J.G. Caramori Júnior

Variação aniônica da dieta sobre características ósseas de frangos de corte: resistência à quebra, composição orgânica e mineral

This study was carried out in order to evaluate the bone chemical composition and breaking force resistance of tibiotarsus birds at 21 days of age. The bone percentage of colagenous proteins (CP), non colagenous proteins (NCP) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, potassium and sodium) was analyzed. A total of 650 commercial male broiler chicks were fed corn and soybean diets. A completely randomized block design with five replications of 26 birds per experimental unit was used. The treatments consisted of the basal ration supplemented with NH4Cl in order to obtain five levels (-50; 0; 50; 100 and 150mEq/kg) of electrolyte balance. The EB level affected the percentages of phosphorus, potassium and sodium, PC and PNC, Ca: P relation and breaking force resistance. The reduction of EB diets at levels below 150mEq/kg will affect negatively the mineralization and bone resistance. The breaking force of tibiotarsus is not correlated with the mineral concentration individually, but correlates negatively with the concentration of collagenous and non-collagenous proteins.

Desempenho e características bioquímicas de leitões submetidos a dietas com aditivos probióticos, prebióticos, simbióticos e antibióticos

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance and biochemical parameters in weaned piglets using alternative supplements to replace antibiotics. A total of 480 male pigs were used, randomly distributed in delineation with five treatments. The feed was based on corn, soybean meal and a commercial core for piglets. The treatments were T1: diet without supplements or basal diet, T2: basal diet with antibiotics, T3: basal diet with added probiotic, T4: basal diet with added probiotic and T5: basal diet with addition of symbiotic. In the experiment we evaluated performance characteristics, body weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion. In the second part of the experiment, we evaluated the biochemical parameters of piglets used in the first experiment, fifty blood samples, ten samples of each treatment, were taken, and after separation of the clot, the serum was frozen at -20°C. Subsequently we analyzed the serum levels of total protein, albumin, globulin, albumin/globulin, ALP, creatinine, alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma glutamyltransferase, cholesterol, urea, calcium, phosphorus and calcium/phosphorus ratio. No significant differences in biochemical parameters or in the performance of piglets submitted to different diets were found.

Mananoligossacarídeo e ß-glucano em dietas de leitões desmamados

Avaliou-se o efeito da suplementacao de mananoligossacarideo, s-glucano e antibiotico em dietas de leitoes machos castrados, durante a fase de creche (21 aos 54 dias de idade), sobre o desempenho, caracteristicas morfo-histologicas da mucosa intestinal e ocorrencia de diarreia. Foram utilizados 368 leitoes de mesma linhagem, distribuidos em delineamento inteiramente ao acaso, com quatro tratamentos (1: 330g de mananoligossacarideo t/racao (oriundos do nucleo), 2: 1.830g de mananoligossacarideo t/racao (330g oriundos do nucleo + 1.550g da suplementacao), 3: 330g de mananoligossacarideo (oriundos do nucleo) + 500g de s-glucano t/racao e 4: 330g de mananoligossacarideo (oriundos do nucleo) + 250g de Colistina t/racao) e quatro repeticoes com 23 animais por unidade experimental. O desempenho foi avaliado pelo ganho de peso, consumo de racao e conversao alimentar. As caracteristicas morfo-histologicas da mucosa intestinal estudadas foram altura de vilosidade, profundidade das criptas intestinais, perimetro de vilosidade e a relacao altura de vilosidade:profundidade de cripta do duodeno, jejuno e ileo. A ocorrencia de diarreia foi observada diariamente pela avaliacao de escore fecal. A suplementacao de mananoligossacarideo, β-glucano e antibiotico na dieta de leitoes machos castrados, na fase de creche, nao influenciaram o desempenho e a ocorrencia de diarreia. Maior altura de vilosidade e maior profundidade de criptas no duodeno e ileo foram verificadas nos animais suplementados com s-glucano. No jejuno foi observado maior perimetro de vilosidade nos animais suplementados com s-glucano e nos animais que nao receberam suplemento adicional na dieta.

Características de carcaça de codornas de corte EV1 alimentadas com diferentes níveis de metionina+cistina total

Carcass weight and yield of European quail strain EV1 were evaluated at 35 days of age in a completely randomized experimental design, with the treatments consisting of a 2 x 6 factorial combination, two sexes and six different methionine+cystine levels of diets (.73; .79; .85; .91; .97 and 1.03%), with four replicates and 12 quails per experimental unit. Body weight, weights and yields of carcass, breast, thigh, wing and, edible giblets and abdominal fat were recorded. Significant and quadratic effect of methionine+cystine level on body weight, weights of carcass, breast, thigh and heart were observed with estimated maximum of body weight and weights of carcass, breast and thigh for quails fed .93% methionine+cystine diets, .90% for wing weight and .92% for heart weight. Increasing and linear response of liver weight to methionine+cystine level of diet was estimated while breast and wing yields showed quadratic responses with estimated maximum for quails fed .96% and .98% methionine+cystine level diets. Higher gizzard yield was observed for quails fed .73% diets. Higher body weight, and weights of carcass, thigh, wing, liver, gizzard and liver yields were estimated for females. Methionine+cystine requirement for quail carcass and breast weights is .93% and for breast yield .96%.

Aspectos sanitários e produtivos das unidades de terminação suinicolas do Estado de Mato Grosso, Brasil

The present study examined health and productive aspects of swine Finishing Units (FU) in Mato Grosso State, Brazil. Data were collected by the official Institute of Agricultural Protection of Mato Grosso State, considering 55 finishing farms, distributed in 18 municipalities in the period from December 2005 to January 2006. The data were described and analyzed by the Spearman correlation test, according to the number of animals per FU, productive aspects, health protection systems, control of potential pathogen carriers and animal handling. The swine population totaled 74,650 registered animals and 44 TU (80.0%) were in the cerrado region. In regard to the number of pigs, 10.9%, 9.1%, 14%, 18.2%, 21.8% and 25% had 1-10, 11-100, 101-500, 501-1,000, 1,001-2,000 and up to 2,000 pigs respectively. Integrated farms totaled 63.6%, while 89.1% utilized intensive management. The analysis of positive correlations (P < 0.05) were observed in various types of farms, with relation to: veterinary care, all-in all-out systems, carcass incineration, fire sweeping, composting, masonry and wood buildings, consumption of self-produced and commercial food, water supply by dam, river or streams, and fly control. With different correlation levels, numerous deficits were detected in the health management in various segments of the FUs, so biosecurity issues of farms in Mato Grosso State should be revised, in order to assess their degree of vulnerability.