João Amato Neto

Uma analise das caracteristicas da estrutura de governança em sistemas locais de producao e suas relacoes com a cadeia global

Este trabalho tem o objetivo de analisar, de forma integrada, a problematica da governanca global e local em sistemas locais de producao, com o intuito de verificar os condicionantes para a competitividade dos produtores e o desenvolvimento local. Para isso, sao investigadas e comparadas duas experiencias de sistemas locais de producao no Brasil: a industria de calcados de Franca (SP) e a de moveis em Bento Goncalves (RS). As principais evidencias apontam que o desenvolvimento de capacitacoes entre os produtores localizados e condicionado pelas formas de governanca, global e local, sobre a cadeia produtiva.

Reestruturação industrial, terceirização e redes de subcontratação

The main factors which have induced the vertical desintegration and outsourcing processes of the larger companies based on the context of the global industry restructuring.

Aprendizagem por cooperação em rede: práticas de conhecimento em arranjos produtivos locais de software

This paper aims to contribute to the study of knowledge networks in regional clusters, by means of an analysis of the learning process in software small and medium enterprises (SME). The study consists of a multi-case exploratory and qualitative research in three Brazilian local productive arrangements (LPA) in Campinas, Belo Horizonte and Blumenau, involving 14 enterprises and 10 support institutions. The purpose of this analysis was to detach, among other aspects: a) the structure of clusters; b) the main learning sources and; c) the environment of trust necessary to this learning process. Data was collected through semi-structured interviews carried out with the main governance actors of the sector and with the SMEs. The results pointed out to the efficacy of inter-institutional organization through cooperation networks for the management of formal and informal learning processes in knowledge-intensive sectors.

KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT IN A HIGH TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRY

This study aims to contribute to the Knowledge Management Theory under a social perspective. It evaluates the Knowledge Management Cycle applied in a Brazilian high technology-based industry, a former national company which had been privatized in 1994, and passed through a huge organizational transformation and, after few years, became a market leader in one of the most competitive business sectors. Social organization covers Corporative Culture, Human Resources and Leadership aspects seen as knowledge enablers. This research used a qualitative approach and took a Knowledge Management Model developed by the Fraunhoffer Institute researchers and associates as a reference. Conclusions indicated that in order to become competitive in the new Management Model the studied company had to develop a cluster of human and business competencies. These were developed through educational processes which included personnel and leadership development. Organizational Culture had also contributed to KM process nurturing a sense of continuous improvement, customer and shareholder satisfaction.

As transações entre supermercados europeus e produtores brasileiros de frutas frescas

The aim of this paper is to investigate the transactions between European supermarkets and Brazilian fresh fruit producers and the structure of the Brazilian mango and grape value chain to Europe. The element pointed out in this paper is the characteristic of the distributor segment. There are indications that the structures of the retail sector affect the strategies of developing countries producers in global markets. In addition, the procurement strategies of the retail sector are different when compare the United Kingdom and Germany. The Global Value Chain and Transaction Costs Economy approaches were used as theoretical background. The method selected for this study was the multiple case studies which were made viable by means of semi-structured questionnaires conducted with mango and grape producers agents in Brazil and with mango and grape imported agents located in the United Kingdom and Germany.

Knowledge Management for High Technology Industries

This article aims to contribute to Knowledge Management Theory centering its analysis towards a Social Organization perspective. The Knowledge Management Model developed by Fraunhofer Institute was partially used as a reference for this work. The focus is specifically oriented to Human Resources, Leadership and Organizational Culture issues. For the research, a main problem was defined which asked the question: How can an industry, that manufactures from customers orders, in a long-term commitment and lead time, generate state of the art knowledge, considering accelerated moves of technological boundaries? This question required both a qualitative and quantitative approach, addressed to a single case study, supported by bibliographical research, questionnaires and interviews. Finally, some conclusions were made: innovative aspects of High technology are limited by the available knowledge in related sciences and also in its applications; High technology enterprises themselves generate innovation through R&D aiming to fulfill the lack of governmental investment programmes. To implement adaptations required by new technological and competitive order, a cluster of human competencies are demanded. These are developed through educational processes which include personnel and leadership development. Organizational Culture can also contribute to the KM process based on continuous improvement, customer and shareholder satisfaction.

Evaluation of technological change in the Brazilian semiconductor industry

This paper intends to investigate how process and product technological changes are sought and conducted by Brazilian semiconductor companies. A survey with all semiconductor manufacturers and other players from the sector was conducted, and results were compiled in order to qualify technological efforts and changes in these companies. A literature review was thoroughly conducted, and an analysis of the semiconductor industry and trends was also detailed. Results showed the strong dependency of technological efforts and showed some leads for a further investigation on the means to overcome the obstacles this industry currently faces.

CAPITAL SOCIAL: CONTRIBUIÇÕES E PERSPECTIVAS TEÓRICO-METODOLÓGICAS PARA A ANÁLISE DE REDES DE COOPERAÇÃO PRODUTIVA E AGLOMERAÇÕES DE EMPRESAS

Nos ultimos anos, e notavel o crescimento, por parte das micro, pequenas e medias empresas (MPMEs), da busca pela cooperacao produtiva em forma de redes, sejam estas espacialmente localizadas, como os clusters regionais, sejam organizacoes virtuais e redes dispersas espacialmente, como meio de aumentarem sua competitividade. Nesse sentido, cabe destacar o conceito de capital social como fator para a cooperacao entre empresas e organizacoes e como meio para o desenvolvimento de habilidades na busca de maior eficiencia coletiva entre os agentes que participam de uma dada rede de cooperacao. Assim, o presente artigo objetiva analisar a influencia do capital social no desenvolvimento de relacoes de cooperacao produtiva – redes e aglomeracoes de empresas –, contribuindo para a composicao de um referencial teorico-metodologico para pesquisas sobre o tema. Baseando-se em uma revisao bibliografica, o trabalho, de carater exploratorio e multidisciplinar, procurou destacar as principais contribuicoes teoricas apresentadas por diversas areas do conhecimento, como a administracao, a economia, a engenharia de producao e a sociologia. Tambem sao apresentadas algumas diretrizes para a avaliacao do capital social e de suas interfaces com outras formas de capital em redes e aglomeracoes de empresas. Por fim, o trabalho revela os beneficios proporcionados as empresas pela acumulacao de capital social, beneficiando sua competitividade.

Productive cooperation network as a competitive advantage for small and medium firms in the Brazilian state of São Paulo

Within the greater productive decentralisation tendency, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are faced with a new economic context, which offers many opportunities for their development. The emergence of the flexible specialisation paradigm offers new business opportunities for SMEs, mainly in terms of productive cooperation networks. However, besides the traditional requirements, the possibilities of creating and the success factors for setting up productive cooperation network structure depends on a number of cultural requirements. This articles purpose is to discuss opportunities and barriers related to creation and development of productive cooperation networks among SMEs, under the industrial restructuring context, and to analyse some particular aspects of the Brazilian context, especially in the state of Sao Paulo. Besides, the intention is to point out some possible ways to improve an organisations performance supported by this new kind of interfirm arrangement, through the concept of regional clusters, and finally, to propose some public policies.

AS POLÍTICAS INDUSTRIAIS E TECNOLÓGICAS E AS PEQUENAS E MÉDIAS EMPRESAS: INICIATIVAS NA HISTÓRIA RECENTE DA ECONOMIA BRASILEIRA

O objetivo deste artigo e realizar uma revisao critica das varias propostas de politica industrial e tecnologica desenvolvidas na historia recente da economia brasileira e seus possiveis impactos em favor do desenvolvimento das pequenas e medias empresas (PMEs), enfatizando o aspecto da relacao do poder publico e o setor produtivo. O estudo destaca as iniciativas de cooperacao produtiva como uma forma emergente de promocao de tais politicas. Quanto a metodologia, baseia-se em uma revisao de literatura com carater exploratorio e qualitativo.