Jae Hyung Kim

Bilateral accessory inferior turbinates and secondary middle turbinates

Bifid inferior nasal turbinates—two inferior turbinates with a single root observed in the nasal cavity—are an extremely rare anatomical variation, especially when they are observed bilaterally and exist with other variations. We report a case of bilateral bifid inferior nasal turbinates with bilateral secondary middle turbinates. We discuss the findings of this rare condition and suggest an appropriate term—accessory inferior turbinate—to replace bilateral inferior turbinate by reason of its embryology.