo, utilizando la aplicacion de modelos parametricos. Los resultados indican una evolucion hacia una estructura urbana policentrica comercial que aun coexiste con algunos rasgos de monocentrismo. Se identificaron diecinueve candidatos a subcentro comercial, los que fueron evaluados, clasificados y caracterizados mediante la utilizacion de variables complementarias a la densidad de superficie de uso comercial, como la movilidad. Adicionalmente se confirmo la validez del uso de la variable superficie comercial y se encontro en el modelo exponencial negativo la mejor formula de ajuste parametrico para la ciudad de Santiago.

Mountains and the Sea: An Analysis of the 2010 Real Estate and Retail Sectors in the Metropolitan Region of Valparaíso–Viña del Mar, Chile

Abstract Mountains and the sea are an ideal combination—not just for tourists but also for second homes and main homes of people who appreciate the amenities of both types of natural spaces. In the case of the Valparaíso–Viña del Mar agglomeration, the short distance to the Chilean capital, Santiago; access to a World Heritage Site (the city center of Valparaíso); and access to the leisure facilities of Chiles most attractive coastal spa (Viña del Mar) complement the amenities offered by nature. This paper provides information on the dynamic real estate market and the growth of the commercial sector in this agglomeration. It shows that high prices for domiciles with a sea view have led to new urban development farther inland. Thus mountain amenities are becoming more attractive to people moving to the Pacific Coast; however, the ongoing housing development can hardly be considered to correspond to the objectives of sustainable urban development.

Poblamiento y desarrollo de enclaves turísticos en la Norpatagonia chileno-argentina: migración y frontera en un espacio binacional

This work is aimed at offering a reading of the occupation of the nor-Patagonia region between the years 1980 and 2002. To advance a multidimensional and non-reductionist analysis of the process we consider both, historical processes as the social structure in place at both sides of the Andes Mountain Range; acknowledging that the temporal echoes and the social and political conjunctures defi ne – in important ways – the possibilities and restriction for the mobility of individuals. The results show that a strong migration of Chileans to Argentina took place even in the most algid moments of the dictatorship of Augusto Pinochet; period in which labor migration and foremost that linked with political repression acquire relevance. During the

Parcelas de agrado alrededor de Santiago y Valparaíso: ¿Migración por amenidad a la chilena?

The article analyzes the legal framework, distribution and spatial structure of amenity migration in mountain regions in Chile (Cordillera de la Costa, Cordillera de los Andes) and their trends in recent decades. Presents three case studies, two in mountainous regions and one in a semi-mountainous area. Based on qualitative data (interview with experts), and the relations between neighbors and the conflicts between immigrants and the traditional population. The article ends with an evaluation of the economic and social consequences of new parks or residential plots pleased calls up a batch of over 5,000 m 2 .

¿Utópolis o distópolis?: producción inmobiliaria y metropolización en el litoral central de Chile (1992-2012)

Urban sprawl has taken varied forms, functions, and structures in recent decades. The aim of this article is to analyze how production processes of utopolis became distopolis through negative socio-spatial effects in the central coast of Chile between 1992 and 2012. Two stages are identified in the process: an earlier expansion of the secondary housing and another one of building main housing with great spatial integration and a strong process of urban sprawl in the central urban macrozone of Chile.

¡Defendamos Díchato! Bienes comunes y conflicto territorial en los espacios litorales chilenos

espanolRESUMEN El Codigo Civil de la Republica de Chile establecio que los pescadores podian hacer uso de las playas del mar para sus labores de pesca, definiendo de este modo un espacio litoral de uso comun independiente de los propietarios aledanos que pronto se transformaria en un territorio de conflicto que se incrementaria en la medida que distintas actividades economicas se fueron superponiendo en estos espacios comunes. En este articulo presentamos algunos ejemplos historicos que reflejan como los pescadores utilizaron este derecho en defensa de sus intereses relevando, especialmente, el caso del borde costero de Dichato que poco antes de mediados del siglo XX fue el escenario de un conflicto que involucro al Estado, los propietarios, los pescadores y los veraneantes. EnglishABSTRACT The Civil Code of the Republic of Chile established that fishermen could make use of the sea beaches for their fishing activities, thereby defining a coastline space of independent common use for the neighboring owners, who would soon become a territory of conflict that would increase to the extent that different economic activities were superimposed on these common spaces. This paper presents some historical examples that reflect how fishermen used this right to defend their interests. Special atention is given to the case of the coastal edge of Dichato, shortly before it were the scene of a conflict involving the State, owners, fishermen and vacationers in the mid-twentieth century.