Mihai Buta

FT-IR Characterization of Pollen Biochemistry, Viability, and Germination Capacity in Saintpaulia H. Wendl. Genotypes

FT-IR characterization of pollen biochemistry was analyzed to detect possible connection with the viability (by staining with potassium iodide, 25%) and the germination capacity (on solid nutrient medium), in 15 Saintpaulia genotypes. Vibrational spectroscopy indicates that the pollen of S. ionantha genotype “Red Velvet” is rich in proteins, lipids, triglycerides, and esters and has a viability of 88.4% and a low germination capacity (27.16%). For S. ionantha “Jolly Red” and “Lucky Ladybug” genotypes, pollen showed high viability (88.81–91.49%) and low germination capacity (23.02–9.17%), even though the pollen is rich in carbohydrates. S. ionantha “Aloha Orchid” genotype has the highest percentage of viability (94.32%) and germination capacity (45.73%) and a rich content of carbohydrates and polygalacturonic acids. In S. rupicola and S. ionantha genotypes, the rich content of polygalacturonic acids, lipids, and carbohydrates favourably influenced the germination capacity. Spectroscopic result indicates, through different absorbance band intensity, a possible link between biochemical composition, viability, and germination capacity of Saintpaulia pollen. To determine exactly the relation between biochemistry and biological processes, it is necessary to initiate quantitative researches.

Solutions Concerning the Improvement of Multiplication Technology of Argyranthemum frutescens (L.) Sch. Bip

Argyranthemum frutescens (Chrysanthemum frutescens L.), the marguerite, is a perennial plant known for its flowers. It is native to the Canary Islands, their native habitat ranges from the seashore, woodland edges and slopes of volcanic mountains. Marguerites have been grown for more than 200 years, with more than 80 types now available (most of them are hybrids). The aim of the research was to improve the current assortment of floricultural plants in Romania, with new varieties of ornamental species with different morphological characteristics, to be promoted and placed in production. Along with taking the study of new varieties, it has studying the improvement of the culture technology, too. In the present paper, we made some research’s regarding the influence of rooting substrate on morphological characters of two varieties of Argyranthemum frutescens L. cuttings („Gypsy Rose” and „Butterfly”), which were followed the rooting process in different substrates (perlite and peat + perlite).

Study Regarding the Development of the Rose Seed Material at Different Rose Cultivar on Argillaceous-Sandy Soils

The main pourpouse of the paper is to determinate the influence of the argillaceous-sandy soil on two property of the seed material at the roses. These characteristics have a major importance because it determined the quality of the rose plants. All the material that have been study is made from five rose cultivars, and the results was interpreted with student test. The results that have been obtain are interestring because we can say that the soil is influence the seed material quality.

VALORIFICATION OF DISINTEGRATED LANDS FROM TRANSYLVANIA THROUGH CULTIVATION OF HIPPOPHAE RHAMNOIDES

The Transylvanian hillock area is geographical characterised through a wave like landscape, sunny slopes with no forest vegetation, frequently exposed to different forms of erosion. The pedogenetical cover on these slopes are represented by regosoils, erodisoils, soils with low trophicity, for agricultural usage. A very well adapted specie for these conditions is Hippophae rhamnoides. Hippophae rhamnoides is considered to be one of the most valuable specie of brushes from our spontaneous and cultivated flora, appreciated in different domains such as pharmacology, food industry, animal feeding, forestry and even in landscaping. Its fruits contain over 20 substances with an important role in the regularization of the metabolism of the humans, having both a therapeutical and curative role in preventing and treating eye diseases, skin problems, avitaminoses, diseases of the neural system, endocrine system etc. It is a unisex dioical plant, of 1,5-3,5 m (in some areas can reach up to 8-10 m). It produces fruits after three years from planting and it has a biological life of 18-20 years. It is a plant with a high adaptability, being one of the best colonizing plants. It valorizes the lands with different types of soil, wet and dry, with different textures (from sandy to clay), especially the sands from the river banks. With a powerful root system, it expands rapidly as it rots can go up to 20 m. The planting distance is 3x2m, in the plain conducting way, or 3,5x2,5 m in the classical conducting way. For polenisation at planting, one must respect the percent of 1 male plant to 6-8 female plants. It has a very high growth in the years 3-5 when it produces great amounts of branches, and having a production of 3-12tones/ha, and at maximum it has a production of 25 tones/ha.