Vitezslav Jerabek

Optical and Spectroscopic Properties of Polymer Layers Doped with Rare Earth Ions

This chapter deals with description properties of a number of Rare-Earth (RE) ions in polymer materials. The list of the RE elements with some of its basic properties are shown in Table 1. The electronic structure of each trivalent RE element consists of partially filled 4f subshell, and outer 5s2 and 5p6 subshell. With increasing nuclear charge electrons enter into the underlying 4f subshell rather than the external 5d subshell. Since the filled 5s2 and 5p6 subshells screen the 4f electrons, the RE elements have very similar chemical properties. The screening of the partially filled 4f subshells, by the outer closed 5s2 and 5p6 subshell, also gives rise to sharp emission spectra independent of the host materials. The intra-subshell transitions of 4f electrons lead to narrow absorption peaks in the ultra-violet, visible, and near-infrared regions.

Design and construction of a VHGT-attached WDM-type triplex transceiver module using polymer PLC hybrid integration technology

We report about design and construction of the bidirectional transceiver TRx module for subscriber part of the passive optical network PON for a fiber to the home FTTH topology. The TRx module consists of a epoxy novolak resin polymer planar lightwave circuit (PLC) hybrid integration technology with volume holographic grating triplex filter VHGT, surface-illuminated photodetectors and spot-size converted Fabry-Pérot laser diode in SMD package. The hybrid PLC has composed from a two parts-polymer optical waveguide including VHGT filter section and a optoelectronic microwave section. The both parts are placed on the composite substrate.

Design and optimization of the silver nanograting structure utilizing surface plasmon-polariton for increase of SERS sensor response

This paper reports on the design of the surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) structures that were optimized through computation and simulation to obtain the best enhancement of the surface plasmon-polariton (SPP) response on these structures. The structure of the silver nano-grating was designed, fabricated, optimized and measured. The enhancement factor and the increase in the absorption capabilities associated with SPP were evaluated. The rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA) and finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) computational/simulation methods were utilized. The comparison between the computation simulation outputs and the measured outputs of the fabricated samples was performed.

Polymer planar optical waveguides for optical interconnections

The paper reports on technology for realization of an optical planar waveguides for optical interconnections. The waveguiding properties were measured by dark mode spectroscopy and optical loss were measured by the fiber probe technique.

Micro-optical insertion system for WDM transceiver

The paper deals with the design of an micro-optical part of a WDM transceiver based on the circle volume holographic grating triplexer (VHGT) topology. The work is focused on detail description of the bidirectional micro-optical insertion system, especially on the coupling in the transmission direction of the WDM transceiver optical part. This micro-optical wavelength distribution system is imagine transmission system consisted of collimating cylindrical lenses set in the circle topology with the VHGT filter placed in the middle of the circle. The topology is described by ray matrices equations, calculated using analytic and numeric methods and optically measured. Considering simulation and measurement results of micro-optical insertion system the influence of these characteristics on ray path attenuation, diffraction efficiency and transceiver performance is estimated. The paper also discusses limits and conditions of the laser asymmetrical beam focus into the input/output optical fiber.

Design and modelling of the integrated polymer microring resonators on silicon substrate

We report about new polymer optical microresonators (OM) optical filters designed for operating wavelengths 1550 nm and filtering out wavelength 1490 nm. The first step was to design a single mode polymer waveguide by using BeamPROP™ software and after that a microring resonators were designed by Finite-Difference Time-Domain method using FullWAVE™ software. We also did modelling of three types of polymer waveguides for MR design structures. For all the structures we used Epoxy Novolak Resin polymer as core waveguide layer deposited on silicon substrate with a buffer layer between them. Three types of buffer layer were used - silica, Polymethylmethacrylate or Cytop layer while PMMA or Cytop were used as cover protection layer. Waveguides without cover protection layer were designed as well. Modelling of a single OM shows that the signal at 1490 nm is not sufficiently filtered out while the triple OM has sufficient transmission characteristics.

Bismuth(III) doped polymer layers for telecommunication applications

Bismuth(III)-doped Epoxy Novolak Resin as a novel promising photonics material was designed for applications in 1310 nm. The samples was fabricated by spin-coating and its optical properties are evaluated in the terms on Bismuth(III) concentration.

The hybrid photonic planar integrated receiver with a polymer optical waveguide

This article describes design of the photonic receiver composed of the system polymer planar waveguides, InGaAs p-i-n photodiode and integrated HBT amplifier on a low loss composite substrate. The photonic receiver was the main part of the hybrid integrated microwave optoelectronic transceiver TRx (transciever TRx) for the optical networks PON (passive optical networks) with FTTH (fiber-to-the-home) topology. In this article are presented the research results of threedimensional field between output facet of a optical waveguide and p-i-n photodiode. In terms of our research, there was optimized the optical coupling among the facet waveguide and pi-n photodiode and the electrical coupling among p-i-n photodiode and input of HBT amplifier. The hybrid planar lightwave circuit (PLC) of the transceiver TRx will be composed from a two parts - polymer optical waveguide including VHGT filter section and a optoelectronic microwave section.

Design and Construction of a VHGT-Attached WDM - Type Triplex Transceiver Module Using Polymer PLC Hybrid Integration Technology

We report about design and construction of the bidirectional transceiver module for subscriber part of the passive optical network PON for a fiber to the home FTTH topology. The TRx module consists of a epoxy novolak resin polymer planar lightwave circuit PLC hybrid integration technology with volume holographic grating triplex filter VHGT, surface-illuminated photodetectors and spot-size converted Fabry-Perot laser diode in SMD package. The hybrid PLC has composed from a two parts - polymer optical waveguide and VHGT filter section and a optoelectronic microwave section. The both parts are placed on the composite substrate.

Optical properties of Dy3+ doped epoxy novolak resin

We report about properties of epoxy novolak resin polymer doped with dysprosium ions. The polymer layers were fabricated by spin-coating onto silicon substrates, or pouring epoxy novolak resin solution into bottomless molds placed on a quartz substrate and leaving them to dry. Rather strong bands around 3366 cm-1 in the infrared spectra indicated presence of the O-H groups. Absorption measurements were done in the spectral range from 300 nm to 3000 nm and showed six strong bands at 758 nm (6F3/2), 807 nm (6F5/2), 906 nm (6F7/2), 1100 nm (6F9/2), 1280 nm (6F11/2) and 1685 nm (6H11/2) corresponding to Dy3+ ions. Optical band gap Eg was determined from the absorption coefficient values using Taucs procedure, i.e., from the relationship αhv = A(hv - Eg)2 and the obtained values varied from 3.489 eV to 3.539 eV depending on the amount of dysprosium ions involved in the samples. Photoluminescence spectra around 1300 nm were investigated by using excitation of He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) and two semiconductor lasers (980 nm and 827 nm).