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Dive into the research topics where Jiří Špalek is active.

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Review of Economic Perspectives | 2011

Relationship between Quality and Performance: Tourism Companies in the Czech Republic

Milan Sedláček; Petr Suchánek; Jiří Špalek; Petra Štamfestová

Relationship between Quality and Performance: Tourism Companies in the Czech Republic This article analyzes perception of quality as a factor of performance of companies operating in the tourism industry. The introduction defines business performance and quality with a focus on tourism companies. A synthesis of findings from empirical studies conducted abroad follows, and is focused on the determinants of performance of a company (success), including the quality management which emerged as one of the important factors, and so these findings justify the importance of quality management in business practice. The aim of this article is to find the perception of quality and emphasis on the quality management of tourism companies in the Czech Republic. To identify the specific characteristics of quality perception and management in this sector, comparative analysis of questionnaire results, and results of a financial analysis of companies from various sectors of the Czech economy, with emphasis on tourism, has been used. It has been proved that enterprises in the sectors surveyed perceive quality as the key factor in business performance; it was also empirically shown that companies with higher levels of service quality reach better values of financial indicators. Also it was found that although tourism companies perceive the service quality of as one of the key success factors, the level of its actual implementing is low. This is related to the fact that relatively good financial results can be achieved in this industry without adjustment of the maximum customer service. This fact is also confirmed by the findings that show that in comparison to companies in other sectors, tourism companies still perceive relationship between quality production and business performance as substandard.


Review of Economic Perspectives | 2009

Competitiveness of Czech Enterprises: What affects the performance of the Enterprise?

Petr Suchánek; Jiří Špalek

Competitiveness of Czech Enterprises: What affects the performance of the Enterprise? This article is based on an empirical survey performed by the Research Centre for Competitiveness of the Czech Economy in 2007. We analyzed a sample of 432 companies. The main objective of the article is to formulate the factors which decrease the probability that a given company will be rated as competitive. Using advanced statistical methods (particularly statistical method of pattern recognition developed by UTIA ČSAV and modified in a special way for the purpose of our research) we formulate 20 qualitative characteristics, which can cause uncompetitiveness of the selected firm. These characteristics are then discussed and basic recommendations are drawn. Článek vychází z empirického šetření provedeného Centrem pro výzkum konkurenceschopnosti v roce 2007. Základem je vzorek 432 českých průmyslových podniků. Cílem příspěvku je nalézt faktory, které snižují konkurenční schopnost daného podniku. Výchozím kritériem konkurenceschopnosti je finanční úspěšnost daného podniku, přičemž podniky jsou na základě shlukové analýzy rozděleny do dvou skupin. S využitím statistické metody rozpoznávání obrazců vyvinuté a speciálně pro daný výzkum upravené pracovištěm UTIA ČSAV formulujeme 20 faktorů nekonkurenceschopnosti. Tyto faktory dále diskutujeme a na jejich základě vyvozujeme doporučení pro české podniky.


Scientific Reports | 2018

A dual-fMRI investigation of the iterated Ultimatum Game reveals that reciprocal behaviour is associated with neural alignment

Daniel Joel Shaw; Kristína Czekóová; Rostislav Staněk; Radek Mareček; Tomáš Urbánek; Jiří Špalek; Lenka Kopečková; Jan Řezáč; Milan Brázdil

Dyadic interactions often involve a dynamic process of mutual reciprocity; to steer a series of exchanges towards a desired outcome, both interactants must adapt their own behaviour according to that of their interaction partner. Understanding the brain processes behind such bidirectional reciprocity is therefore central to social neuroscience, but this requires measurement of both individuals’ brains during real-world exchanges. We achieved this by performing functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) on pairs of male individuals simultaneously while they interacted in a modified iterated Ultimatum Game (iUG). In this modification, both players could express their intent and maximise their own monetary gain by reciprocating their partner’s behaviour – they could promote generosity through cooperation and/or discourage unfair play with retaliation. By developing a novel model of reciprocity adapted from behavioural economics, we then show that each player’s choices can be predicted accurately by estimating expected utility (EU) not only in terms of immediate payoff, but also as a reaction to their opponent’s prior behaviour. Finally, for the first time we reveal that brain signals implicated in social decision making are modulated by these estimates of EU, and become correlated more strongly between interacting players who reciprocate one another.


Archive | 2017

Na penězích záleží. České neziskové organizace v 21. století

Jiří Špalek; Vladimír Hyánek; Laura Fónadová; Marie Hladká; Marie Jakubcová; Tomáš Katrňák; Markéta Matulová; Klára Placier; Zuzana Prouzová

Pro neziskove instituce v Ceske republice i ve světě je charakteristicke vicezdrojove financovani. Ackoli role různých typů přijmů a jejich vliv na chovani neziskových organizaci byly v zahranicni literatuře již mnohokrat zdokumentovany, situace v (post)transformacnich zemich je specificka. Probihajici proces redefinice role neziskových instituci a souvisejici otazka významnosti podpory z veřejných rozpoctů se obvykle nemůže opřit o dostatecnou datovou zakladnu. Nejuplnějsimi a nejspolehlivějsimi zdroji dat jsou rocni narodni ucty (ANA) a Satelitni ucet neziskových instituci Ceskeho statistickeho uřadu, shromažďujici makroekonomicke udaje za neziskove instituce. Otazkou zůstava, do jake miry zachycuji tyto udaje přijmove toky neziskových instituci na mikrourovni a nakolik reflektuji skutecnou strukturu jejich zdrojů. V knize na zakladě rozsahleho empirickeho výzkumu prezentujeme, jak se mezi lety 2008 a 2013 změnil objem a struktura zdrojů neziskových instituci v CR, cim byly tyto změny ovlivněny a jak se jednotlive typy neziskových organizaci v tomto obdobi chovaly při ziskavani přijmů. Jelikož výzkum v tomto rozsahu nebyl v ceskem kontextu dosud realizovan, kniha představuje významný přispěvek k pochopeni situace neziskových organizaci v (post)transformacni zemi.


Journal of Social Service Research | 2017

Housing of Seniors in the Czech Republic: Challenges for Social Services

Dagmar Špalková; Jiří Špalek

ABSTRACT The article focuses on the housing market, the behavior and motivations of senior households to move or to stay in place. Knowing if and why seniors decide to move at retirement is a critical factor for the establishment of social service policies in terms of their structure, location, and provision. This study uses secondary data based on information about Czech households collected by the Czech Statistical Office (CSO). The data are annually collected via sample surveys of the income and living conditions of households (EU-SILC). The sample covers more than eight thousands of households. Analyzed data cover the period 2007–2012 when the abolishment of rent regulation in the Czech Republic took place. It is hypothesized that an impact like this might increase the willingness to move and reveal the factors which underlie the decisions of particular households. The results indicated that most Czech households that decided to move during the study period were driven by the increased financial burden of housing. Other factors, including the availability of social services and public utilities within the current location, played only minor roles. It seems that Czech senior households act in a very pragmatic and rational manner when deciding whether to stay in place or move, with the majority of households preferring not to move. Social policies should, therefore, concentrate on providing services for the current locations rather than on the construction of new social housing.


Archive | 2012

Kvalita a výkonnost průmyslových podniků

Milan Sedláček; Petr Suchánek; Jiří Špalek

Cilem publikace je zjistit uroveň kvality v průmyslových podnicich vcetně urovně a způsobu řizeni kvality a urceni těch faktorů kvality a faktorů řizeni kvality, ktere maji vliv na výkonnost podniku. Jednim z výstupů publikace je ramcový koncept, který v obecne rovině charakterizuje faktory, ktere maji nejen bezprostředni vliv na kvalitu (produktu) podniku a jeho řizeni, ale i na jeho výkonnost. Publikace se opira o výzkum, který byl proveden v průmyslových podnicich (ve vybraných odvětvich) v Ceske republice.


Archive | 2011

Kvalita jako faktor konkurenceschopnosti podniku

Petr Suchánek; Milan Sedláček; Jiří Špalek; Petra Štamfestová

Publikace je výsledkem třileteho sledovani vztahu ceských podniků ke kvalitě, zejmena jejich uvědoměni si skutecnosti, že kvalita jejich produktů je faktorem konkurenceschopnosti celeho podniku. Výzkum samotný byl proveden pomoci dotaznikoveho dotazovani podniků z vybraných odvětvi. Na zakladě reserse relevantni odborne literatury byly formulovany otazky z oblasti kvality produktu, sledovani a kontroly kvality produktu, miry spokojenosti zakaznika, konkurencnich výhod a nevýhod. Dilci analýzy byly provaděny v letech 2008 – 2010, přicemž vzajemne komparaci byly podrobeny pouze ty otazky, ktere byly v jednotlivých sledovaných obdobich zcela beze změny. Mimo dotaznikoveho setřeni byly v jednotlivých letech analyzovany take financni ukazatele jednotlivých zucastněných podniků. To autorům umožnilo sledovat nejenom situaci podniku v kontextu problematiky kvality, ale soucasně dat výsledky tohoto průzkumu do souvislosti s jejich faktickou financni uspěsnosti. Pro rozděleni podniků do dvou skupin dle jejich financni výkonnosti bylo využito pět ukazatelů zvolených na zakladě reserse odborne literatury a zkusenosti s předchozimi výzkumy na obdobne tema.


Archive | 2006

Communication and Electronic Public Administration: Some Issuesin the Context of the Czech System of Public Administration

David Špaček; Jiří Špalek


Politicka Ekonomie | 2009

Jsou ekonomové jiní? Ekonomický model versus realita

Jitka Šeneklová; Jiří Špalek


Prague Economic Papers | 2011

Threshold Effectiveness in Contributing to the Public Goods: Experiments Involving Czech Students

Jiří Špalek; Zuzana Berná

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