Jeanette López-Walle

Factores situacionales y disposicionales como predictores de la ansiedad y autoconfianza precompetitiva en deportistas universitarios

Apoyados en la teoria de la autodeterminacion y la teoria de lasmetas de logro, el objetivo del presente estudio fue poner a prueba dos modelosque examinan secuencialmente las relaciones entre factores situacionales(clima motivacional creado por el entrenador), factores disposicionales(orientaciones de meta y regulaciones motivacionales), y consecuenciasde ansiedad y autoconfianza precompetitivas (considerando sus dimensionesde intensidad y direccion). Tambien se analizo el papel mediador de lasorientaciones de meta y de las regulaciones motivacionales, en la relacionentre el clima motivacional y la ansiedad y autoconfianza precompetitivas.Se utilizo un diseno transversal de recogida de datos; y para probar los modeloshipotetizados se utilizaron modelos de ecuaciones estructurales. 211deportistas universitarios de ambos generos (M = 19.97 anos de edad; DT =2.01) respondieron al PMCSQ-2, al TEOSQ, a la SMS y al CSAI-2R conescala de direccion. Los resultados apoyaron parcialmente los modelos propuestos.Tambien constataron el papel mediador de la orientacion a la tareay de la no motivacion con respecto a la relacion entre el clima de implicacionen la tarea y la ansiedad somatica; mientras que la orientacion a la tareay la motivacion autonoma mediaron parcialmente la relacion entre el climade implicacion en la tarea y direccion de autoconfianza. Los resultados sonanalizados y discutidos en linea con los marcos teoricos de referencia.Based on the self-determination theory and the theory of achievement goal, the main of this study was to test two models that sequentially examining the relationship between situational factors (motivational climate created by the coach), dispositional factors (goal orientations and motivational regulations), and consequences of pre-competitive anxiety and self-confidence (considering its dimensions of intensity and direction). Also was analyzed the mediating role of goal orientations and motivational regulations, in the relationship between motivational climate and precompetitive anxiety and selfconfidence. A cross-sectional design was used for the data collection; and to test the hypothesized model structural equation models were used. 211 college athletes of both genders (M = 19.97 years, SD = 2.01) responded to PMCSQ-2, the TEOSQ, the SMS and the CSAI-2R with direction scale. The results partially supported the proposed models. They also noted the mediating role of task orientation and no motivation regarding the relationship between climate of involvement in the task and somatic anxiety; while task orientation and autonomous motivation partially mediated the relationship between climate of involvement in the task and the direction of self-confidence. The results are analyzed and discussed in line with theoretical frameworks.

Situational and Dispositional Factors that Predict Motivation: a Multilevel Study

This study aimed to test a multilevel mediation model which examined the relationship between the perceived motivational climate created by coaches at team level and motivational regulations towards sport at individual level, as mediated by individual goal orientations. 211 university athletes from 20 teams training in different types of sport completed a battery of instruments that measured the variables included in the model. The statistics significance level was .05. Results of the multilevel mediation model revealed that the task-involving climate at team level positively predicted individual task orientation (γ01 = .77, p .05). The results are in line with previous research that have focused in the study of motivational climate at individual level, but the present study make a novel contribution by providing the perspective of a multilevel mediation model and thereby clarifying the phenomenon at team level.

Adaptación al Español de la Versión Corta del Inventario de Perfeccionismo Multidimensional en el Deporte en Competición

Resumen El objetivo de este trabajo fue validar la adaptacion al espanol de la version corta del Inventario de Perfeccionismo Multidimensional en el Deporte (MIPS) en competicion, analizando su estructura factorial, invarianza factorial en funcion del sexo y del tipo de deporte (individual vs. colectivo), y la validez basada en la relacion con otras variables. Participaron 295 deportistas de alto rendimiento de ambos sexos quienes respondieron al instrumento. Los resultados confirmaron la estructura bifactorial (esfuerzo por la perfeccion, y reacciones negativas ante la imperfeccion), donde cada factor se relaciona de forma independiente con las dimensiones de ansiedad precompetitiva. Tambien se evidencia la equivalencia estructural e invarianza parcial de las saturaciones factoriales del instrumento a traves del sexo y del tipo de deporte, mas no la invarianza de los interceptos. En conclusion se apoya la validez de esta adaptacion para medir el perfeccionismo durante la competicion deportiva. Palabras clave: perfeccionismo, validez, fiabilidad, estudio psicometrico, deporte de competicion Abstract The aim of this study was to validate the adaptation to Spanish of the short version of the Multidimensional Inventory of Perfectionism in Sport (MIPS) in competitive situation, by analyzing the factorial structure, factorial invariance by gender and type of sport (individual vs. collective), and the validity based on the relationship with other variables. 295 elite athletes of both genders responded to the instrument. The results confirmed the two-factor structure (striving for perfection, and negative reactions to imperfection), and that each factor is independently associated with the dimensions of precompetitive anxiety. They also showed structural equivalence and partial invariance of factor loadings of the inventory across sex and type of sport, but not invariance of intercepts. In conclusion, the validity of this adaptation is supported to measure perfectionism during sport competition. Keywords: perfectionism, validity, reliability, psychometric study, competitive sport

Composición Factorial de la Escala de Ansiedad ante el Envejecimiento de Lasher y Faulkender en Estudiantes Universitarios Mexicanos

In the present study the possibility of replicate the psychometric results proposed by Lasher and Faulkender for Anxiety Aging Scale, in a group of Mexican university students. The total sample comprised 825 participants with a mean age of 20.8 years. All of them were male students of the majors in Physical Education and in Human Motricity offered at the Autonomous University of Chihuahua in Mexico. The factorial structure of the questionnaire was analyzed using confirmatory factor analysis. The psychometric analysis showed that a tetra-factorial structure was adequate since through statistic criteria it showed adequate indicators of reliability and validity. The four factors were: (i) fear of old people; (ii) physical appearance; (iii) fear of losses; and (iv) psychological concerns. In addition to this, factor analysis conducted with subsamples indicated the presence of strong evidence of factor structure stability.