Huseyin Inceer

Genome size variation in some representatives of the genus Tripleurospermum

Genome size has been estimated by flow cytometry in 14 populations belonging to eight taxa (seven species, one of them with two varieties) of the genus Tripleurospermum. 2C nuclear DNA amounts range from 4.87 to 9.22 pg, and nuclear DNA amounts per basic chromosome set from 1.99 to 2.75 pg. Statistically significant differences depending on ploidy level, life cycle or environmental factors such as altitude have been found. Also, genome size is positively correlated with total karyotype length. The presence of rhizome is related to nuclear DNA content in these species.

GC-MS Analysis of Chloroform Extracts in Flowers, Stems, and Roots of Tripleurospermum callosum.

ABSTRACT The chemical composition of the chloroform extracts of flowers, stems, and roots of Tripleurospermum callosum. (Boiss. & Heldr) E. Hossain growing along the northeastern coast of Turkey was studied by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The GC-MS analyses of the chloroform extracts from air-dried parts of T. callosum. yielded the identification of 93 compounds. These compounds were separated into eight classes that were terpenes-terpenoids, hydrocarbons, alcohols, acids, oxygen-containing compounds, steroids, aromatics, and others. Major compounds were moretenol (11.71%) in flower oil: linoleic acid (16.18%), n.-hexadecanoic acid (17.88%), and 1-tricosene (13.41%) in stem oil: and n.-hexadecanoic acid (6.18%) in root oil. Similarity, of chloroform extracts in flowers, stems, and roots of T. callosum. were in the ratio of 13.77%, 45.99%, and 30.16%, respectively.

Fruit structure of 12 Turkish endemic Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. (Asteraceae) taxa and its taxonomic implications

This study concerns the evaluation of micromorphological and anatomical characters of fruit (achene-cypsela) in 12 Turkish endemic Tripleurospermum taxa using multivariate analyses (cluster analysis, principal component analysis, one-way analysis of variance). Pericarp in all taxa examined is mainly composed of several layers of parenchymatous and sclerenchymatous cells with one vascular bundle in each rib. In the achene, the thickness and width of lateral and adaxial ribs with presence or absence of a slime envelope have high taxonomic value for Tripleurospermum at interspecific levels. The slime envelope formation is also correlated with ploidy levels and habitats of some taxa in Tripleurospermum.

Chromosome counts of some Cirsium (Asteraceae, Cardueae) taxa from Turkey

Abstract Mitotic chromosome numbers are reported of 16 populations representing 12 taxa of the genus Cirsium Miller from Turkey. Six counts are new to science (C. pseudopersonata Boiss & Bal. subsp. pseudopersonata (2n=34), C. simplex subsp. armenum (DC.) Petrak (2n=34), C. munitum (Bieb.) Fischer (2n=32, 34), C. macrobotrys (C. Koch) Boiss. (2n=34), C. sommieri Petrak (2n=34), and C. trachylepis Boiss. (2n=34)). One count (C. ciliatum subsp. szovitsii (C. Koch) Petrak (2n=34) is not consistent with previous record. The remainder confirm the very limited previous data. All counts are reported here for the first time from Turkey.

Leaf anatomy as an additional taxonomy tool for 18 taxa of Matricaria L. and Tripleurospermum Sch. Bip. (Anthemideae-Asteraceae) in Turkey

This study concerns the evaluation of leaf anatomical characteristics of the closely related genera Matricaria (4 taxa) and Tripleurospermum (14 endemic taxa, 15 accessions) in Turkey using cluster analysis (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA). All taxa have the same basic leaf structure composed of lower and upper epidermis including anomocytic or anomocytic-anisocytic stomata, parenchymatic mesophyll, and vascular bundle. Statistically significant differences based on ploidy level have been found without generic delimitation. The differences mainly concern stomatal length and the relative size of the vascular bundle. These anatomical characters can be used to distinguish diploid from polyploid taxa of the genera.

Karyotype analysis of some Lathyrus L. taxa (Fabaceae) from north-eastern Anatolia

Abstract In the study, some Lathyrus L. taxa naturally growing in the northeastern Anatolia were investigated cytotaxonomically. Chromosome numbers and karyotypes of eight taxa were investigated by using karyological and numeric taxonomical techniques. The chromosome numbers of all these diploid taxa found as 2n= 14. The results were considered in conjunction with the karyological literature data.

Chromosome numbers of the twenty-two Turkish plant species

Abstract In this study, we report the chromosome counts of 22 plant species in seven families from north-east Anatolia, Turkey. The chromosome numbers of Centaurea hypoleuca DC (2n = 28), C. pecho Albow (2n = 56), C. pseudoreflexa Hayek (2n = 18) and Echinops sintenisii Fregn. (2n = 30) are reported here for the first time. New ploidy levels are recovered for Vinca major L. subsp. hirsuta (Boiss.) Stearn (9x), Centaurea simplicicaulis Boiss & Huet. (2x), C. solstitialis L. subsp. solstitialis (4x) and C. triumfetti All. (6x). The chromosome numbers of 13 species are here reported for the first time from Turkey. These newly available data are further compared with those previously published for the same or related species and the systematic implications are discussed.

Effects of the herbicide linuron on somatic chromosomes of Helianthus annuusL. (Sunflower)

Abstract In this study the effects of the herbicide linuron on somatic chromosomes of Helianthus annuus L were investigated. The roots were treated with 30, 120, 240 and 500 ppm concentration of linuron for 3, 6 and 12 hours. The mitotic and phase indexes were determined and chromosomal abnormalities were investigated in both control and test groups. It was found that linuron had a marked mitodepressive action on mitosis. The types of chromosomal abnormalities observed included: fragments, disturbed metaphase, c-mitosis, lagging chromosome, and chromatid bridge. A pronounced toxic effect is observed in concentrations 120 ppm and above its. It is considered that linuron may have genotoxic effects in higher plants.

Cytotaxonomic investigations on some taxa of the genus Vicia L. from north-eastern Anatolia

Abstract In this study, some natural Vicia L. species growing in north-eastern Anatolia were investigated cytotaxonomically. Chromosome numbers and morphologies of the 15 taxa belonging to the Vicia genus were studied by using karyological and numeric taxonomical techniques. Data obtained on chromosome measurements were analysed by using cluster analysis. The chromosome numbers of these taxa have been found as 2n = 10, 12, 14 and 24. The results were considered in conjuction with the literature and karyological analysis results.

Chromosome reports in some Cirsium (Asteraceae, Cardueae) taxa from north-east Anatolia

Abstract This paper comprises mitotic chromosome numbers of 37 accessions representing 24 taxa and 1 interspecific hybrid of Cirsium from north-east Anatolia. Twelve counts are new to science, and eighteen counts and one new ploidy level are reported for the first time from Turkey. Other counts are the confirmations of limited or unique previous data. In the present study, the chromosome numbers of the studied taxa are determined as 2n = 34, 36 and 68 respectively. Moreover, B chromosomes are reported in two taxa. The relevance of the results are also discussed in relation to the available data for each of the analysed taxa.