João Batista da Silva

Estado Nutricional de Escolares do Semi-Árido do Nordeste Brasileiro

OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at describing the nutritional status of 10 to 17 year old children enrolled in public and private schools from different regions having specific Brazilian semi-arid area characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study using a stratified probability sample (n=1 701). 900 children were male and 801 female selected from three cities, randomly chosen from 3 cities which were representative of the regions: Leste Potiguar-RLP (n=1,158), Oeste Potiguar-ROP (n=312) and Central Potiguar-RCP (n=231). They were divided into three age groups: 10 to 12 years, 13 and 14 years and e(3)15 years. Conde and Monteiro cutoff points were used for body mass index (BMI) classification. RESULTS Regarding the regions, there was a significant difference (p<0001) in BMI distribution. RLP presented excess weight and obesity (6.8 %, 15.2 %), ROP (16.3 %, 9.6 %) and RCP (10.4 %, 3.9 %), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents in the most favored regions (especially students in private schools in the region) had a prevalence of being overweight and suffering from obesity.Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo e descrever o estado nutricional de criancas com idade entre 10 a 17 anos matriculados em escolas publicas e privadas de diferentes regioes com caracteristicas especificas do semi-arido brasileiro. Material e metodos Estudo transversal do tipo descritivo e comparativo, com uma amostra probabilistica estratificada n=1 701(900 homens e 801 mulheres), escolhidas intencionalmente em tres cidades das regioes Leste Potiguar n=1 158; Oeste Potiguar n=312; e Central Potiguar n=231, divididos em tres grupos etarios de 10 a 12 anos, 13 e 14 anos e ³ 15 anos. Para a classificacao do indice de massa corporal, foi utilizada os pontos de corte de Conde e Monteiro. Resultados Entre as regioes existe uma diferenca significativa com p<0001, na distribuicao do indice de massa corporal. A RLP apresentou um excesso de peso e obesidade (16,8 % e 15,2 %), a ROP (16,3 % y 9,6 %) e a RCP (10,4 % e 3,9 %) respectivamente. Conclusoes Adolescentes das regioes mais favorecidas, especialmente os estudantes pertencentes as escolas privadas do estado, tem uma prevalencia de sobrepeso e obesidade.

Correlação entre as queixas de incontinência urinária de esforço e o pad test de uma hora em mulheres na pós-menopausa

OBJECTIVE: to correlate complaints of stress urinary incontinence and the results of a one-hour pad test in pre- and postmenopausal women. METHODS: cross-sectional study conducted on 60 postmenopausal volunteers divided into two groups: one consisting of 34 women with involuntary loss of urine due to stress incontinence and the other consisting of 26 women without involuntary loss of urine. A control group of 15 premenopausal women with normal menstrual cycles and no urinary complaints was also used. All women underwent clinical and laboratory analysis as well as the one-hour pad test. Patients were considered to be incontinent when sanitary pad weight post-test was more than 1 g. Data were submitted to descriptive statistics, parametric ANOVA, post-hoc Tukey test and Pearsons correlation. RESULTS: all postmenopausal women presented with stress urinary incontinence during the pad test, both those with urinary loss (4 g) and with no previous loss (3.5 g). A strong correlation was observed between urinary loss and time since menopause (r=0.8; p<0.01) and body mass index (r=0.7; p=0.01). Premenopausal women were continent during the pad test (0.4 g). CONCLUSIONS: the results of the one-hour pad test showed that all postmenopausal women exhibited stress urinary incontinence, including those without urine loss on effort. Urine loss was correlated with time since menopause and body mass index.

Relação do Índice de Desenvolvimento Humano e as Variáveis Nutricionais em Crianças do Brasil

Objetivo O objetivo do presente estudo e demonstrar a relacao do Indice de desenvolvimento humano (IDH) de diferentes regioes brasileiras no comportamento das variaveis de composicao corporal-indicadores do estado nutricional, assim como, a adequacao da utilizacao destas variaveis. Materiais e Metodo Estudo descritivo, de corte transversal de topologia comparativa. A amostra foi composta por alunos de escolas publicas, de ambos os sexos, com idade entre 8 e 10 anos, de 3 regioes brasileiras, escolhidas de maneira aleatoria, sendo: Sul n= 262 masculino e n=251 feminino; Nordeste n=45 masculino y n=35 feminino; Norte n=96 masculino y n=38 feminino. Os protocolos utilizados foram de estatura, massa, somatoria de dobras cutaneas e IMC. O IDH foi retirado do Programa das Nacoes Unidas para o Desenvolvimento.A estatistica utilizada foi a descritiva e inferencial, atraves do metodo comparativo Anova one-way para os dados parametricos e o teste Kurskal-Wallis para os dados nao parametricos, sendo adotado um nivel de significância de p <0,05, ou seja, 95 % de probabilidade para as afirmativas e/ou negativas, denotadas durante as investigacoes. Resultados Foi demostrada a existencia de uma diferencia significativa p<0.0001 nas variaveis estudadas. Conclusiones A utilizacao de antropometria como uma ferramenta auxiliar para conhecer a composicao corporal das criancas podem ajudar na prevencao ou tratamento precoce dos disturbios alimentares, como desnutricao e obesidade. Ela pode ser parte das intervencoes das politicas publicas ligadas a assistencia infantil, na utilizacao de formas simples e eficiente para evitar problemas de saude publica.

Clustering of risk factors for cardiometabolic diseases in low-income, female adolescents

OBJECTIVE To assess the prevalence and clustering patterns of cardiometabolic risk factors among low-income, female adolescents. MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study involving 196 students of public schools (11-19 years old). The following risk factors were considered in the analysis: excess weight, central obesity, dyslipidemia, high blood pressure, and high fasting glucose. The ratio between observed and expected prevalence and its confidence interval were used to identify clustering of risk factors that exceeded expected prevalence in the population. RESULTS The most prevalent risk factors were dyslipidemia (70.9%), and central obesity (39.8%), followed by excess weight (29.6%), and high blood pressure (12.8%). A total of 42.9% of adolescents had two or more risk factors, and 24% had three or more. Excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia were common risk factors in the clustering patterns that showed higher-than-expected prevalence. CONCLUSIONS Clustering of risk factors (≥ two factors) among the adolescents showed considerable prevalence, and there was a non-casual coexistence of excess weight, central obesity, and dyslipidemia (mainly low HDL-cholesterol).

Estado Nutricional de los estudiantes de la región semiárida del noreste de Brasil

OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at describing the nutritional status of 10 to 17 year old children enrolled in public and private schools from different regions having specific Brazilian semi-arid area characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study using a stratified probability sample (n=1 701). 900 children were male and 801 female selected from three cities, randomly chosen from 3 cities which were representative of the regions: Leste Potiguar-RLP (n=1,158), Oeste Potiguar-ROP (n=312) and Central Potiguar-RCP (n=231). They were divided into three age groups: 10 to 12 years, 13 and 14 years and e(3)15 years. Conde and Monteiro cutoff points were used for body mass index (BMI) classification. RESULTS Regarding the regions, there was a significant difference (p<0001) in BMI distribution. RLP presented excess weight and obesity (6.8 %, 15.2 %), ROP (16.3 %, 9.6 %) and RCP (10.4 %, 3.9 %), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents in the most favored regions (especially students in private schools in the region) had a prevalence of being overweight and suffering from obesity.Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo e descrever o estado nutricional de criancas com idade entre 10 a 17 anos matriculados em escolas publicas e privadas de diferentes regioes com caracteristicas especificas do semi-arido brasileiro. Material e metodos Estudo transversal do tipo descritivo e comparativo, com uma amostra probabilistica estratificada n=1 701(900 homens e 801 mulheres), escolhidas intencionalmente em tres cidades das regioes Leste Potiguar n=1 158; Oeste Potiguar n=312; e Central Potiguar n=231, divididos em tres grupos etarios de 10 a 12 anos, 13 e 14 anos e ³ 15 anos. Para a classificacao do indice de massa corporal, foi utilizada os pontos de corte de Conde e Monteiro. Resultados Entre as regioes existe uma diferenca significativa com p<0001, na distribuicao do indice de massa corporal. A RLP apresentou um excesso de peso e obesidade (16,8 % e 15,2 %), a ROP (16,3 % y 9,6 %) e a RCP (10,4 % e 3,9 %) respectivamente. Conclusoes Adolescentes das regioes mais favorecidas, especialmente os estudantes pertencentes as escolas privadas do estado, tem uma prevalencia de sobrepeso e obesidade.

Prevalencia del síndrome metabólico en etapas de la pubertad de las estudiantes do sexo femenino

Objective To analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in pubertal stages of female students. Methods Cross-sectional study of 449 school children between eight and 18 years, stratified by pubertal stage, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF %). The MS was classified according to the International Diabetes Federation. The analysis by frequency distribution, confidence intervals (95 %), Chi-square and odds ratio for associations was performed. Results The prevalence of MS was 3.3 % (CI:2 %-5 %) and 2.5 % (CI: 0.1 - 5 %) in pubertal and 7.9% (CI:3.2 % - 12.6 %) in the post-pubescent, with a significant association of this group with MS (X² = 5.2 [p <0.02]). The odds ratio shows that post-pubescent girls (3.3 [CI: 1.2 to 5]) and obese girls (2.1 [CI: 2 - 2.2]) are more likely to have MS, indicating significant linear association between BMI and the outcome (X²=29.4 [p<0.001]). Pubescent children under 10 years of age with MS had higher %G. The prevalent components were altered waist circumference (27.2 % [CI23 %-31 %]) and low HDL cholesterol (39.6 % [CI 35 % - 44 %]), as well as prevalence of systemic hypertension in post-pubertal girls. Conclusions MS begins in the pubertal stage, with prevalence in the post-pubertal stage. Excess fat is a trigger in children under 10 years of age. Prevention strategies are needed for the population of children and adolescents.

Prevalência da síndrome metabólica nos estágios pubertários de escolares do sexo feminino

Objective To analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in pubertal stages of female students. Methods Cross-sectional study of 449 school children between eight and 18 years, stratified by pubertal stage, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF %). The MS was classified according to the International Diabetes Federation. The analysis by frequency distribution, confidence intervals (95 %), Chi-square and odds ratio for associations was performed. Results The prevalence of MS was 3.3 % (CI:2 %-5 %) and 2.5 % (CI: 0.1 - 5 %) in pubertal and 7.9% (CI:3.2 % - 12.6 %) in the post-pubescent, with a significant association of this group with MS (X² = 5.2 [p <0.02]). The odds ratio shows that post-pubescent girls (3.3 [CI: 1.2 to 5]) and obese girls (2.1 [CI: 2 - 2.2]) are more likely to have MS, indicating significant linear association between BMI and the outcome (X²=29.4 [p<0.001]). Pubescent children under 10 years of age with MS had higher %G. The prevalent components were altered waist circumference (27.2 % [CI23 %-31 %]) and low HDL cholesterol (39.6 % [CI 35 % - 44 %]), as well as prevalence of systemic hypertension in post-pubertal girls. Conclusions MS begins in the pubertal stage, with prevalence in the post-pubertal stage. Excess fat is a trigger in children under 10 years of age. Prevention strategies are needed for the population of children and adolescents.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in pubertal stages of female students

Objective To analyze the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MS) in pubertal stages of female students. Methods Cross-sectional study of 449 school children between eight and 18 years, stratified by pubertal stage, body mass index (BMI) and body fat percentage (BF %). The MS was classified according to the International Diabetes Federation. The analysis by frequency distribution, confidence intervals (95 %), Chi-square and odds ratio for associations was performed. Results The prevalence of MS was 3.3 % (CI:2 %-5 %) and 2.5 % (CI: 0.1 - 5 %) in pubertal and 7.9% (CI:3.2 % - 12.6 %) in the post-pubescent, with a significant association of this group with MS (X² = 5.2 [p <0.02]). The odds ratio shows that post-pubescent girls (3.3 [CI: 1.2 to 5]) and obese girls (2.1 [CI: 2 - 2.2]) are more likely to have MS, indicating significant linear association between BMI and the outcome (X²=29.4 [p<0.001]). Pubescent children under 10 years of age with MS had higher %G. The prevalent components were altered waist circumference (27.2 % [CI23 %-31 %]) and low HDL cholesterol (39.6 % [CI 35 % - 44 %]), as well as prevalence of systemic hypertension in post-pubertal girls. Conclusions MS begins in the pubertal stage, with prevalence in the post-pubertal stage. Excess fat is a trigger in children under 10 years of age. Prevention strategies are needed for the population of children and adolescents.

Qualidade dos estudos clínicos publicados na RBGO ao longo de uma década (1999-2009): aspectos metodológicos, éticos e procedimentos estatísticos

PURPOSE: To evaluate the methodological and statistical design evolution of the publications in the Brazilian Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics (RBGO) from resolution 196/96. METHODS: A review of 133 articles published in 1999 (65) and 2009 (68) was performed by two independent reviewers with training in clinical epidemiology and methodology of scientific research. We included all original clinical articles, case and series reports and excluded editorials, letters to the editor, systematic reviews, experimental studies, opinion articles, besides abstracts of theses and dissertations. Characteristics related to the methodological quality of the studies were analyzed in each article using a checklist that evaluated two criteria: methodological aspects and statistical procedures. We used descriptive statistics and the χ2 test for comparison of the two years. RESULTS: There was a difference between 1999 and 2009 regarding the study and statistical design, with more accuracy in the procedures and the use of more robust tests between 1999 and 2009. CONCLUSIONS: In RBGO, we observed an evolution in the methods of published articles and a more in-depth use of the statistical analyses, with more sophisticated tests such as regression and multilevel analyses, which are essential techniques for the knowledge and planning of health interventions, leading to fewer interpretation errors.

The nutritional status of schoolchildren living in the semi-arid area of northern Brazil

OBJECTIVE This study was aimed at describing the nutritional status of 10 to 17 year old children enrolled in public and private schools from different regions having specific Brazilian semi-arid area characteristics. MATERIAL AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional, descriptive and comparative study using a stratified probability sample (n=1 701). 900 children were male and 801 female selected from three cities, randomly chosen from 3 cities which were representative of the regions: Leste Potiguar-RLP (n=1,158), Oeste Potiguar-ROP (n=312) and Central Potiguar-RCP (n=231). They were divided into three age groups: 10 to 12 years, 13 and 14 years and e(3)15 years. Conde and Monteiro cutoff points were used for body mass index (BMI) classification. RESULTS Regarding the regions, there was a significant difference (p<0001) in BMI distribution. RLP presented excess weight and obesity (6.8 %, 15.2 %), ROP (16.3 %, 9.6 %) and RCP (10.4 %, 3.9 %), respectively. CONCLUSIONS Adolescents in the most favored regions (especially students in private schools in the region) had a prevalence of being overweight and suffering from obesity.Objetivo O objetivo deste estudo e descrever o estado nutricional de criancas com idade entre 10 a 17 anos matriculados em escolas publicas e privadas de diferentes regioes com caracteristicas especificas do semi-arido brasileiro. Material e metodos Estudo transversal do tipo descritivo e comparativo, com uma amostra probabilistica estratificada n=1 701(900 homens e 801 mulheres), escolhidas intencionalmente em tres cidades das regioes Leste Potiguar n=1 158; Oeste Potiguar n=312; e Central Potiguar n=231, divididos em tres grupos etarios de 10 a 12 anos, 13 e 14 anos e ³ 15 anos. Para a classificacao do indice de massa corporal, foi utilizada os pontos de corte de Conde e Monteiro. Resultados Entre as regioes existe uma diferenca significativa com p<0001, na distribuicao do indice de massa corporal. A RLP apresentou um excesso de peso e obesidade (16,8 % e 15,2 %), a ROP (16,3 % y 9,6 %) e a RCP (10,4 % e 3,9 %) respectivamente. Conclusoes Adolescentes das regioes mais favorecidas, especialmente os estudantes pertencentes as escolas privadas do estado, tem uma prevalencia de sobrepeso e obesidade.