Jinbao Yao

Inheritance of stem strength and its correlations with culm morphological traits in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Yao, J., Ma, H., Zhang, P., Ren, L., Yang, X., Yao, G., Zhang, P. and Zhou, M. 2011. Inheritance of stem strength and its correlations with culm morphological traits in wheat ( Triticum æestivum L.). Can. J. Plant Sci. 91: 1065-1070. The genetic effect of stem strength and its correlation with culm morphological traits were investigated in a 7×7 diallel cross of wheat involving seven parents (Ningmai 8, Ningmai 9, Yangmai 5, Yangmai 9, Yangmai 11, Sumai 3, and Wangshuibai) during the crop season of 2009-2010. Significant differences were observed among genotypes for stem strength. The estimates of general combining ability (GCA) pointed out that the best general combiners for stem strength were Ningmai 8 and Yangmai 9. The additive-dominance model was adequate for stem strength, and it was controlled by the over dominance type of gene action. Ningmai 8, followed by Yangmai 5, possessed maximum recessive genes, whereas Wangshuibai had maximum dominant genes. Stem strength could be controlled by three genes with low narrow sense heritability. A statistical analysis showed that stem strength is highly significantly correlated with nine culm morphological traits except for diameter of the first basal internode.

al., 2004; Munir et al., 2007; Ali et al., 2008)

The inheritance of grain yield plant-1 and its correlation with other yield components were investigated in a diallel cross of seven wheat parents during the crop season of 2011-2012. Mean square of GCA effect was 2.90 for grain yield plant-1, which was highly significant (P<0.01), indicating that additive effect played important role in the inheritance of the trait. SCA effect was also highly significant (P<0.01) for grain yield plant-1 (0.68), suggesting that the trait was also controlled by non-additive effect. The estimates of GCA showed that the best combiner for grain yield plant-1 was Ningmai 9. The additive-dominance model was partially adequate for grain yield plant-1 and it was controlled by the over dominance type of gene action. Ningmai 8 possessed maximum dominant genes, whereas Yangmai 9 had maximum recessive genes. Grain yield plant-1 might be controlled by two groups of genes and exhibited moderately high value of narrow sense heritability (h2N=69.51%). The statistical analysis revealed that grain yield plant-1 was positively and significantly correlated with tillers plant-1 (rp=0.584, rg=0.595) and number of grains spike-1 (rp=0.528, rg=0.507) at phenotypic and genotypic levels

Enhancement of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Sharp Eyespot in Gastrodianin Transgenic Wheat: Enhancement of Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight and Sharp Eyespot in Gastrodianin Transgenic Wheat

天麻抗真菌蛋白Gastrodianin在体外可以抑制多种病原真菌的生长。为检验转 Gastrodianin 基因小麦对真菌病害的抗性，采用基因枪法将由 ubiquitin 启动子驱动的 Gastrodianin 基因导入小麦品种扬麦158和Alondra, 获得14株纯合的转基因株系。外源基因的PCR检测、染色体荧光原位杂交、半定量RT-PCR分析结果表明，外源 Gastrodianin 基因在转基因小麦T 5 代植株中已经纯合并有不同水平的表达；赤霉病和纹枯病抗性鉴定结果显示， Gastrodianin 基因的表达能抑制病原菌在转基因植株中生长，从而减轻病原菌引起的病症发展，且两种病害的减轻程度与 Gastrodianin 基因的表达水平正相关。