James M. Biedenbach

Acute Toxicity Testing and Culture Methods for Calanoid Copepods in Water Column (Elutriate) Toxicity Evaluations

Dredged material must be physically, chemically, and toxicologically evaluated according to the Marine Protection Research and Sanctuaries Act (MPRSA 40 CFR Part 227) before placement in open waters. The MPRSA requires bioassay testing of a marine organism representing zooplankton to evaluate the potential for water column impacts. Currently, commonly used standard methods include testing of echinoderm and bivalve embryos. However, those organisms are only planktonic during their larval stage. Truly planktonic marine invertebrate species such as copepods, cladocerans, and rotifers are more relevant as they inhabit the water column during their entire life cycle. Thus, they better represent zooplankton and satisfy the MPRSA zooplankton requirement. Standard methods for copepods, cladocerans and rotifers are available, but are not specific to 48-hour dredged material elutriate toxicity testing. This report provides guidance for acute elutriate toxicity testing method for calanoid copepods. Also included are refined culturing methods for acquiring viable juveniles (7–11 day old) for testing. The methods within consider two species of calanoid copepods (Acartia tonsa and Pseudodiaptomus pelagicus) but may be applicable to others. DISCLAIMER: The contents of this report are not to be used for advertising, publication, or promotional purposes. Citation of trade names does not constitute an official endorsement or approval of the use of such commercial products. All product names and trademarks cited are the property of their respective owners. The findings of this report are not to be construed as an official Department of the Army position unless so designated by other authorized documents. DESTROY THIS REPORT WHEN NO LONGER NEEDED. DO NOT RETURN IT TO THE ORIGINATOR.