Suzaini Abdul Ghani

Effect of impactor shapes and yarn frictional effects on plain woven fabric puncture simulation

Research in modeling and simulation of woven fabrics has been quite intensive in the past decade. The simulation studies presented confined consideration of crimp and extension roles in the damage deformation process, in particular tensile and puncture. Most simulation works are struggling to relate internal yarn interactions with respective damage modes due to the unit cell approach. Hence, in the present study, an alternative finite element analysis approach was proposed to model yarn crimp and extension response during puncture based on the validated uniaxial tensile and puncture models. Puncture stress–strain, post-impact kinetic energy and damage evolution of full-scale woven fabrics models were evaluated with two impactor shapes and three friction levels. The results show that puncture damage behavior is the critical dependent of the magnitude of impactor shapes and yarn frictional contacts. Good comparisons with the experimental and previous studies demonstrate the approach’s suitability for modeling textile in composites.

Tensile and Flexural Properties of Composites Made from Spinning Waste

ABSTRACT Spinning especially combed yarn produces considerable waste fibre. These fibres are sold at very low price for fillings. An investigation of converting these wastes to some form of value-added material was successful in forming a composite material made from natural fibre. Cotton combing noils and blowing waste were fabricated into thin composite boards using polyester resin at room temperature utilising a compression method. Tests on tensile and flexure properties of these composites were evaluated against 100% polyester resin plaques. It was found that composites made from cotton waste were stronger than polyester without the reinforcement. Some possible applications of these composites are thin boards or panels that can be used to replace wood and fibre-board products.

Modeling Plain Woven Composite Model with Isotropic Behavior

Research in woven fabric composites modeling and simulation has been extensively done in the past decade. The simulation issue is associated with estimating yarn transverse isotropic property. Most simulation models are attempting to achieve high level of accuracy with unit cell approach. Thus, in the present study, an alternative finite element analysis approach was designed to model uniaxial tensile performance of Kevlar-based plain woven fabric with isotropic material property. The dynamics of a finite element model were investigated at a wide range of mesh levels. The results show that the plain woven fabric failure critically depended on the yarn and woven fabric structure. Good comparisons were achieved with experimental work, and further application in more complex weaves is suggested.

Seam Puckering: Analysis and Modeling with Structural Equation Modeling

Research on parameters influencing seam pucker has been quite intensive in the past decade. The difficulties associated with accurate predictions of the interaction between sewing parameters and fabrics properties. Traditional approach of matching variety of sewing parameters with unlimited fabric properties through personal experience has been a challenge in the apparel industry which increased the cost of production due to reprocess or rejection. Hence, in the present study, an alternative mathematical modeling known as Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was proposed to predict the seam puckering grading together with the usage of high end instrumentation for fabric known as Kawabata Evaluation System (KES-F). The KES-F determined 16 parameters related to handle properties of a fabric and SEM produced prediction equation based on a few selected important parameters. The results show that equation by SEM can be used to predict the level of seam puckering of different categories of fabric weights. Good comparisons with the experimental and previous studies demonstrate the ability of the model to be used as a predictive tool for textile materials particularly for seam puckering.

Finite element analysis of impactor shapes effects on puncture damage of plain woven fabric

The article presented finite element analysis work on modelling impactor shape effects on plain woven fabric puncture damage. Woven fabric models were developed with ABAQUS finite element analysis software package. Large scale woven fabric models consisting of 112 yarns in both warp and weft direction were developed with ABAQUS preprocessor module prior to simulation analysis. Woven fabric model development procedure for finite element analysis was based on the validated uniaxial tensile model reported in the earlier publication. Four impactor shapes for the simulation were flat, hemispherical, conical and ogival. The simulation results were analyzed in terms of stress-strains, post-impact kinetic energy and damage evolution. The research proposed that crimp interchange and yarn extension are two important mechanisms in woven fabric puncture.

Surface Appearance Changes of Bio-finished Knitted Fabric

Pilling is one of the common problems that affect the surface appearance change of fabrics. In this study, the application of chitosan as a finishing agent was conducted using pad-dry-cure method on acrylic 1 × 1 rib and cotton interlock fabric. The main aim of this study was to determine the surface properties of knitted fabrics, before and after the chitosan-based treatment. The physical characteristics of the treated fabric such as the percentage of weight loss in abrasion, pilling resistance and its microscopic view were investigated. The pilling resistance was observed using pilling standard grade after some revolution of pilling box. The abrasion resistance was analysed by the percentage of weight loss of the fabric after rubbing. Generally, it can be concluded that the application of chitosan improved the pilling resistance of 1 × 1 rib acrylic as compared to interlock cotton fabric. The pilling formation on the treated fabric’s surface was lower in comparison with the untreated fabric.

Fabric Mechanical Properties: Human Versus Machine Interpretation

Clothing comfort based on fabric mechanical properties was studied by making a comparison between subjective and objective evaluation. The subjective evaluation was done by conducting surveys to 100 working female respondents. The objective evaluation was done by testing the fabric mechanical properties which included drapability, sweat absorbency, stiffness and air permeability. The study aimed to find a correlation on the relationship between human’s comfort interpretation based on hand touch and laboratory testing using mechanical action related to the fabric properties. It was found that good correlations of R 2 values were obtained between human and machine interpretation for stiffness, sweat absorbency and air permeability.

The Performance of Tenun Pahang Using Various Weft Yarn

An investigation on the performance of Tenun Pahang fabric properties using new yarns was conducted. Five types of yarns was used as weft which were Tencel, Bamboo, Spun Silk, Polyester, and Polyester Coolmax. All fabrics were woven using silk warp yarns. The new weft yarns were evaluated against Tenun Pahang made from 100 % silk. Seven properties were evaluated including weight, thickness, thread density, abrasion resistance, crease recovery, drapability, and stiffness. The results show that the Polyester Coolmax yarn gives the best properties in term of its density, abrasion resistance, stiffness, and crease recovery angle.

Modelling yarn frictions with validated uniaxial-puncture plain 1/1 woven fabric models

The article presents simulation work to model puncture impact damage of woven fabric with multitude of yarn frictions settings. Woven fabric models were developed with ABAQUS finite element analysis software package. Large scale woven fabric models consisting of 112 yarns in both warp and weft direction were developed with ABAQUS preprocessor module prior to simulation analysis. Woven fabric model development procedure for finite element analysis was based on the validated uniaxial tensile model reported in the earlier publication. It was found from the simulations that puncture and uniaxial tensile had similar stress-strain behavior especially at low strains. Woven fabric with high yarn friction settings would presence stiffer behavior as opposed to its lower friction settings.

Structural equation modeling of seam failures analysis

The study aims to establish significant fabric and thread mechanical properties that influence seam strength sewn with different parameters using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Fabrics were tested for their mechanical properties using Kawabata Evaluation System (KES) and Fabric Assurance for Simple Test (FAST). Seam was constructed using different types of threads, stitches and needles. It was found that SEM was able to identify the thread and fabric mechanical properties that highly correlated with the seam strength. The selection of these properties gives the apparel manufacture guideline on the best selection of sewing parameters to achieve minimum failure of the seam.