Jeong-Sook Kim

Polarization of Dust Emission in Clumpy Molecular Clouds and Cores

Grain alignment theory has reached the stage where quantitative predictions of the degree of alignment and its variations with optical depth are possible. With the goal of studying the effect of clumpiness on submillimeter and far-infrared polarization, we have computed the polarization due to alignment via radiative torques within clumpy models of cores and molecular clouds. Our models were based on a highly inhomogeneous simulation of compressible MHD turbulence. A reverse Monte Carlo radiative transfer method was used to calculate the intensity and anisotropy of the internal radiation field, and the subsequent grain alignment was computed for a power-law size distribution of grains using the DDSCAT package for radiative torques. The intensity and anisotropy of the intracloud radiation field show large variations throughout the models but are generally sufficient to drive widespread grain alignment. The P-I relations for our models reproduce those seen in observations. We show that the degree of polarization observed is extremely sensitive to the upper grain size cutoff and is less sensitive to changes in the radiative anisotropy. Furthermore, despite a variety of dust temperatures along a single line of sight through our models and among dust grains of different sizes, the assumption of isothermality among the aligned grains does not introduce a significant error. Our calculations indicate that submillimeter polarization vectors can be reasonably good tracers for the underlying magnetic field structure, even for relatively dense clouds (AV ~ 10 to the cloud center). The current predictive power of the grain alignment theory should motivate future polarization observations using the next generation of multiwavelength submillimeter polarimeters such as those proposed for SOFIA.

INTERFEROMETRIC MONITORING OF GAMMA–RAY BRIGHT ACTIVE GALACTIC NUCLEI II: FREQUENCY PHASE TRANSFER

The Interferometric Monitoring of Gamma–ray Bright Active galactic nuclei (iMOGABA) program provides not only simultaneous multifrequency observations of bright gamma–ray detected active galactic nuclei (AGN), but also covers the highest Very Large Baseline Interferometry (VLBI) frequencies ever being systematically monitored, up to 129 GHz. However, observation and imaging of weak sources at the highest observed frequencies is very challenging. In the second paper in this series, we evaluate the viability of the frequency phase transfer technique to iMOGABA in order to obtain larger coherence time at the higher frequencies of this program (86 and 129 GHz) and image additional sources that were not detected using standard techniques. We find that this method is applicable to the iMOGABA program even under non–optimal weather conditions.

INTERFEROMETRIC MONITORING OF GAMMA-RAY BRIGHT AGNs. I. THE RESULTS OF SINGLE-EPOCH MULTIFREQUENCY OBSERVATIONS

We present results of single-epoch very long baseline interferometry (VLBI) observations of gamma-ray bright active galactic nuclei (AGNs) using the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) at 22, 43, 86, and 129~GHz bands, which are part of a KVN key science program, Interferometric Monitoring of Gamma-ray Bright AGNs (iMOGABA). We selected a total of 34 radio-loud AGNs of which 30 sources are gamma-ray bright AGNs with flux densities of

Monitoring of multi-frequency polarization of gamma-ray bright AGNs

>6\times10^{-10}

Millimeter Observation of Black Hole Microquasars: Radio Timing with Korean VLBI Network

~ph~cm

Exploring the Variability of the Flat-spectrum Radio Source 1633+382. II. Physical Properties

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The power of simultaneous multi-frequency observations for mm-VLBI:beyond frequency phase transfer

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A new millimeter VLBI network in Korea

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Monitoring Flaring State in the Black Hole X‐Ray Binary/Microquasars GRS 1915+105 and Cyg X‐3: Radio Timing with the Korean VLBI Network

. Single-epoch multi-frequency VLBI observations of the target sources were conducted during a 24-hr session on 2013 November 19 and 20. All observed sources were detected and imaged at all frequency bands with or without a frequency phase transfer technique which enabled the imaging of 12 faint sources at 129~GHz, except for one source. Many of the target sources are resolved on milliarcsecond scales, yielding a core-jet structure with the VLBI core dominating the synchrotron emission on the milliarcsecond scale. CLEAN flux densities of the target sources are 0.43-28~Jy, 0.32-21~Jy, 0.18-11~Jy, and 0.35-8.0~Jy in the 22, 43, 86, and 129~GHz bands, respectively.

Evolution of the Water Maser Expanding Shell in W75N VLA 2

We started two observing programs with the Korean VLBI Network (KVN) monitoring changes in the flux density and polarization of relativistic jets in gamma-ray bright AGNs simultaneously at 22, 43, 86, 129 GHz. One is a single-dish weekly-observing program in dual polarization with KVN 21-m diameter radio telescopes beginning in 2011 May. The other is a VLBI monthly-observing program with the three-element VLBI network at an angular resolution range of 1.0-9.2 mas beginning in 2012 December. The monitoring observations aim to study correlation of variability in gamma-ray with that in radio flux density and polarization of relativistic jets when they flare up. These observations enable us to study the origin of the gamma-ray flares of AGNs.