Jamil Salleh

Effect of impactor shapes and yarn frictional effects on plain woven fabric puncture simulation

Research in modeling and simulation of woven fabrics has been quite intensive in the past decade. The simulation studies presented confined consideration of crimp and extension roles in the damage deformation process, in particular tensile and puncture. Most simulation works are struggling to relate internal yarn interactions with respective damage modes due to the unit cell approach. Hence, in the present study, an alternative finite element analysis approach was proposed to model yarn crimp and extension response during puncture based on the validated uniaxial tensile and puncture models. Puncture stress–strain, post-impact kinetic energy and damage evolution of full-scale woven fabrics models were evaluated with two impactor shapes and three friction levels. The results show that puncture damage behavior is the critical dependent of the magnitude of impactor shapes and yarn frictional contacts. Good comparisons with the experimental and previous studies demonstrate the approach’s suitability for modeling textile in composites.

Uniaxial failure resistance of square-isotropic 3D woven fabric modelled with finite element analysis

The article presents an extensive experimental test and finite element simulation of plain 1/1 woven fabric subjected to uniaxial loading. Square woven fabric is configured to allow systematic investigation of weave effects under uniaxial tensile load. The geometric fabrics models consisting of warp and weft yarns are imported to finite element analysis package, ABAQUS, for mechanical performance simulation. Simulated and experimental stress-strain validation of plain is reported to have strong positive correlation of 0.9986 and 0.999 in warp and weft direction, respectively. Further analysis is performed on the validated models such as stress distribution groups and maximum stress regions.

Comparison of electrical physical and mechanical properties of textile composites using microwave nondestructive evaluation

Composites are expensive and destructive test methods are normally applied to determine their physical and mechanical properties. For textile composites, a nondestructive test (NDT) could save time and save cost if the physical properties such as moisture content, weave architecture, void content and fiber volume fraction can be deduced from electrical properties. Also, there would be savings if mechanical properties such as tensile stress and elastic modulus could be determined by NDT methods. In this research, microwave NDT (MNDT) techniques such as measurement of complex permittivities are used for correlation with physical and mechanical properties. For textile composites made from E-glass, Kevlar and carbon fiber, we have measured reflection coefficients, transmission coefficients and dielectric properties using a free-space microwave measurement system. Epoxy has been used as a resin. Experimental results are reported for dielectric constants and loss tangents of textile composites. Also, measured physical and mechanical properties of textile composites are reported.

Puncture resistance of nanofilled coated high strength woven fabric

This paper reports on the effects of nanofiller on the puncture resistance of high strength coated woven fabric. High strength Kevlar woven fabric was coated with natural rubber latex (NRL) and carbon nanotube (CNT) (1 phr, 3 phr, 5 phr) filled NRL. The coated fabrics were tested for puncture resistance test and the results were compared with neat fabrics. Three puncture probes with different geometry were used to test the fabrics which were conical probe, ogival probe and hemispherical probe. The NRL coated fabric gave higher puncture resistance in comparison with the neat fabric. The result also showed that the CNT filled influenced the properties of the coated fabric by increasing the resistance to puncture for all probe shapes. The 1 phr CNT turned out to give the highest puncture resistance. Among the puncture probe geometry, the hemispherical probe gave the highest puncture resistance in comparison with the ogival and conical probe.

Tensile and Flexural Properties of Composites Made from Spinning Waste

ABSTRACT Spinning especially combed yarn produces considerable waste fibre. These fibres are sold at very low price for fillings. An investigation of converting these wastes to some form of value-added material was successful in forming a composite material made from natural fibre. Cotton combing noils and blowing waste were fabricated into thin composite boards using polyester resin at room temperature utilising a compression method. Tests on tensile and flexure properties of these composites were evaluated against 100% polyester resin plaques. It was found that composites made from cotton waste were stronger than polyester without the reinforcement. Some possible applications of these composites are thin boards or panels that can be used to replace wood and fibre-board products.

Modeling Plain Woven Composite Model with Isotropic Behavior

Research in woven fabric composites modeling and simulation has been extensively done in the past decade. The simulation issue is associated with estimating yarn transverse isotropic property. Most simulation models are attempting to achieve high level of accuracy with unit cell approach. Thus, in the present study, an alternative finite element analysis approach was designed to model uniaxial tensile performance of Kevlar-based plain woven fabric with isotropic material property. The dynamics of a finite element model were investigated at a wide range of mesh levels. The results show that the plain woven fabric failure critically depended on the yarn and woven fabric structure. Good comparisons were achieved with experimental work, and further application in more complex weaves is suggested.

Finite element analysis of impactor shapes effects on puncture damage of plain woven fabric

The article presented finite element analysis work on modelling impactor shape effects on plain woven fabric puncture damage. Woven fabric models were developed with ABAQUS finite element analysis software package. Large scale woven fabric models consisting of 112 yarns in both warp and weft direction were developed with ABAQUS preprocessor module prior to simulation analysis. Woven fabric model development procedure for finite element analysis was based on the validated uniaxial tensile model reported in the earlier publication. Four impactor shapes for the simulation were flat, hemispherical, conical and ogival. The simulation results were analyzed in terms of stress-strains, post-impact kinetic energy and damage evolution. The research proposed that crimp interchange and yarn extension are two important mechanisms in woven fabric puncture.

The Performance of Tenun Pahang Using Various Weft Yarn

An investigation on the performance of Tenun Pahang fabric properties using new yarns was conducted. Five types of yarns was used as weft which were Tencel, Bamboo, Spun Silk, Polyester, and Polyester Coolmax. All fabrics were woven using silk warp yarns. The new weft yarns were evaluated against Tenun Pahang made from 100 % silk. Seven properties were evaluated including weight, thickness, thread density, abrasion resistance, crease recovery, drapability, and stiffness. The results show that the Polyester Coolmax yarn gives the best properties in term of its density, abrasion resistance, stiffness, and crease recovery angle.

Tensile and tearing strength of uncoated and natural rubber latex coated high strength woven fabrics

This study reports on the tensile and tearing strength of natural rubber latex (NRL) high strength coated fabrics. Plain woven Kevlar 29 fabrics were coated with pre-vulcanised NRL using single-dip, double-dip and triple-dip coating methods. The force needed to break and tear the uncoated and NRL coated fabrics were determined using Testometric Tensile Tester and observations were made on their modes of failure. Besides, a Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FESEM) also been done in order to observe the bonding between fiber and NRL. Overall, the NRL coated fabrics showed higher tensile and tearing strength in comparison with the uncoated fabrics. The tensile strength for the SD-, DD- and TD-coated fabrics were 12%, 8% and 10% higher than the uncoated fabrics respectively. Similarly, the tearing strength for SD-, DD- and TD-coated fabrics were 9%, 12% and 18% higher than the uncoated fabric. After each coating, the fabrics areal density and thickness increases. The NRL film on the fabric surface restricts yarn freedom of movement under loading. It also assists the yarns to bunch together and resist the propagation of tear or break by sharing the load with a greater number of yarns before the fabric is completely failed. Additionally, it can be said that coating with NRL increase the energy absorption and the elasticity characteristics of the coated fabrics and preventing from severe damage during loading.

Modelling yarn frictions with validated uniaxial-puncture plain 1/1 woven fabric models

The article presents simulation work to model puncture impact damage of woven fabric with multitude of yarn frictions settings. Woven fabric models were developed with ABAQUS finite element analysis software package. Large scale woven fabric models consisting of 112 yarns in both warp and weft direction were developed with ABAQUS preprocessor module prior to simulation analysis. Woven fabric model development procedure for finite element analysis was based on the validated uniaxial tensile model reported in the earlier publication. It was found from the simulations that puncture and uniaxial tensile had similar stress-strain behavior especially at low strains. Woven fabric with high yarn friction settings would presence stiffer behavior as opposed to its lower friction settings.