Ivan Hüttel

Regular surface grating on doped polymer induced by laser scanning

Thin polymer film doped with optical chromophore porphyrin are shown to respond to irradiation with laser light (λ=405 nm). By simultaneous scanning with laser beam and continual mechanical movement of the polymer film regular grating pattern is formed on the polymer surface. Parameters of the grating vary in wide range as a function of the movement velocity and the laser intensity. Submicron, periodically structures can be prepared using the proposed technique.

Erbium doping into thin carbon optical layers

Abstract Study of fabrication and properties of the carbon layers by using the plasma assisted chemical vapour deposition apparatus is reported. The layers were grown on silicon substrates with methane as the precursor. The fabricated samples were then doped with Er 3+ by treating them in solution of erbium nitrate in glycerin. To obtain deeper erbium containing carbon layers the ‘sandwich method’ was used based on repetition (three times) of carbon deposition and subsequent Er 3+ diffusion of erbium after which followed annealing in vacuum oven. The obtained results proved that it is in principle possible to fabricate the erbium containing carbon thin optical layers.

Optical and Spectroscopic Properties of Polymer Layers Doped with Rare Earth Ions

This chapter deals with description properties of a number of Rare-Earth (RE) ions in polymer materials. The list of the RE elements with some of its basic properties are shown in Table 1. The electronic structure of each trivalent RE element consists of partially filled 4f subshell, and outer 5s2 and 5p6 subshell. With increasing nuclear charge electrons enter into the underlying 4f subshell rather than the external 5d subshell. Since the filled 5s2 and 5p6 subshells screen the 4f electrons, the RE elements have very similar chemical properties. The screening of the partially filled 4f subshells, by the outer closed 5s2 and 5p6 subshell, also gives rise to sharp emission spectra independent of the host materials. The intra-subshell transitions of 4f electrons lead to narrow absorption peaks in the ultra-violet, visible, and near-infrared regions.

Design and construction of a VHGT-attached WDM-type triplex transceiver module using polymer PLC hybrid integration technology

We report about design and construction of the bidirectional transceiver TRx module for subscriber part of the passive optical network PON for a fiber to the home FTTH topology. The TRx module consists of a epoxy novolak resin polymer planar lightwave circuit (PLC) hybrid integration technology with volume holographic grating triplex filter VHGT, surface-illuminated photodetectors and spot-size converted Fabry-Pérot laser diode in SMD package. The hybrid PLC has composed from a two parts-polymer optical waveguide including VHGT filter section and a optoelectronic microwave section. The both parts are placed on the composite substrate.

Ordered graphene strips onto polymer backing prepared by laser scanning

The preparation of ordered array of graphene strips with arc lateral shape on graphene layer is described. In the next step, porphyrine doped polymer film was deposited onto graphene and the substrate was dissolved and the graphene film was revealed. Polymer film was modified by scanning laser beam and simultaneous mechanical movement of the sample. The creation of graphene ordered strips relies on graphene cutting due to polymer substrate distortion. Creation of ordered graphene strips was proved by scanning tunneling microscopy measurement. The method makes possible the creation of micro- and nano-ordered graphene strips.

Bistability of the laser diode with a multiple-divided contact stripe

We report about theoretical results and experiments, which led to the demonstration of optical bistability on the specially modified laser diode (LD) created on the double heterostructure Ga1-x AlxAl/GaAs with saturable absorption section. To prove the bistability, the time method for bistability impulse verification (BIV) by bistable laser diode (BLD) was proposed. With the use of the BIV method, basic parameters of the hysterisis loop of the W-A characteristic samples of realized BLD were determined. Also the mathematic model of the W-A characteristic was derived, used for the simulation of the characteristic for the realized BLD. Element values of the electrical equivalent circuit of the BLD for small changes of signal were calculated for selected operating points of the simulated W-A characteristics. The dependency of bistability on the temperature is monitored by measuring the BLD W-A characteristic.

Nonconventional Method of Polymer Patterning

The unical properties of polymers, their cheap coast and possibility of easy chemical or physical modification, make these materials ideal building blocks for nanoor micropatterning. Techniques for polymers fabricating on nanoand micro-length scales span a wide range, from improved conventional lithographic methods to more recent materials and chemical advances that rely on self-organization of block copolymer. In addition to traditional methods, there are a number of techniques used exclusively in polymer materials processing. The most famous of them include molding, writing and printing, laser scanning, self-organization and surface instabilities utilization.

Design and modelling of the integrated polymer microring resonators on silicon substrate

We report about new polymer optical microresonators (OM) optical filters designed for operating wavelengths 1550 nm and filtering out wavelength 1490 nm. The first step was to design a single mode polymer waveguide by using BeamPROP™ software and after that a microring resonators were designed by Finite-Difference Time-Domain method using FullWAVE™ software. We also did modelling of three types of polymer waveguides for MR design structures. For all the structures we used Epoxy Novolak Resin polymer as core waveguide layer deposited on silicon substrate with a buffer layer between them. Three types of buffer layer were used - silica, Polymethylmethacrylate or Cytop layer while PMMA or Cytop were used as cover protection layer. Waveguides without cover protection layer were designed as well. Modelling of a single OM shows that the signal at 1490 nm is not sufficiently filtered out while the triple OM has sufficient transmission characteristics.

Bismuth(III) doped polymer layers for telecommunication applications

Bismuth(III)-doped Epoxy Novolak Resin as a novel promising photonics material was designed for applications in 1310 nm. The samples was fabricated by spin-coating and its optical properties are evaluated in the terms on Bismuth(III) concentration.

Design and Construction of a VHGT-Attached WDM - Type Triplex Transceiver Module Using Polymer PLC Hybrid Integration Technology

We report about design and construction of the bidirectional transceiver module for subscriber part of the passive optical network PON for a fiber to the home FTTH topology. The TRx module consists of a epoxy novolak resin polymer planar lightwave circuit PLC hybrid integration technology with volume holographic grating triplex filter VHGT, surface-illuminated photodetectors and spot-size converted Fabry-Perot laser diode in SMD package. The hybrid PLC has composed from a two parts - polymer optical waveguide and VHGT filter section and a optoelectronic microwave section. The both parts are placed on the composite substrate.