Janice Vazquez

A NEW METHOD OF ACTIVE IMMUNISATION TO AUTOLOGOUS HUMAN TUMOUR TISSUE

Abstract Fourteen volunteers with far-advanced malignant tumours were treated by a method in which an attempt was made to immunise them against their own tumours. The method consisted of chemically coupling the tumour cell to a highly antigenic foreign protein (rabbit gamma-globulin) with bisdiazobenzidine and reinjecting this complex back into the tumour donor. Of the fourteen patients treated, two are alive and have been tumour-free for about 4 years. Biopsy of their tumours revealed necrotic changes. Three patients have shown stabilisation or slow progression of tumour; nine patients have died. Antibodies in high titres directed toward the tumours, were demonstrated by various means in thirteen of these patients.

Production of active immunity to malignant neoplastic tissue. Chemical coupling to an antigenic protein carrier

C3H mice bearing spontaneous mammary adenocarcinomas and methylcholanthrene induced squamous cell carcinomas were immunized actively to their own tumors when their tumor cells were altered, thereby rendering them antigenic. The tumor cells were altered by coupling of human gamma globulin to a tumor cell suspension utilizing bis‐diazobenzidine as a coupling agent. The altered cells then were re‐injected into the animal from which they were taken with complete Freunds adjuvant. An altered host‐tumor relationship was evidenced in the study animals by retardation of tumor growth grossly and increased amounts of necrosis, lymphocytic infiltration, hydropic degeneration and fibrosis on histologic section. Antibodies to tumor cells were detected in the study group following immunization by microprecipitin, Ouchterlony and immunofluorescent techniques. Antibodies were not detectable in sera of control animals immunized with unaltered tumor cells alone in complete Freunds adjuvant.

The indigogenic reaction for histochemical demonstration of sulfatase.

Summary The indigogenic principle has been extended to the histochemical demonstration of sulfatase. The advantage of this substrate is that it affords a precise enzyme localization with no or very slight diffusion and also a simple and direct method for demonstration of this enzyme without the need for a coupling reaction. We are indebted to Mrs. Georgette M. Dunlap for stenographic assistance.

Application of the indigogenic principle for the histochemical demonstration of ribonuclease

Es wurde ein neues Indolsubstrat für die histochemische Demonstration von alkalischer RNase II und saurer RNase II synthetisiert. Dieses Verfahren ist besser, schneller und präziser als die bisherigen Kupplungstechniken.

Erythroleukemic phase of mouse myeloproliferative syndrome

Smears were made of blood and cell suspensions of thymus, spleen, bone marrow, left axillary lymph node, liver, kidney and brain of mice with spontaneous leukemia. They were stained either with Leishmans stain or specifically for hemoglobin with Ralphs stain. The blood and hematopoietic organs from mice with virus‐induced leukemia (Stansly, 1963) were also examined. The presence of large numbers of immature megaloblastoid cells and maturing normoblasts in the hematopoietic organs and the extensive infiltration of these cells into the other organs emphasize the erythroleukemic nature of the disease. The presence of immature myeloid elements in many of the smears suggests that the erythroleukemia is part of a myeloproliferative syndrome.

A histochemical study of immune destruction of the lymphopoietic system

Eine auffallende Zunahme von β-Galactosidase kommt im lymphoetischen Säuger-Gewebe im Zusammenhang mit der immunologischen Auflösung dieses Systems vor. Die hernach auftretende Proliferation retikulärer Zellen steht im Zusammenhang mit der Regeneration dieses Organs. Diese Zellen enthalten eine reichliche Anzahl lysosomatischer Enzyme (z.B. β-Galactosidase).

Serendipitous precise and unique staining of cell nuclei.

Frischgefrorene Gewebesektionen verschiedener Gewebe wurden in Kalium-Eisen-Cyanid bei pH 5,2 inkubiert; dabei wurde eine präzise und einzigartige Färbung nur der Zellnuklei beobachtet. Die Ursache dieser selektiven Kernfärbung ist nicht verständlich, doch stellt sie höchstwahrscheinlich eine Färbung von Ferro-Verbindungen in den Nuklei dar.

Suppression of immunization to tuberculosis and diphtheria by an extract of lymphoid tissue

Dank einer neuen Anwendung von Lymphknotenextrakten (statt Röntgenextrakten, Corticosteroiden, Antilymphozytenserum usw.) wird eine erhebliche Reduktion der immunologischen Reaktion erzielt, wenn die Tiere mit diesen Extrakten vorbehandelt und gleichzeitig mit Antigenen behandelt werden.