Imad Fakhri Taha Alshaikhli

A New Fragile Digital Watermarking Technique for a PDF Digital Holy Quran

Digital media manipulation has become easily performed at personal level with the rapidly growth of Technology. Presenting an issue of protecting digital media integrity. Watermarking has become a popular solution for copyright and integrity issues. This paper presents an invisible fragile watermarking technique for protecting the integrity of a PDF Digital Holy Quran. This watermark is generated using DCT algorithm for feature extracting along with a Gear hash function to provide tampering detection.

Comparative Study on Content-Based Image Retrieval (CBIR)

The process of retrieving desired images from a large collection is widely used in applications of computer vision. In order to improve the retrieval performance an efficient and accurate system is required. Retrieving images based on the content i.e. color, texture, shape etc is called content based image retrieval (CBIR). The content is actually the feature of an image and is extracted through a meaningful way to construct a feature vector. Images having the least distance between their feature vectors are most similar. This paper gives comparison of three different approaches of CBIR based on image features and similarity measures taken for finding the similarity between two images. Results have shown that selecting an important image feature and calculating that through a meaningful way is of great importance in image retrieval. All the important features must be considered while constructing a feature vector and a proper similarity measure should be used for calculating the distance between two feature vectors. These parameters play very crucial role in deciding the overall performance of the any CBIR system. Some future direction were identified and under our future work.

Reach a nonlinear consensus for MAS via doubly stochastic quadratic operators

ABSTRACT This technical note addresses the new nonlinear protocol class of doubly stochastic quadratic operators (DSQOs) for coordination of consensus problem in multi-agent systems (MAS). We derive the conditions for ensuring that every agent reaches consensus on a desired rate of the groups decision where the group decision value in its agents initial statuses varies. Besides that, we investigate a nonlinear protocol sub-class of extreme DSQO (EDSQO) to reach a consensus for MAS to a common value with nonlinear low-complexity rules and fast time convergence if the interactions for each agent are not selfish. In addition, to extend the results to reach a consensus and to avoid the selfish case we specify a general class of DSQO for reaching a consensus under any given case of initial states. The case that MAS reach a consensus by DSQO is if each member of the agent group has positive interactions of DSQO (PDSQO) with the others. The convergence of both EDSQO and PDSQO classes is found to be directed towards the centre point. Finally, experimental simulations are given to support the analysis from theoretical aspect.

Stress Assessment While Listening to Quran Recitation

Stress and anxiety are one of the most widespread problems presently, stress treatment has been featured in many researches. The use of Quran offers a substantial help in treating stress. The purpose of this study is to examine the various aspects and perspectives of human emotions while listening to Quran Recitation. This study aims to identify and select verses that have more psychological impact than other verses and to identify the most Quran reciter that respondents believe his voice brings calmness and tranquility to their mind. Quantitative and qualitative methods were adopted. An online distributed questionnaire was sent to the academic staffs of all the Islamic faculties in the Malaysian public universities, five subjects participated in EEG experiment to identify their emotions while listening to these Quran verses. Five Quran verses and one reciter were identified, while experiment indicates that the subjects are more relieved and relaxed when listening to these Quran verses.

Comparative Study between Traffic Control Methods Using Simulation Software

Traffic jams are a huge issue in urban streets. Intersections are one of the critical parts of the street that causes high amount of congestion if not managed properly. Solutions where made that revolve around fixed set of operations that attempt to find optimum time for each traffic light in the intersection. Several solutions were proposed over the last years that use a more intelligent and more dynamic than the previous ones. Some of those approaches, labeled as Intelligent Traffic Light Control System, are discussed in this paper. The methods are Webster, Dynamic Webster, Equal Interval and Optimum Equal. A simulation software will run those methods in a typical four-phase intersection and generate a report about their results. Each method is demonstrated and explained in the context of the simulation software. The methods are compared with emphasis on cycle interval time and flow rate. A conclusion is made about what can be improved in those methods.

An Anatomy of IGP and BGP Routing Protocols

Due to the growth of computer networks, the word routing protocol has spread with a notice able speed making a huge impact through the world of networking. Various types of routing protocols have been used in lots of fields, each field uses the protocols that suit its needs with consideration to several metrics such as power and bandwidth consumption. In this paper we propose the idea of routing protocols, starting with an overview of the basics of Interior Gateway Protocols (IGP) and Border Gateway Protocols (BGP). Later, we describe the idea of Link State Routing Protocols (LSRP) and Distance Vector Routing Protocols (DVRP) while making a comparison which should determine the protocol needed for each network topology. The weaknesses and strengths of each routing protocol will be also discussed.

EEG-based Emotion Recognition while Listening to Quran Recitation Compared with Relaxing Music Using Valence-Arousal Model

Relaxation and calmness are two emotions that people always seek for. One popular method people used to do in order to reduce their level of tension and pressure is listening to some types of relaxing music. On the other hand, Quran is Allahs words that are ultimately given to us human to benefit of. Although, Muslims are strongly believed that listening to Quran or reading it brings them to comfort, pleasure and confidence. Scientific evidence is still required to prove that scientifically. Human emotion can be recognized from voice, text, facial expression or body language. But those methods are susceptible to change and are not really accurate. Recently, electroencephalograms (EEG) allowed researchers to evoke the inner emotions. This paper aims to study human emotions while listening to Quran recitation compared with listening to relaxing music. To evoke emotions, some stimuli should be used, in this research we implemented International Affective Picture System (IAPS) database. And for the emotion classification technique we followed two-dimensional Arousal-Valence emotion model. Finally the emotion model was implemented to recognize four basic emotions Happy, Fear, Sad and Calm with an average accuracy of 76.81 %. The data collected while listening to Quran and music were tested and the result generally showed that both Quran and Music are classified more into positive valence.

Optimization of traffic control methods comparing with dynamic webster with Dynamic Cycle Time (DWDC) using simulation software

Traffic congestion is one of the most prevalent problems on the streets in urban areas, especially at intersections that are not properly controlled, so it causes problems in the flow of traffic and the disruption of the streets. Many new solutions has been proposed Which have been used intelligently and more dynamically than previous solutions. This paper proposes an intelligent control system, which uses a traffic light method called Dynamic Webster with Dynamic Cycle Time, which runs by software simulation of four-phase of the intersection. Emphasis was placed on the cycle time interval and the flow rate when compared (Dynamic Webster with Dynamic Cycle Time) with the rest of the previous methods. This paper concludes with what has been deduced and what can be improved in these methods.

A study on the effects of EEG and ECG signals while listening to Qur'an recitation

The brain performs many important functions, and for this reason have been the subject of much research. Electroencephalograms (EEG) and Electrocardiograms (ECG) are techniques used to record electrical activity in the brain and heart respectively. This research was conducted to compare the effect on EEG and ECG temporal signals while listening to Quran recitation and listening to music. The EEG and ECG signals were captured from three subjects in a special environment. Data analysis was conducted for the EEG signal in the frequency domain, while the ECG signal was analyzed in the time domain. It was concluded that the subjects were more relaxed while listening to Quran recitation.

Linear and nonlinear stochastic distribution for consensus problem in multi-agent systems

This paper presents a linear and nonlinear stochastic distribution for the interactions in multi-agent systems (MAS). The interactions are considered for the agents to reach a consensus using hetero-homogeneous transition stochastic matrices. The states of the agents are presented as variables sharing information in the MAS dynamically. The paper studies the interaction among agents for the attainment of consensus by limit behavior from their initial states’ trajectories. The paper provides a linear distribution of DeGroot model compared with a nonlinear distribution of change stochastic quadratic operators (CSQOs), doubly stochastic quadratic operators (DSQOs) and extreme doubly stochastic quadratic operators (EDSQOs) for a consensus problem in MAS. The comparison study is considered for stochastic matrix (SM) and doubly stochastic matrix (DSM) cases of the hetero-homogeneous transition stochastic matrices. In the case of SM, the work’s results show that the DeGroot linear model converges to the same unknown limit while CSQOs, DSQOs and EDSQOs converge to the center. However, the results show that the linear of DeGroot and nonlinear distributions of CSQOs, DSQOs and EDSQOs converge to the center with DSM. Additionally, the case of DSM is observed to converge faster compared to that of SM in the case of nonlinear distribution of CSQOs, DSQOs and EDSQOs. In general, the novelty of this study is in showing that the nonlinear stochastic distribution reaches a consensus faster than all cases. In fact, the EDSQO is a very simple system compared to other nonlinear distributions.