James T. Peach

Economic abundance : an introduction

List of Tables, Figures, and Boxes Acknowledgments and Dedication Preface PART 1. ABUNDANCE: A PRACTICAL GUIDE 1. An Intellectual History of Abundance 2. The Meaning of Abundance 3. Population 4. Resources and the Environment PART 2. INEQUALITY: WHY ABUNDANCE ESCAPES US 5. Inequality: What Games People Play 6. Classism 7. Nationalism 8. Sexism 9. Racism 10. Games People Play: A Summing Up PART 3. POLICIES PROMOTING ABUNDANCE 11. Universal Employment 12. Conclusion and Further Reflection References About the Authors Index.

Income distribution along the United States Border with Mexico: 1970-1990

Abstract This article examines income inequality along the U.S. side of the U.S.‐Mexican border region in the context of national trends toward greater income inequality. The focus is on two questions. First, is there a greater or lesser degree of inequality in the border counties than in the border states or the nation? Second, what changes in income distribution have occurred in the border region in recent decades? Data from three U.S. censuses are used together with various measures of distribution to address these questions. Among the conclusions reached are: (1) income inequality in the border counties is generally greater than in either the border states or the nation; (2) there was some improvement in border county income inequality in the 1970s while the reverse was the case in the 1980s; and (3) the results are not particularly sensitive to the choice of statistical measure of distribution.

Non‐resident enrollment and non‐resident tuition at land grant colleges and universities

Universities around the United States are seeking ways to attract students to their institutions. One possible strategy is to compete for out‐of‐state students. Since an early 1970s examination of the determinants of student migration by Tuckman, there have been several subsequent studies that have either further developed the methodology of the studies or taken some different perspective on the problem. This paper differs from the existing literature in two ways. First, it focuses exclusively on land‐grant institutions. Second, it uses panel data rather than just time‐series or cross‐sectional data. Evidence regarding the impact of historical Black college/university status and regional variations are presented as well. The evidence indicates that quality has more influence on student migration than price, indicates that historical Black college/universities attract fewer out‐of‐state students than other land grant institutions and indicates that there are non‐specific regional differences in land grant institutions’ abilities to attract migrant students.

Oil and Gas Production and Economic Growth in New Mexico

This paper examines the relationship between energy production and economic growth in New Mexico using cross section data for the states 33 counties in Census years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 and 2000. The central question is whether or not New Mexicos counties are subject to the resource curse, a phenomenon documented frequently in the literature. Most empirical studies of the resource curse hypothesis have used national or state level data and a broad definition of natural resources. In contrast, this analysis uses county level data with a focus on oil and gas extraction. The estimated models suggest that oil and gas extraction in New Mexico counties has had a small but positive effect on income, employment and population. Similar results were obtained when the model was estimated for 925 counties in 13 energy producing states for the year 2000.

Sharecropping Chicago Style: The Oppressed Landlord and the Inefficient Peasant

Two recent articles [Basu 1989; Naqvi 1990] demonstrated conditions under which socially profitable technological innovations would not be undertaken by rational profit-maximizing sharetenants or landlords. There are obvious institutionalist objections to such exercises. The articles are of interest, however, because Basu and Naqvi provide, within this theoretical tradition, a demonstration of the simultaneous rejection of technological improvements by both landlord and tenant. Basu and Naqvi deal with the institution of land tenure in which tenants have security of tenure. In both cases, their theoretical work is given greater credibility by an appeal to tenure law in India. Specifically, they cite the Delhi Rent Control Act of 1958, which prohibited the eviction of tenants except under very special circumstances. In this article, we will argue that (1) the tenurial conditions suggested by Basu and Naqvi constitute a very special and limited case and (2) similar results (lack of innovation) can be obtained by assuming more plausible tenurial

Income Distribution in Mexico’s Northern Border States

Abstract A high degree of income inequality has been a persistent and troubling feature of the Mexican economy, but the degree of inequality is far from uniform in different regions of Mexico. Given the growth of the maquiladora industry and proximity to the United States, it is reasonable to anticipate that Mexicos northern border states exhibit a different pattern of inequality than other regions in Mexico. Using data from the 1992, 1994, 1996, 1998 and 2000 surveys of income and expenditures (Encuesta Nacional de Ingresos y Gastos de los Hogares) conducted by INEGI (Instituto Nacional de Estadística, Geografía e Informática), this paper addresses two fundamental questions. First, is the pattern of income distribution in Mexicos northern border states different from that found in other regions of Mexico? Second, has the pattern of income distribution in the border states been changing or has it been relatively stable during the 1992-2000 time period?

Mexico's Changing Distribution of Income?

The Mexican economy experienced three major economic events during the last decade. First, the implementation of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) starting on January 1, 1994, was a major milestone in the opening of the Mexican economy. Second, Mexico suffered its worst economic crisis since the Great Depression in late 1994 and throughout 1995. Third, the U.S. recession beginning in late 2000 resulted in a major decline in Mexican manufacturing employment, particularly in the maquiladora industry, where more than 200,000 jobs were lost between 2000 and 2002 (INEGI 2004). In addition, several major political events occurred during the last decade. On the same day NAFTA came into effect, there was open rebellion in the state of Chiapas. Also in 1994, Mexicos presidential candidate Luis Donaldo Colosio was assassinated in Tijuana in March. Later that year, in September, Mexicos attorney general was assassinated. Mexico selected Vicente Fox as its president in 2000. Fox was the first Mexican president since 1928 who did not belong to the Partido Revolucionario Institucional (PRI). Fox promised substantial economic and political reforms. In brief, Mexico experienced considerable economic and political instability during the last decade. Changes in income distribution often occur slowly over long periods of time, but periods of significant instability may result in distributional effects during the short run. Mexicos political and economic instability during the last decade could be expected to affect its distribution of income in some obvious and not so obvious ways. In this paper, we address three specific questions regarding income distribution in Mexico. First, in what ways, if any, did the distribution of total money income in Mexico change during this turbulent decade? Second, did Mexicos income distribution in urban and rural

United States-Mexico Income Convergence?

US GDP per capita in 2000 was

NAFTA and Mexico's current economic crisis: Short-run and long-run perspectives

34,950 (US Department of Commerce 2001). The corresponding figure for Mexico was

An empirical analysis of the 2014 Major League Baseball season

5,720 (Bank of Mexico 2001).1 The US-Mexico income gap is not a new phenomenon brought about by recent policy trends. Rather, the income gap has been a permanent feature and defining characteristic of the two national economies for at least two centuries. While not a new phenomenon, the income gap is an important contemporary policy issue. Mexicos President, Vicente Fox, has identified the elimination of the income gap as an overriding goal of Mexican national policy. The income convergence question will be examined from two perspectives. First, the US-Mexico income gap will be examined from the perspective of conventional neoclassical growth and international trade theories. The convergence implications of neoclassical theory are important because policy makers are often trained in that tradition. Second, given the enduring character of the income gap, it will be argued that the income gap is an institution that, like other institutions, is resistant to change and will not respond to policies that fail to recognize its institutional character.