Jefferson Vieira José

Distribution of water in sandy soil applied by drip

The search for the use of water with high levels of efficiency has motivated the use of drip irrigation in several agricultural systems. However, for the efficiency be ensured, it is necessary that the water distribution in the soil profile must to be known in more details. As it is a highly variable process, function of the local characteristics, is essential the study of each case. The objective of this research was evaluating the water distribution in the soil profile, from drippers installed in surface and 0.15 m below the soil surface. The experiment was realized in the Technical Center of Irrigation (TCI) of the State University of Maringa - PR. The water monitoring in the soil profile was done with TDR probes installed in a box containing sandy soil, at the depths from 0.05 to 0.80 m; and 0.05 to 0.35 m of lateral spacing, at intervals of 0.05 m, totalizing 30 probes. The treatments were differentiated in relation of the installation depth of the emitters (0.0 and 0.15 m) and flow (1, 2, 4, 6, and 8 L h-1). The irrigation time was 8 hours continuous with reading of the TDR probes each 30 minutes. The results allowed concluding that the wet area with the emitter positioned on the soil surface was directly proportional to the flow increase. For the underground dripper, this area was substantially smaller and the water losses by percolation were higher, mainly to the flows higher than 4 L h-1, which provided to unacceptable water losses that should be avoided.

Influência da Adição de um Adjuvante à Calda de Pulverização Aérea Sobre a Faixa de Deposição Total

The elderly population is causing reversal of the epidemiological characteristics due to the higher incidence of chronic degenerative diseases. Among these diseases, hypertension is responsible for high morbidity and mortality in this population. Aiming to characterize the incidence of hypertensive elderly population and the care provided in basic health services in municipalities with high elderly incidence, a descriptive study was conducted using obtained data from the Families Register records for the elderly selection that were approached at home. It was found that the city, 59.40% of the subjects had hypertension, 57.40% female, undergoing hypertension treatment (99.30%) on combination therapy (73.70%). Habits of life note: the diet control (91.70%), no consumption of alcoholic beverages (89.90%), not smoking (87.50%) and physical exercise (30.60%). It is concluded that the city offers good support for the elderly health: treatment with drugs prescription, medicine supplies, advice on healthy lifestyle habits to reduce the complicating pathology, good coverage and distribution of antiretroviral drugs by encouraging prescribed therapy and encouraging adherence to treatment.

Daily maximum annual rainfall statistical regionalization in Andalusia

The annual maximum daily rainfall (Amdr) is an important variable to model the runoff, justifying its study. This work aimed at regionalize the Amdr for the region of Andalusia through the spatialization of parameters of the probability distribution. Daily rainfall data between the years of 2001 and 2015 from 56 meteorological stations in Andalusia were evaluated and adjusted to ten probability distributions, as also the possibility of tendencies in the data was explored. The Gumbel II distribution was the one with better results for 20 of the 56 meteorological stations. Decreasing tendencies in three meteorological stations were verified. The Amdr was estimated for the payback periods of 10, 20, 50, 100 and 1000 years, obtaining average values of 76.76, 90.75, 110.79, 127.69 and 201.23 mm, respectively. Maps with the distribution of the parameters α and β of the Gumbel II distribution for Andalusia were obtained, apart from maps with the Amdr distribution for each payback period.