Joanne S. Stevenson

In older adults

Create decorative items for your home, or gifts for family and friends. Beginning: Learn how to cast liquid slip into molds, clean and decorate ceramic pieces. This beginning class is fun and easy. A nonrefundable

Alcohol use, misuse, abuse, and dependence in later adulthood.

8 slip and glaze fee payable at first day of class. There is a

The relationship between binge eating severity and body fat in nonpurge binge eating women

5 firing fee. Drop-in fee

The case for alcohol research as a focus of study by nurse researchers.

7 resident,

Skin Temperature and Limb Blood Flow as Predictors of Cardiac Index

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Adulthood: a promising focus for future research.

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A review of the second decade of the Annual Review of Nursing Research series.

Considerable research has focused on alcohol problems in older adults, but the clinical utilization of this knowledge has lagged at least 3 decades behind the scientific developments. This unfortunate situation takes on added significance as the “baby boomer” generation ages because more of them drink more often in larger quantities than previous generations. This chapter focuses more on the ramifications of use, misuse, and abuse than on chronic dependence because the prevalence in the former categories far outweighs the latter. Older alcohol misusers and abusers are at excess risk for myriad physical problems and premature death because alcohol interacts with the natural aging process in negative ways to increase risks for injuries, hypertension, cardiac dysrhythmic events, cancers, gastrointestinal problems, neurocognitive deficits, bone loss, and emotional challenges, most notably depression. Low volume and less than daily alcohol consumption appear to be protective against blood clots in the coronary and brain vessels, bone loss and falls, and cognitive decline compared with current abstainers. At higher levels, alcohol has the opposite effect. Research findings strongly support positive outcomes of case finding, referral, and treatment of older adults who are misusing or abusing alcohol. However, there is ample evidence that health care providers across the spectrum of primary, acute, and long-term care ignore the signs and symptoms of alcohol misuse and abuse in their older patients and treat symptoms and sequelae of the abuse rather than confronting the abuse itself. Recommendations for changes in practice are made together with ideas for additional research in several areas where the current state of knowledge is inadequate, conflicting, or based on narrowly homogeneous samples.

Review of the first decade of the Annual Review of Nursing Research.

The relationship between binge eating severity, measured by caloric intake, and amount of body fat, measured by percent of body fat and body mass index (BMI) was examined in nonpurge binge eating women. Although there was a low, but significant, relationship between binge eating severity and BMI, the relationship was not significant between binge eating severity and percent of body fat. Age and weight cycling were the best predictors for percent of body fat, while weight cycling alone was the best predictor for BMI. It cannot be assumed that caloric intake during binge eating is the central cause of obesity in nonpurge binge eating women.

Effects of moderate and low intensity long-term exercise by older adults

Sixty percent of the U.S. population drinks alcohol. Although numerous investigators have shown that low-volume alcohol intake has positive influences on cardiovascular health, bone density, and cognition, there is a fine line between positive, neutral, and negative ramifications of alcohol consumption on health. Alcohol accounts for 7% of the global burden of disease and injury from all causes and for 10% to 11% of all illnesses and death each year worldwide. So alcohol use is a two-edged sword. Psychiatric nurses have a long history of involvement with alcoholic patients, and alcohol users, misusers, and abusers comprise a significant percentage of the patient load in every specialty and subspecialty of nursing. Yet nursing education has neglected this important area of content in general nursing curricula, staff development has not trained mainstream nurses to routinely assess for alcohol problems among hospital patients, and primary care providers have failed to do case finding. During the past 25 years, the federal government has funded curricular and faculty development programs to bring alcohol information into the core of health provider training. The process has been halting and minimally successful at best. One ramification of the inattention to alcohol-related education is the dearth of nursescientists engaged in programs of research in the field of alcohol abuse. A federally funded faculty development program in the 1990s focused attention on this issue, and a small cadre of nurses were trained to do related research. Several of the authors in this volume are members of that group. A brief overview of the focus of each of the remaining chapters in this volume is presented. A rationale is provided for the importance of this area of research for nursing knowledge and quality patient care in essentially all areas of nursing practice. Finally, several burning research questions are posed that would most appropriately be answered through nursing research.

Outcomes of a Program to Enhance Exercise Self-Efficacy and Improve Fitness in Black and Hispanic College-Age Women

Thermodilution cardiac output and cardiac index (CI) require inserting a pulmonary artery catheter, an invasive device associated with many iatrogenic complications. The purpose of this study was to establish the concurrent validity of two noninvasive measures of CI (skin temperature and limb blood flow) by determining their correlation with invasive CI. Twenty-one subjects undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) were studied every 2 hours for 8 hours in the immediate postoperative period. Neither limb blood flow (LBF) nor skin temperature at five sites correlated significantly (p < .05) with CI at all five data collection times. Ankle temperature and LBF were significantly correlated with CI at one data collection time. On the basis of the findings of this study, neither skin temperature nor LBF can be used as a noninvasive predictor of CI in the immediate postoperative period following CABG.