Ícaro José Santos Ribeiro

Associação entre aspectos psicossociais do trabalho e qualidade de vida de mototaxistas

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of motorcycle taxi drivers and the association with psychosocial characteristics of their work. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study with a sample of 400 motorcycle taxi drivers in Jequié, Bahia State, Brazil. The study used a form containing demographic and socioeconomic data, WHO Quality of Life-Bref Questionnaire (WHOQOL-Bref), and the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Motorcycle taxi drivers with greater decision-making control over their work showed better self-rated quality of life in the psychological domain; those with high psychological demands presented better self-rated quality of life in the social relations and environmental domains; those with high strain and active work showed better self-rated quality of life in the social and environmental domains. The psychosocial work environment and especially decision-making autonomy were thus important determinants of self-rated quality of life in this group of motorcycle taxi drivers.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida de los mototaxistas y su relacion con los aspectos psicosociales del trabajo. Estudio epidemiologico, transversal, realizado con 400 mototaxistas del municipio de Jequie, Bahia, Brasil. Se utilizo un formulario con datos sociodemograficos, el WHO Quality of Life-Bref Questionnaire (WHOQOL-Bref) y el Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Los resultados evidenciaron que los mototaxistas con un alto control de trabajo presentaron mejor percepcion de la calidad de vida en el dominio psicologico; aquellos con una alta demanda psicologica tuvieron mejor percepcion de calidad de vida en los dominios de relaciones sociales y el medio ambiente; aquellos con alta exigencia y trabajo activo mostraron mejor percepcion de la calidad de vida en los dominios de relaciones sociales y medio ambiente. Asi, el ambiente psicosocial del trabajo y, especialmente, el control sobre el trabajo son determinantes importantes para la percepcion de la calidad de vida de los mototaxistas.

SAÚDE CARDIOVASCULAR E QUALIDADE DE VIDA DE MOTOTAXISTAS

Introduction: Behavioral changes in society, associated with a shorter time of physical activity practice and changes in dietary habits, provide the increase of chronic diseases, and interfere with quality of life (QOL). Objectives: The aims of the present study are to evaluate the quality of life and the cardiovascular health of motorcycle taxi drivers. Patients and Methods: This is a descriptive, cross-sectional study carried out with 185 motorcycle taxi drivers registered at the Association of Motorcycle Taxi Drivers in Jequie-BA. We used the following instruments to collect information: the generic quality of life questionnaire SF-36 and a questionnaire containing socio-demographic, behavioral, and clinical factors. In order to measure anthropometric and blood pressure, we used the criteria of the World Health Organization and the indirect method, according to VI Brazilian Guidelines on Hypertension. Results: Of the evaluated motorcycle taxi drivers, 99.4% (n=184) were male, 70.3% (n=130), under 40 years old, and 37.9% (n=65) were hypertensive individuals. Based on anthropometric measurements, we obtained the Body Mass Index, which showed that 48.1% (n=89) of the motorcycle taxi drivers were overweight. Regarding the quality of life, there was a statistical association between waist circumference (P < 0.01) and the social and physical aspect domains (P < 0.05). The Social Aspect was the domain that presented the best average among all domains (93.5 ± 13.7 points). Conclusion: The study showed that some factors such as waist circumference can interfere with the quality of life, especially in the social aspect domain, which revealed a statistically significant difference. Moreover, the motorcycle taxi drivers presented hypertensive peaks and are classified as overweight individuals. The fact they present a lifestyle more concerned with their work rather than with their resting time promoted the lack of blood pressure control and the practice of physical activity. Descriptors: Cardiovascular diseases; Motorcycles; Quality of life. 5

Sarcopenia is associated to an impaired autonomic heart rate modulation in community-dwelling old adults

PURPOSE The aims of this study were to compare the autonomic heart control parameters from sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic community-dwelling elders. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study including 76 community-dwelling old adults, which was clinically stratified as sarcopenic or non-sarcopenic, according to the current recommendations. They were submitted to 5-min recordings of successive RR intervals. The analysis of the RR intervals variability was carried out in time (mean RR, RMSSD, pNN50, SDNN and triangular index) and frequency domains (LFnu, HFnu and LF/HF ratio), and with nonlinear methods (SD1, SD2, and D2). The parameters of autonomic heart rate modulation (AHRM) were adjusted for potential confounders: sex, diabetes, beta-blockers use, cardiovascular disease, body mass index and physical activity level, smoking habit. Normality of the data was tested by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test and, since most variables did not exhibit a normal distribution the Mann-Whitney test was used to compare the parameters of AHRM. The significance level was set as p ≤ 0.05 and all statistical procedures were performed with SPSS®. RESULTS Adjusted parameters of AHRM obtained from time domain and nonlinear methods were significantly different between sarcopenic and non-sarcopenic elders (p < 0.05), while parameters obtained from frequency domain analysis did not were different between groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Sarcopenic old adults exhibited lower parasympathetic-associated modulation, suggesting a poor cardioprotection associated to this condition.

Tendência de mortalidade por lesões autoprovocadas intencionalmente no Brasil no período de 2004 a 2014

Objective: To analyze mortality trends by intentionally self-inflicted injuries according to the age groups and regions of Brazil. Methods: This is an epidemiological study, ecological type of temporal series, using data from the Mortality Information System related to deaths from intentional self-inflicted injuries in the period of 2004 to 2014. Results: Trend analysis indicated increase in mortality rates, whereas Brazil curve accentuated elevation (R = 0.678). The Southeast region showed the highest straight slope (R = 0.960), being higher then trend observed in Brazil. Mortality coefficients according age groups showed an increasing tendency for the range of 10 to 19 years (R = 0.429). In the age group of 20 to 29 years in the analyzed period there was no tendency for growth. However, there was an increase in the number of deaths from the year 2010. This group was evaluated in the period 2010-2014, thus evidencing an increasing trend for this group (R = 0.927). The results point to the growth of mortality

Association between psychosocial aspects of work and quality of life among motorcycle taxi drivers

This study aimed to evaluate the quality of life of motorcycle taxi drivers and the association with psychosocial characteristics of their work. This was a cross-sectional epidemiological study with a sample of 400 motorcycle taxi drivers in Jequié, Bahia State, Brazil. The study used a form containing demographic and socioeconomic data, WHO Quality of Life-Bref Questionnaire (WHOQOL-Bref), and the Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Motorcycle taxi drivers with greater decision-making control over their work showed better self-rated quality of life in the psychological domain; those with high psychological demands presented better self-rated quality of life in the social relations and environmental domains; those with high strain and active work showed better self-rated quality of life in the social and environmental domains. The psychosocial work environment and especially decision-making autonomy were thus important determinants of self-rated quality of life in this group of motorcycle taxi drivers.Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida de los mototaxistas y su relacion con los aspectos psicosociales del trabajo. Estudio epidemiologico, transversal, realizado con 400 mototaxistas del municipio de Jequie, Bahia, Brasil. Se utilizo un formulario con datos sociodemograficos, el WHO Quality of Life-Bref Questionnaire (WHOQOL-Bref) y el Job Content Questionnaire (JCQ). Los resultados evidenciaron que los mototaxistas con un alto control de trabajo presentaron mejor percepcion de la calidad de vida en el dominio psicologico; aquellos con una alta demanda psicologica tuvieron mejor percepcion de calidad de vida en los dominios de relaciones sociales y el medio ambiente; aquellos con alta exigencia y trabajo activo mostraron mejor percepcion de la calidad de vida en los dominios de relaciones sociales y medio ambiente. Asi, el ambiente psicosocial del trabajo y, especialmente, el control sobre el trabajo son determinantes importantes para la percepcion de la calidad de vida de los mototaxistas.

Improving the comprehension of sarcopenic state determinants: An multivariate approach involving hormonal, nutritional, lifestyle and genetic variables

It is known that sarcopenia is a multifaceted phenomenon, which involves genetic, nutritional, hormonal and living habits aspects. Then, an integrated analysis, as a multivariate approach, could improve the comprehension about the determinants of sarcopenic state in old adults. The present study aimed to investigate the interaction among serum vitamin D, daily caloric and protein intake, lifestyle habits, ACE I/D gene polymorphism and sarcopenic state in community-dwelling old adults. One hundred one community-dwelling old adults were clinically stratified as sarcopenic or non-sarcopenic. Serum vitamin D, daily caloric and protein intake, lifestyle habits (smoking, physical activity level and sedentary behavior) and ACE I/D gene polymorphism were recorded. A multivariate logistic regression technique was applied to investigate the interaction among the selected independent variables and the sarcopenic state. The independent variables age, smoking, serum Vitamin D and ACE I/D polymorphism achieved the statistical criteria to be inserted in the multivariate analysis. After a stepwise procedure from the multivariate logistic regression, the variables age, serum Vitamin D and ACE I/D polymorphism remained, together, in the final model. Sarcopenic state was significantly associated to older age, II-genotype and low serum Vitamin D in old adults from 60 years old.

Determinants of Stroke in Brazil: A Cross-Sectional Multivariate Approach from the National Health Survey

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate the association between biological-health, socioeconomics, and behavioral determinants and stroke by evaluating the risk of stroke in the presence of each or all determinants grouped in a multivariate model. METHODS This study is a transversal secondary data analysis of the Brazilian National Health Survey, released by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The prevalence, prevalence ratios, and confidence intervals were calculated for the main outcome. A multivariate regression model was applied, with the stroke as outcome and all other variables with a P value of .20 or lower in the univariate analysis included as explanatory variables to adjust for potential confounders and effect modifiers. RESULTS The mean age was 43.3 ± 16.6 years, ranging from 18 to 101 years. The prevalence of hypertension was 21.4%, and with regard to lifestyle habits, it was observed that 20.0% had smoked but stopped and 29.7% practiced physical activity in the last 30 days. The regression model showed that the odds ratio in the final model was weighted, with low schooling, smoking habit, overweight, low physical activity practice, diabetes, and hypertension being significantly associated with stroke. CONCLUSION The multivariate model showed that the chance of stroke is high, both combined or isolated.

Daily sodium intake influences the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism and hypertension in older adults

The angiotensin‐converting enzyme insertion/deletion (I/D) gene polymorphism has been widely reported as being associated with hypertension; however, most studies do not consider environmental/behavioral factors. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among angiotensin‐converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism, environmental/behavioral factors, and hypertension in community‐dwelling elderly individuals. All community‐dwelling older adults from Aiquara, Bahia, Brazil, were invited to take part in this study. After exclusions, 234 elderly participants were submitted to a data collection, which included sociodemographics, lifestyle and health status questionnaires, clinical assessment, and blood withdrawal. From the blood samples, the gene polymorphism was identified through polymerase chain reaction and patients grouped as II or D allele carriers (ID and DD genotypes). Hypertension was defined by self‐report of the condition and confirmed by antihypertensive drug treatment. Chi‐square test was used to identify differences in the proportions distributed between groups of each dependent variable (ie, genotype, diagnosis of hypertension, and blood pressure state from medicated patients with hypertension). The prevalence of hypertension was 59.3% and was associated with diabetes mellitus and obesity, but not with angiotensin‐converting enzyme insertion/deletion gene polymorphism. However, carriers of the II genotype, a salt‐sensitivity genotype, exhibited a significantly greater estimated sodium intake. In addition, among medicated elderly patients with hypertension, II genotype carriers exhibited poor blood pressure control, despite similar antihypertensive drug treatment in D allele carriers, while exhibiting a greater estimated sodium intake. Our results provide new evidence regarding the interaction of genetic and environmental/behavioral factors in the genesis of hypertension among elderly patients, as well as in blood pressure control in medicated elderly patients with hypertension.

Relationship between diabetes mellitus and heart rate variability in community-dwelling elders

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Diabetes mellitus is one of the most common non-communicable diseases (NCDs) and may influence the autonomic nervous system. This study aims to analyze the autonomic control, through heart rate variability (HRV), from community-dwelling elders with (DM+) and without diabetes mellitus (DM-). MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study, in which 205 elders (≥ 60 years old), from the urban area of Aiquara municipality gave their written consent to participate. HRV data was collected through a Polar RS800CX monitor with a 5-min initial record at rest, followed by the command to quickly stand up. RESULTS The mean age was 71 years (SD, 7.32). The population was mostly made up of women 121 (59%), with low or no schooling 123 (60%), and low income 166 (81%). HRV analysis in a frequency domain showed no difference when comparing the two groups of DM+ and DM-. Henceforth in a time domain, the rMSSD showed a median value of 16.09 (interquartile range, 9.91-30.68); pNN50 median of 0.79 (interquartile range, 0.00-6.62), with a statistical significance between the group of DM+ and DM-. CONCLUSIONS There is a difference between the studied groups principally in what concerns the time domain, which reflects the parasympathetic activity, suggesting that elders with diabetes mellitus may have a worse parasympathetic control.

Influence of anthropometric indicators in quality of diabetic subjects’ life

Objective: to analyze the influence of obesity on quality of diabetic subjects’ life. Method: epidemiological, cross-sectional and census study, conducted with 101 diabetic patients enrolled in HIPERDIA program in a Family Health Unit. For tabulation and analysis of the data we used SPSS version 21.0, presented in tables and compared with the literature. Results: it was observed that 62.4% (n=63) of subjects are female, with a mean age of 60 years-old (± 14.0). Statistical significance (p <0.05) were identified between the anthropometric variables BMI and WHR with the Environment domain questionnaire on Quality of Life. Conclusion: in general, obesity influences peoples quality of life searched, requiring planning educational activities that encourage behavioral changes related to lifestyle. Descriptors: Diabetes Mellitus; Quality of Life; Obesity. RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a influência da obesidade na qualidade de vida dos diabéticos. Método: estudo epidemiológico, transversal e censitário, desenvolvido com 101 diabéticos cadastrados no programa HIPERDIA em uma de Unidade de Saúde da Família. Para tabulação e análise dos dados foi usado o programa SPSS versão 21.0, apresentados em tabelas e confrontados com a literatura. Resultados: foi observado que 62,4% (n=63) dos indivíduos são do sexo feminino, sendo a média de idade de 60 anos (±14,0). Foram identificadas significâncias estatísticas (p<0,05) entre as variáveis antropométricas IMC e RCQ com o domínio Meio Ambiente do questionário sobre Qualidade de Vida. Conclusão: de forma geral, a obesidade influencia na qualidade de vida da população pesquisada, sendo necessário o planejamento de atividades educativas que estimulem mudanças comportamentais relacionadas aos hábitos de vida. Descritores: Diabetes Mellitus; Qualidade de Vida; Obesidade. RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la influencia de la obesidad sobre la calidad de vida de los diabéticos. Método: Estudio epidemiológico, transversal censo, realizado con 101 pacientes diabéticos inscritos en el programa HIPERDIA en una Unidad de Salud de la Familia. Para la tabulación y análisis de los datos se utilizó el programa SPSS versión 21.0, se presenta en las tablas y en comparación con la literatura. Resultados: se observó que el 62,4% de los sujetos (n = 63) son mujeres, con una edad media de 60 años (± 14,0). Ellos fueron identificados significación estadística (p <0,05) entre las variables antropométricas IMC y la RCC con el cuestionario de dominio de Medio Ambiente sobre la Calidad de Vida. Conclusión: en general, la obesidad influye en la calidad de vida de las personas buscadas, lo que requiere la planificación de actividades educativas que fomenten cambios de comportamiento relacionados con el estilo de vida. Descriptores: Diabetes Mellitus; Calidad de Vida; Obesidad. Nurse, Master Health Science, Doctorate student of the Graduate Program in Nursing and Health, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia/PPGES/UESB. Jequié (BA), Brazil. E-mail: Brunoxrmf5@gmail.com; Nurse, Master in Biotechnology in Health and Investigative Medicine, Gonçalo Moniz Research Center FIOCRUZ-BA. Doctorate student in Health Sciente of the Graduate Program in Nursing and Health, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia/PPGES/UESB. Jequié (BA), Brazil. E-mail: Ícaro.ribeiro@ymail.com; Physical educator, Master, Doctoral student of Education, Universidade Federal da Bahia/UFBA. Salvador (BA), Brazil. E-mail: ramonefisica@hotmail.com; Nurse, Doctor professor (Post-doctorate), Nursing degree/Graduate Program in Nursing and Health, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia/PPGES/UESB. Jequié (BA), Brazil. E-mail: rboery@gmail.com; Dentist Surgeon, Doctor Professor of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Dentistry Course/Graduate Program in Nursing and Health, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia/PPGES/UESB. Jequié (BA), Brazil. E-mail: cacasoti@uesb.edu.br; Nurse, Doctor Professor of Nursing/Nursing degree/Graduate Program in Nursing and Health, Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia/PPGES/UESB. Jequié (BA), Brazil. E-mail: eboery@ig.com.br ORIGINAL ARTICLE Oliveira BG de, Ribeiro ÍJS, Moreira RM et al. Influence of anthropometric indicators... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 10(8):2838-44, Aug., 2016 2839 ISSN: 1981-8963 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.9373-82134-1-RV1008201608 Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a noncommunicable chronic diseases (NCDs) related to the metabolic changes associated with human behavior change in relation to diet and the life style. It was estimated that in 1995, DM reached about 4, 0% of the adult population in world, and in 2025 it will reach a prevalence of 5.4%. Most of this increase will occur in developing countries, accentuating the pattern of concentration of cases in the age group of 45-64 years-old. Diabetic patients require special attention to the control of comorbidities, such as physical inactivity and obesity, both related to the lack of care about the disease, physical inactivity, nutrition. These changes can compromise the quality of life (QOL) if there is no proper guidance on the importance of the complications that arise. The evaluation of health related to QoL has grown in the general population. Studies show that the increase in NCDs and their risk factors influence the QOL of indiviuals. Thus, QOL is perceived by the individual through their physical, emotional and cognitive through relationships and social roles adopted in life, besides the various aspects related to the environment where they live. To ensure means and situations that increase QoL could help to reduce diseases. Thus, the relevance of this study is able to take information that can contribute to a reflection about the QoL. Moreover, it may will unveil the view of users of the family health unit (FHU) in relation to the QV and then propose by this knowledge, public policies that can be proposed and discussed in the health scenario. This study aims to analyze the influence of obesity on the QOL of diabetics. This is an epidemiological, cross-sectional and census study conducted from April to May 2012 with 101 diabetic patients enrolled in HIPERDIA program in a USF in the city of Jequié-BA. The study included individuals of both sexes; registered in HIPERDIA program in monitoring the health team. On the other hand they were excluded five diabetics who did not agree to participate, 6 with cognitive impairment that prevented them from responding or understand the questionnaire and 4 that were not found at home after three visits on alternate schedules. Data were collected through questionnaires from interviews conducted in households where participants were invited and informed about the nature of the study. After agreeing to participate and sign the Informed Consent and Informed (IC), it gave start to the proceedings. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of Universidade Estadual do Sudoeste da Bahia (Protocol CEP / UESB No 135/2008). The interviews were conducted by standardized interviewers, which are able to address the questions of the participants on the issues of the study. We used two instruments for data collection, the first with socio-demographic and economic issues, lifestyle, being affected by diseases and anthropometric measurements; and the second one, WHOQOL Bref, which consists of 26 questions that represent four areas of assessment of quality of life: physical, psychological, social and environment relations. To measure the Abdominal Circumference (AC) and Circumference Hip (CQ) we used a tape measure with minimum unit of 0.1 cm; for the measurement of body weight we used portable scale (Tech Line) and height (in centimeters), a compact Stadiometer (E210Wiso). To calculate the Body Mass Index (BMI) we used the formula [WEIGHT/HEIGHT]. Thus, it is possible to classify individuals as underweight (BMI <18.5); normal weight (BMI 18.5-24.9); overweight (BMI 25-29.9) and obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0). The measure of waist/hip ratio (WHR) was calculated from the reason WHR=CA (cm)/QC (cm) and the AC was measured through the midpoint between the lower costal margin and the iliac crest. We considered having abdominal obesity individuals with WHR ≥ 1.0 for men and ≥ 0.85 for women, and CA ≥ 102 cm for men and ≥ 88 cm for women. Data were entered into Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software, and the analysis in Statical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 21.0. A descriptive analysis (relative and absolute frequency) for categorical variables and the mean and standard deviation for numerical variables was carried out. The normality of the data was analyzed using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test. To compare the QOL between the sexes of the individuals we used the nonparametric MannWhitney. The correlation between anthropometric indicators and domains of QOL was done by Spearman correlation. The significance level was p <0.05. METHOD INTRODUCTION Oliveira BG de, Ribeiro ÍJS, Moreira RM et al. Influence of anthropometric indicators... English/Portuguese J Nurs UFPE on line., Recife, 10(8):2838-44, Aug., 2016 2840 ISSN: 1981-8963 DOI: 10.5205/reuol.9373-82134-1-RV1008201608 The population consisted of 101 diabetics, aged 15 to 91 years-old, with a mean of 60 years-old(± 14). Table 1 shows the characterization of the sample, which prevailed female subjects, who lived with a partner (a), they declare themselves as nonwhite, with incomplete 1 degree and monthly income of 1 minimum wage. The prevalence of smoking was 49.5%, alcohol 63.4%, the systemic arterial hypertension (SAH) of 86.1% and 54.5% of cardiovascular disease. Among the 61.4% respondents did not practice regular physical activity. In the analysis of anthropometric indicators, when measured BMI, we found that 67.3% of subjects were overweight or obese (Table 1). Table 1. Distribution of sociodemographic characteristics of diabetics in numerical values and percentages (JequiéBA, 2012). Variables Categories n % Gender Female 63 62,4 Male 38