Ioan Pacurar

Morphometric Characteristics of the Relief as a Premise in the Pedogenetic Process and Indirect Mapping of Soil Types in the Anieș Hydrographic Basin

Developed by a geological structure similar asymmetric horst, Anieșs morph-hydrographic basin presents through its relief forms, a complex geographical unit, in terms of morphometric indicators respectively altitude, slope, depth of fragmentation and slope exposition for the entire landscape. At a taxonomic level, we can distinguish a variety of soil types and subtypes, mainly due to the physical and chemical properties and mineralogical soil deposits. This article aims to interpret some morphometric indicators and correlations supported by a GIS raster and vector database integrated in spatial analysis modules, discover quantitative and qualitative features of various types of surfaces and define morphometric parameters.The morphometric study of: slope, slope exposition and energy relief correlated with altitude by indirect mapping, have identified the following types of zone soils: luvisols, eutric cambosols distric cambosols, podzols, prepodzols , criptopodzols and humosiosols and intra-zone soils: rendzins, lithosols, hystosols and fluvisols. The indirect maping reflect the variety and complexity of soil types in Anieșs basin, each with varying surfaces, lithological substrates and specific properties.The necessity of this article is important in the achievement of studies concerning the land usefulness, in order to implement essential measures such as: correcting the soils acidity and monitoring the lands affected by soil erosion.

RESEARCH REGARDING THE CONNECTION BETWEEN THE PRODUCTIVITY OF THE RESORT AND THE RENDZIC SOILS IN TRASCAU MOUNTAINS

The Trascau Mountains are an extension to the north-east of the Metaliferi Mountains. They have a very complex petrographical structure, represented by basalts, crystalline schists, sandstones, limestones, crystalline limestones, gneisses, dacites etc. All these have determined the formation of a very diverse relief (ridges, volcanic hills, abrupts, ravines, caves) and thus a very diverse soil covering. Four rendzic soil profiles were assessed and analyzed, found in the forest area of Trascau Mountains. Because of the extremely diverse microrelief conditions in the territory, most of the soils are skeletal, with low and medium edafic volume, some even superficial. The forest resorts in this area have at best a medium production capacity, because of the relief conditions and the skeletal soils.

VALORIFICATION OF DISINTEGRATED LANDS FROM TRANSYLVANIA THROUGH CULTIVATION OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES

The Transylvanian hillock area is geographical characterised through a wave like landscape, sunny slopes with no forest vegetation, frequently exposed to different forms of erosion. The pedogenetical cover on these slopes are represented by regosoils, erodisoils, soils with low trophicity, for agricultural usage. A very well adapted specie for these conditions is Hippophae rhamnoides. Hippophae rhamnoides is considered to be one of the most valuable specie of brushes from our spontaneous and cultivated flora, appreciated in different domains such as pharmacology, food industry, animal feeding, forestry and even in landscaping. Its fruits contain over 20 substances with an important role in the regularization of the metabolism of the humans, having both a therapeutical and curative role in preventing and treating eye diseases, skin problems, avitaminoses, diseases of the neural system, endocrine system etc. It is a unisex dioical plant, of 1,5-3,5 m (in some areas can reach up to 8-10 m). It produces fruits after three years from planting and it has a biological life of 18-20 years. It is a plant with a high adaptability, being one of the best colonizing plants. It valorizes the lands with different types of soil, wet and dry, with different textures (from sandy to clay), especially the sands from the river banks. With a powerful root system, it expands rapidly as it rots can go up to 20 m. The planting distance is 3x2m, in the plain conducting way, or 3,5x2,5 m in the classical conducting way. For polenisation at planting, one must respect the percent of 1 male plant to 6-8 female plants. It has a very high growth in the years 3-5 when it produces great amounts of branches, and having a production of 3-12tones/ha, and at maximum it has a production of 25 tones/ha.