Jerome S. Haller

Infant botulism: two recent cases and literature review.

Infant botulism is a cause for significant pediatric morbidity in the United States, though early recognition and supportive care can greatly improve clinical outcomes. Since the approval of human botulism immune globulin by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of infant botulism in 2003, the importance of prompt initiation of therapy has been emphasized, with clinical suspicion remaining the mainstay of diagnosis. In this report, 2 cases of infant botulism are described. Each presented to the Pediatric Neurology service at our institution in Upstate New York in the spring and summer months of 2007 and were felt to be related to markedly dusty environmental conditions and the probable ingestion of C. botulinum organisms present in soil. Following this, a comprehensive review of the literature regarding infant botulism in the United States is presented, wherein the pathophysiology, clinical features, epidemiology, and treatment are discussed.

Assessing short-term recognition memory with forced-choice psychophysical methods

The rationale and methodology for using computer-controlled forced-choice psychophysical methods to assess short-term recognition memory in human subjects are presented. Here, we use non-verbal computer-synthesized auditory and visual stimuli with an adaptive psychophysical procedure. Sequence-length thresholds (SLTs, span lengths) for randomly generated binary auditory and visual-sequential patterns and simultaneous visual-spatial patterns are determined to assess short-term memory capacity. The SLTs can also be used to equate for initial retention level for delayed matching-to-sample (DMS) or delayed matching-to-non-sample (DMNS) tasks which assess memory decay. The DMS/DMNS tasks have also been modified for use with the forced-choice paradigm. In contrast to many verbal paradigms requiring immediate ordered recall, non-verbal stimuli in a forced-choice paradigm provide a more direct measure of sensory memory because long-term memory, complex encoding/decoding processes, and motor-sequencing factors are minimized or avoided. Furthermore, the forced-choice recognition memory tasks are applicable over a broad age range, are less sensitive to socio-economic factors and educational level, and avoid complex instructions. Taken together, these factors enhance the applicability of these tasks in children and adults with CNS lesions, particularly where cognitive status may be compromised.

Gradenigo syndrome as presenting sign of T-cell lymphoma

Gradenigo syndrome is an uncommonly observed neurologic complex consisting of cranial nerve VI palsy associated with the loss of the sensory component of cranial nerve V. We report a patient whose presentation with Gradenigo syndrome led to the unexpected diagnosis of T-cell lymphoma and briefly discuss Gradenigo syndrome and intracranial lymphomas.

Intraoperative Neurophysiological Monitoring, second edition, A.R. Møller. Humana Press, Totowa, NJ, USA (2006), 349 pages, US

It sounds good when knowing the intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring in this website. This is one of the books that many people looking for. In the past, many people ask about this book as their favourite book to read and collect. And now, we present hat you need quickly. It seems to be so happy to offer you this famous book. It will not become a unity of the way for you to get amazing benefits at all. But, it will serve something that will let you get the best time and moment to spend for reading the book.

135, ISBN: 1-58829-703-9

As mentioned above, torticollis has not been reported as a symptom of moyamoya disease, and this disease is not known as a cause of torticollis. It has been reported that the persistent low cerebral blood flow induced by this disease can lead to progressive mental disturbance.’ If the diagnosis were established while the patient was suffering from torticollis only, the mental prognosis would be improved, and severe brain infarction might be avoided. In general, torticollis associated with congenital muscle contracture in infancy has been carefully observed and the therapeutics have been established. Torticollis after infancy is heterogeneous, and the treatment is difficult. If torticollis is observed, we must consider the possibility that the cause is moyamoya disease, which would give a favorable prognosis for both torticollis and moyamoya dis-