Isabelle Bourdon

Improving KMS Acceptance: The Role of Organizational and Individuals' Influence

The purpose of this article is to contribute to the improvement of the acceptance of information systems (IS) devoted to the codification and sharing of knowledge (a type of knowledge manage-ment systems [KMS]). A research model was developed through a multi-staged, multi-method research process and its test supports the hypotheses that the acceptance of KMS is determined, in addition to the classical constructs of the technology acceptance model (TAM), by a few or-ganizational factors, and by the influence exerted on the user by individuals close to her/him.

Managing Extended Organizations and Data Governance

These last years, main IT companies have build software solutions and change management plans promoting data quality management within organizations concerned by the enhancement of their business intelligence system. These offers are closely similar data governance schemes based on a common paradigm called Master Data Management. These schemes appear generally inappropriate to the context of complex extended organizations. On the other hand, the community-based data governance schemes have shown their own efficiency to contribute to the reliability of data in digital social networks, as well as their ability to meet user expectations. After a brief analysis of the very specific constraints weighting on extended organization’s data governance, and of peculiarities of monitoring and regulatory processes associated to management control and IT within these, we propose a new scheme inspired by Foucaldian analysis on governmentality: the Panopticon data governance paradigm.

ASSESSING PATIENT'S PERCEPTION OF ORAL TELECONSULTATION

OBJECTIVES The evaluation of telemedicine from the patients point of view has focused on the patient pathway and patient satisfaction. However, research in this field does not provide us with the means to assess a patients perception of the procedure if their reasoning ability is impaired. In this study, we use direct observation of a patients behavior and mood to assess their perception of an oral teleconsultation procedure. METHODS This study has been conducted in the context of a pilot project using an asynchronous teleconsultation to improve access to dental care for the dependent elderly, disabled people, and prisoners, some of whom may be cognitively impaired. We use a direct observation form consisting of five behavioral variables and eight affect variables to reflect the patients experience of the oral teleconsultation procedure. RESULTS A total of 135 patients were evaluated; 10 refused the procedure. Psychotic patients (n = 33) had a somewhat negative experience during the oral teleconsultation procedure. Patients who were not psychotic had a positive experience; this decreased as we moved from the autonomous to the semi-autonomous and then to the dependent sub-group. Some gender differences were also noted. CONCLUSIONS Improving evidence on evaluating the acceptance of the cognitively impaired is required to improve the technology development process so that it can be translated into an improved patient experience and adherence. Although the study was specifically focused on teledentistry, the approach described in this study could be adapted to other forms of teleconsultation.

Knowledge sharing in online communities: the power game

Purpose – The purpose of this paper was to gain a better understanding of the nature of online communities, the relationships within them and the relationship between such communities and the host organization. Knowledge sharing via participation in online communities is a central part of many multinational organizations’ business strategies; however, the task is not always straightforward. Design/methodology/approach – The research focused on power relationships in online communities. The approach was inductive and consisted of an exploratory case study using semi-structured interviews, augmented with direct observation and documentary sources, within a framework provided by the French sociologists Crozier and Friedberg. Findings – The findings identify the various reasons for participating in the community and aspects of both the relationships within the community and between the community and the host company. Practical implications – The research shows that online communities are not easy to categorize and that attempting to use a single solution for the management of such communities risks oversimplifying a complex situation. It also shows that Crozier and Friedberg’s framework is useful in highlighting issues that otherwise might not have been noticed. Originality/value – Issues of power are often neglected in studies of online communities. The use of Crozier and Friedberg’s framework offers a novel way to examine power relationships, which can offer new insights into how such communities function.

Toward an Enacted Approach to Understanding OSS Developer's Motivations

A large part of the existing literature on Open Source Software OSS projects identifies the motivation factors predicting the participation level of members. However, the effective satisfaction of developers toward their project still remains a managerial and theoretical challenge. So, it is also consistent to assess how the effective participation of developers in OSS projects makes sense of their own motivations. This article uses the enactivist approach and considers that motivations are not simple antecedents to actions but are shaped by actions as well. The empirical analysis delivers the results of a survey administrated to participants of business OSS projects. The results reveal reputation, reciprocity and expected professional opportunities as the most positively influenced variables. However, learning motivations and ideology toward open source beliefs and values are the lesser influenced ones. These results counterbalance prior empirical researches which have observed a strong predicting power of both variables on expected participation level of participants. This study suggests that participation seems to make sense regarding motivations for which developers have some visible indicators of their personal achievement.

Development of Teledentistry: From Pilot Projects to Successful Implementation

As of telemedecine initiatives, teledentistry innovations have great potentials to enhance accessibility to dental care, reduce cost of care and enhance quality of dental care. Despite such potentials, many teledentistry innovations remain in the pilot phase or are not successfully implemented. To explain this paradoxe, we discuss the adoption, and the implementation of teledentistry in regular healthcare practices and the evaluation of the success of teledentitry projetc. We propose to identify the main critical factors for teledentistery initiatives.

Understanding Open Source Developers' Motivations from their Participation

A large part of the existing literature on Open Source projects identified the motivation factors predicting the participation of members. However, these incentives do not ensure a sustained participation level. Most of the members leave projects when their personal needs are satisfied and, as a consequence, a lot of projects are aborted or abandoned before the beta version software has been distributed Indeed, most of open source projects are aborted or abandoned because failing into keeping enough active members. So, the initial aforementioned research question worth to be reversed in order to apprehend how the participation level influences the way OS projects members make sense of their own motivations. The objective of this article is to use the enactivist approach and to consider that motivations are not simple antecedents to actions but are shaped by actions as well (here the participation). The quantitative analysis delivers the results of a survey administrated to participants of business OS projects. The results reveal that reputation, reciprocity and professional opportunities expected are the most influenced variables by the participation. However, learning motivations and ideology toward OS beliefs and values are the less influenced ones. This results counterbalance prior empirical researches which had observed a strong predicting power of both variables on expected participation level of participants. This is tends to show participation as making sense to motivations whom members have practical indicators for their self-assessment.