Jiří Malíček

Lichens of the Virgin Forest Reserve Žofínský Prales (Czech Republic) and Surrounding Woodlands

Abstract Malíček, J. & Palice, Z. 2013. Lichens of the virgin forest reserve Žofínský prales (Czech Republic) and surrounding woodlands. — Herzogia 26: 253–292. Žofín virgin forest in the Novohradské hory Mts is one of the most valuable woodland localities in the Czech Republic. This old reserve covering 102 ha is dominated by beeches, spruces, and silver firs. We have explored the nature reserve (its virgin forest including the protection zone) as well as managed forests and avenues in the surrounding area. Žofínský prales nature reserve is currently the area with the highest diversity of epiphytic and epixylic lichens in the Czech Republic. In total, 312 lichenized, 14 lichen-allied and 11 lichenicolous fungi species were recorded in a broad area of Zofin woodland region. 267 species altogether were recorded from the reserve, including three recently published taxa not confirmed by us. Fifteen lichenized fungi (Arthonia excipienda, Biatora ligni-mollis, Candelariella xanthostigmoides, Cliostomum leprosum, Fellhanera gyrophorica, Fuscidea pusilla, Lecania croatica, Lecanora thysanophora, Lecidella subviridis, Micarea parva, Mycobilimbia pilularis, Opegrapha trochodes, Rhaphidicyrtis trichosporella, Rinodina degeliana and R. excrescens) and two lichen-allied fungi often associated with algae (Kirschsteiniothelia aethiops and Peridiothelia filiguncta) are reported for the first time from the Czech Republic. Several suboceanic species, and many rare and critically endangered lichens regarded sometimes as old-growth indicator species, have been recorded. Macrolichens are relatively rare in the reserve in comparison to similar habitats in the neighbouring Šumava Mts. The reserve serves as an important source of diaspores for surrounding woodlands. Several rare lichens appear to have spread from the virgin forest into the surrounding “old” forests (which are more or less extensively managed). Fortysix interesting, rare or poorly known lichenized and lichen-allied taxa are discussed in more detail, sometimes amended with additional records from other regions of the Czech Republic and Slovakia. Five species are new for Slovakia (Agonimia flabelliformis, Biatora albohyalina, B. mendax, Lecidella subviridis and Rinodina degeliana).

New Lichen Records and Rediscoveries from the Czech Republic and Slovakia

Abstract: Malíček, J., Palice, Z. & Vondrák, J. 2014. New lichen records and rediscoveries from the Czech Republic and Slovakia. — Herzogia 27: 257–284. Despite over two centuries of fairly intensive study, the lichen flora of Central European countries is still incompletely known. Based on revision of herbarium material and new field work, we report thirty-four species from the Czech Republic for the first time, and twenty-two from Slovakia. Caloplaca brachyspora, Micarea confusa and Sclerophora amabilis are new to Central Europe. Caloplaca alaskensis is reported outside the Arctic for the first time. Other noteworthy records worth of mention are e.g. Arthonia incarnata, Bacidina etayana, Biatora pontica, Bryoria furcellata, Candelariella lutella, C. viae-lactae, Metamelanea caesiella, Peccania cernohorskyi, Rhizoplaca melanophthalma, Thelocarpon imperceptum, Verrucaria ulmi and Xanthoria papillifera. Eight species (mainly from lowland forests) have not been found over 70 or more years from the territory of the Czech Republic or Slovakia. Four species were reported in the past but were omitted from the current national checklists. Other species new to the explored countries are Bacidia pycnidiata, Bacidina brandii, B. saxenii, B. sulphurella, Buellia arborea, Caloplaca arcis, C. dichroa, C. tominii, C. xerica, Candelaria pacifica, Candelariella plumbea, Catillaria fungoides, Cladonia novochlorophaea, Collolechia caesia, Dendrographa decolorans, Fellhanera viridisorediata, Lecania sordida, Lecidea sphaerella, L. strasseri, Lecidella albida, Leptogium intermedium, Micarea globulosella, M. nowakii, Normandina acroglypta, Peltigera extenuata, Reichlingia leopoldii, Rhizocarpon timdalii, Rhizoplaca subdiscrepans, Rinodina capensis, Schismatomma umbrinum, Sclerococcum griseisporodochium, Thelocarpon citrum, Verrucaria beltraminiana, V. breussii, V. fuscovelutina, V. phloeophila, and Xylographa pallens. ITS rDNA was used to confirm the identity of Caloplaca alaskensis and C. arcis. The lichen diversity of Central European countries and their phytogeographical connections are briefly discussed.

Epiphytic Lichens of Stužica (E Slovakia) in the Context of Central European Old-Growth Forests

Abstract: Vondrák, J., Malíček, J., Šoun, J. & Pouska, V. 2015. Epiphytic lichens of Stužica (E Slovakia) in the context of Central European old-growth forests. — Herzogia 28: 104–126. Based on recent lichen inventories, we report 230 epiphytic and epixylic species in the Slovakian old-growth beech-dominated Stužica forest. Microlichens represent 75% of species. By comparison, lichen lists of only three other Central European forests exceed 200 species, and none of them reached 230. Lichen diversity is very unequally distributed in Stužica; the extensive south-facing slopes are poor in species, whereas damp brook valleys and upper parts of slopes above 1000 m alt. are rich. Some rare macrolichens were collected in Stužica about 50 years ago but could not be relocated during the present survey. Twelve species are new to Slovakia: Epigloea urosperma, Graphis macrocarpa, Kirschsteiniothelia recessa, Lecidea sanguineoatra, Lepraria ecorticata, Micarea nigella, Opegrapha trochodes, Parmotrema arnoldii, Pertusaria waghornei, Ramonia chrysophaea, Sclerophora amabilis and Tetramelas chloroleucus. Three recorded species were considered regionally extinct in Slovakia: Arthonia byssacea, Sclerophora coniophaea and Sclerophora farinacea.

Contribution to the Lichen Biota of the Romanian Carpathians

Abstract: Malíček, J., Bouda, F., Liška, J., Palice, Z. & Peksa, O. 2015. Contribution to the lichen biota of the Romanian Carpathians. — Herzogia 28: 713–735. We present floristic data from 82 localities mainly from eight mountain ranges of the Romanian Carpathians (Făgăraş, Parâng, Cindrel, Harghita, Hăşmaş, Bihor, Maramureş and Rodna). The main habitats investigated were subalpine and alpine communities, beech and spruce forests, and limestone areas at lower altitudes. During four field expeditions, 364 lichenized and three lichenicolous fungi were recorded. Thirty-seven taxa are new for Romania. Biatora subduplex, Helocarpon pulverulum, Lecanora filamentosa, L. flavoleprosa, Lecidea huxariensis, Leucocarpia biatorella, Myriospora dilatata, Pertusaria borealis, Placynthium dolichoterum, Reichlingia leopoldii, Rhizocarpon carpaticum and Vezdaea stipitata are new for southeastern Europe. Lecanora flowersiana is reported for the first time from Europe. Candelariella commutata, Cetrelia chicitae, Lecanora cinereofusca, Leptogium hildenbrandii, Psoroma tenue var. borealis, Rinodina roscida and Usnea longissima are either phytogeographically remarkable or very rare taxa.

Exploiting hot-spots; effective determination of lichen diversity in a Carpathian virgin forest

Although lichenized fungi are among the most reliable indicators of forest quality and represent a considerable part of forest biodiversity, methods maximizing completeness of their species lists per area are lacking. Employing a novel methodological approach including a multi-expert competition and a search for local hot-spot plots, we have obtained outstanding data about epiphytic lichen biota in a part of the largest Central European virgin forest reserve Uholka–Shyrokyi Luh situated in Ukrainian Carpathians. Our field research consisted of two four-day periods: (1) an overall floristic survey and a search for spots with raised lichen diversity, and (2) survey in four one-hectare plots established in lichen diversity hot-spots along an altitudinal gradient. Recorded alpha-diversities in plots ranged from 181–228 species, but estimated species richness is in the range 207–322 species. Detected gamma-diversity was 387 species; estimates are 409–484 species. 93% of the species found in the forest were recorded in plots, but only 65% outside the plots. This underlines the high-efficiency of the multi-expert competitive survey in diversity hot-spot plots. Species richness in each one-hectare plot was equal to the numbers of species obtained by floristic surveys of much larger old-growth forest areas in Central Europe. Gamma-diversity detected in the Uholka primeval forest far exceeded all numbers achieved in Central European old-growth forests. Our method appears to be both effective (it obtains a more nearly complete inventory of species) and practical (the resources required are not unreasonably large).

Uholka Primeval Forest in the Ukrainian Carpathians – A Keynote Area for Diversity of Forest Lichens in Europe

Abstract: Malíček, J., Palice, Z., Acton, A., Berger, F., Bouda, F., Sanderson, N. & Vondrák, J. 2018. Uholka primeval forest in the Ukrainian Carpathians — a keynote area for diversity of forest lichens in Europe. — Herzogia 31: 140–171. One of the largest European primeval forests, Uholka-Shyrokyi Luh in the Ukrainian Carpathians, has received increased attention in recent years. In spring 2015 we explored the lichen biota in the southern part of the reserve. Species richness of epiphytic and epixylic lichens presented in this paper far exceeds all numbers achieved in other Central European old-growth forests. In total, 370 lichenized and lichen-allied fungi and 30 lichenicolous fungi were recorded. We focused on forest lichens on organic substrata, inorganic substrata were largely ignored. Species composition in the Uholka forest includes many rare taxa and typical old-growth forest species: e.g. Cetrelia spp., Gyalecta spp., Leptogium saturninum, Lobaria pulmonaria, Ricasolia amplissima, Sclerophora farinacea, S. pallida, Thelopsis flaveola and T. rubella. Opegrapha fumosa, Pyrenula chlorospila and P. dermatodes represent oceanic species that are very rare outside western Europe. Biatora longispora, Calicium montanum, Menegazzia subsimilis, Micarea perparvula, Ochrolechia trochophora, Pyxine sorediata, Ramonia luteola and Thelotrema suecicum are examples of phytogeographically remarkable or generally very rare lichens. Thirty lichenized and ten lichenicolous fungi are new to Ukraine, including Biatora bacidioides and Pertusaria macounii not previously reported from Europe.

Additions to the Lichen Diversity of Macedonia (FYROM)

Abstract: Malíček, J. & Mayrhofer, H. 2017. Additions to the lichen diversity of Macedonia (FYROM). — Herzogia 30: 431–444. Selected localities in Galičica National Park, Matka canyon in the Suva Gora Mountains, Mavrovo National Park, Ohrid Basin, Vardar River valley and Popova Šapka in the Šar Planina Mountains were briefly studied during a field excursion in 2014. Seventy-seven lichenized fungi are reported for the first time from Macedonia (FYROM); eight species (Candelariella aggregata, Halecania viridescens, Lecanora albula, Lepraria diffusa, Normandina acroglypta, Parmelia barrenoae, Sarcogyne fallax and Schaereria corticola) are new to the Balkan Peninsula. Caloplaca substerilis, Fuscopannaria mediterranea, Gyalecta croatica, G. geoica, Leptochidium albociliatum, Lobarina scrobiculata, Protoblastenia lilacina, Sclerophora pallida and Thelopsis rubella represent other remarkable records. An enigmatic collection of an Immersaria, closely resembling I. athroocarpa and possibly representing a new species, is briefly discussed. The present paper brings the total number of lichenized and lichenicolous fungi known for Macedonia to 675 and 22, respectively.