İbrahim Örüng

Effects of expanded perlite aggregate and mineral admixtures on the compressive strength of low-density concretes

Abstract This article investigates the compressive strength of concretes made up of mixtures of expanded perlite (EPA) and pumice aggregates (PA). To determine the effects of silica fume (SF) and class C fly ash (FA) on the compressive strength of these lightweight aggregate concrete (LWAC), SF and FA were added as replacement for cement by decreasing the cement weights in the ratios of 10%, 20%, and 30% by weight. The binder dosage was kept constant at 200 kg/m 3 throughout this study. Superplasticizer was used 1.5% by weight of Portland cement (PC) to reduce w/c ratios. The obtained results showed that: Unit weights of all groups decreased from 1154 to 735 kg/m 3 with the increase of EPA in the mixtures. Both SF and FA decreased unit weight of samples. The compressive strengths increased by 52%, 85%, 55% for 7-day samples, and 80%, 84%, 108% for 28-day samples due to 20%, 40%, and 60% of EPA (used in place of PA) added into the mixtures, respectively. In general, FA decreased 7- and 28-day compressive strength of all groups for all percentage of FA replacement for PC. SF decreased 7-day compressive strength with increasing expanded perlite ratio in the mixtures. With the increasing curing period, the reductions in compressive strength due to SF and FA decreased drastically.

Tokat-Niksar Yöresinde Yetiştirilen ve Yöredeki Tarımsal Yapılarda Yaygın Olarak Kullanılan Kavak Ağacının Önemli Fiziksel ve Mekanik Özellikleri

Wood materials are commonly used in structures because of its availability in everywhere, easiness in its processing, nice appearance, appropriate strength, weight ratio, etc. Appropriate used of wood materials in structures depend on the knowing of its properties. The properties of wood materials change with its variety and the conditions of region in which they are grown. Poplar trees have fast grown and low price. Therefore, they are widely grown in Tokat-Niksar area and used in farm structures. In this research, the log samples of poplar trees were randomly selected from wood shops to determine their physical and mechanical properties. The unit weight, shrinkage, expansion, compressive strength, tensile strength, bending strength, spliting strength and modulus of elasticity of the samples were experimentally determined. Turkish standards were followed to do necessary tests.

Doğal Hafif Agregaların Tarımsal Yapılarda Duvar ve Sıva Harcı Yapımında Kullanılma Olanakları / Usage Possibilities of Natural Lightweight Aggregates for Mortar and Plaster In Farm Buildings

OZET: Bu calismada, Dogu Anadolu Bolgesindeki ekonomik potansiyeli bulunan hafif agrega ocaklarindan saglanan dogal hafif agregayla uretilen harclarin bazi fiziksel ve mekanik ozelliklerinin belirlenerek tarimsal yapilarda kullanilabilirligi arastirilmistir. Calismada ozellikleri saptanan hafif agreganin cimento, kirec gibi baglayici malzemelerle farkli karisim oranlari secilerek, uygulamada kullanilabilecek degisik harc secenekleri olusturulmustur. Elde edilen hafif harclarin taze birim agirliklari, sertlesmis harc ozellikleri olarak 28 gunluk basinc dayanimi, islak birim agirlik, hava kuru birim agirlik, firin kuru birim agirlik ve su emme degerleri saptanmistir. Bulunan sonuclar, hafif agregayla uretilen harclarin, normal agregalarla uretilen harclardan daha dusuk birim agirliga sahip oldugunu gostermistir. Basinc dayanim degerleri ise standartlarda ongorulen degerlerden bir miktar dusuk cikmistir. Uretilen harclarin birim agirliginin az olmasinin, bunlarin siva harci olarak kullanimi ile isi yalitimi daha iyi yapilarin yapilabilecegi ve bunun ozellikle Dogu Anadolu Bolgesi gibi soguk iklime sahip yorelerde buyuk oneme sahip oldugu soylenebilir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Hafif Agrega, Harc, Siva, Usage Possibilities of Natural Lightweight Aggregates for Mortar and Plaster In Farm Buildings ABSTRACT: This research was carried out to determine some physical and mechanical properties of mortar and plaster produced with natural lightweight aggregates in Eastern Anatolian Region that has economical potential and to investigate usage possibilities especially in agricultural buildings. Aggregate tests were done in the related standards of lightweight aggregates and the aggregate properties were determined. Different alternatives used in this study were formed with the consideration that various lightweight aggregate mortar and plaster could be produced with certain properties. Unit weight of lightweight mortar and plaster were determined. As for hardened mortar and plaster properties, compressive strength of 28 days, wet unit weight, oven-dry unit weight and water absorption values for lightweight mortar and plaster were determined. The results obtained have shown that mortar and plaster produced with lightweight aggregates have low unit weight than that of normal aggregates. Compressive strength values have been found lower than the given values in standards. This plaster has low thermal conductivity. Key Words: Lightweight aggregate, Mortar, Plaster

Tokat İlinde Besi Sığırcılığının Yaygın Olarak Yapıldığı Kırsal Yerleşim Birimlerinin Sorunları ve Çözüm Olanakları Üzerine Bir Araştırma

As considering the climate and natural resources of Turkey, engineering services in agriculture are one of the important factors limiting optimum agricultural production. It is possible to get more economical benefit from these land and water researches and to use the agricultural products from these researches more efficiently by using of these engineering services covered by agricultural engineering studies. In this study, the rural settlement problems of villages in Tokat province where beef cattle fanning is devoloping, and possible solutions for these problems were investigated. For this purpose, 39 villages in Tokat were examined.

ERZURUM İLİ MERKEZ İLÇEDE BULUNAN PATATES KORUMA DEPOLARININ PLANLAMA VE ÇEVRE KOŞULLARI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

OZET : Bu calisma, Erzurum Ili Merkez Ilcede patates koruma depolarinin yapisal durumunu ve cevre kosullarini belirlemek, gelistirme olanaklarini saptamak, yorede uygulanabilecek depo plani hazirlamak amaciyla yapilmistir. Arastirmanin amacini gerceklestirebilmek icin belirlenebilen 2 adet patates deposu arastirma materyali olarak alinmistir. Depolara iliskin veriler ve teknik ozellikler depolarda yapilan olcme, kroki ve gozlemlerle saptanmistir. Depo ici cevre kosullari konusunda fikir edinmek amaciyla termohigrograflarla sicaklik ve bagil nem degerleri olculmustur. Arastirma sonucunda depolarin planlama durumu ve cevre kosullarinin saglanmasi yonunden sorunlari bulundugu saptanmistir. Arastirmadan elde edilen sonuclar ve yore kosullari goz onunde tutularak yorede uygulanabilir nitelikte 100 ton kapasiteli patates koruma deposu plani hazirlanmistir. A RESEARCH ON THE PLANNING AND ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS OF THE POTATO STORAGE BUILDINGS AT THE CENTERAL DISTRICT IN ERZURUM PROVINCE SUMMARY : The aim of this study is to investigate the exiting planning and environmental conditions, to explore the possibities for the improvement of present structures and to design a suggestible plan for the potato storage building at the Centeral District in Erzurum Province. In this study, two potato storage buildings were investigated and inside temperature and relative humidity were measured at them. The data about these buildings were obtained by measurements, shematic drawings, surveys and observations. For the environmental conditions, thermohygrographs recording weekly changes of the temperature and the relative humidity were used. The results of this study have been indicated that there are some problems in respect of the planning and environmental conditions for potato storage buildings at the district. The proper plan of the storage buildings for 100 tons potato for this district is prepared and given in the figure 2.