John Allbutt

Vividness of visual imagery and social desirable responding: correlations of the vividness of visual imagery questionnaire with the balanced inventory of desirable responding and the Marlowe–Crowne scale

Correlational research investigating the relationship between scores on self-report imagery questionnaires and measures of social desirable responding has shown only a weak association. However, researchers have argued that this research may have underestimated the size of the relationship because it relied primarily on the Marlowe–Crowne scale (MC; Crowne & Marlowe, Journal of Consulting Psychology, 24, 349–354, 1960), which loads primarily on the least relevant form of social desirable responding for this particular context, the moralistic bias. Here we report the analysis of data correlating the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (VVIQ; Marks, Journal of Mental Imagery, 19, 153–166, 1973) with the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR; Paulhus, 2002) and the MC scale under anonymous testing conditions. The VVIQ correlated significantly with the Self-Deceptive Enhancement (SDE) and Agency Management (AM) BIDR subscales and with the MC. The largest correlation was with SDE. The ability of SDE to predict VVIQ scores was not significantly enhanced by adding either AM or MC. Correlations between the VVIQ and BIDR egoistic scales were larger when the BIDR was continuously rather than dichotomously scored. This analysis indicates that the relationship between self-reported imagery and social desirable responding is likely to be stronger than previously thought.

Self-report imagery questionnaire scores and subtypes of social-desirable responding: Auditory imagery, visual imagery, and thinking style.

Allbutt, Ling, and Shafiullah (2006) and Allbutt, Shafiullah, and Ling (2006) found that scores on self-report measures of visual imagery experience correlate primarily with the egoistic form of social-desirable responding. Here, three studies are reported which investigated whether this pattern of findings generalized to the ratings of imagery vividness in the auditory modality, a new version of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (Marks, 1995), and reports of visual thinking style. The measure of social-desirable responding used was the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR; Paulhus, 2002). Correlational analysis replicated the pattern seen in our earlier work and of the correlations with the egoistic bias, the correlation with vividness of visual imagery was largest and significant, the correlation with visual thinking style next largest and approached significance, and the correlation with vividness of auditory imagery was the smallest and not significant. The size of these correl...

The Relationship between Self-Report Imagery Questionnaire Scores and Sub-Types of Socially Desirable Responding: Components of Visual Imagery

Allbutt, Shafiullah, and Ling [1] found that scores on self-report measures of visual and movement imagery vividness correlate primarily with an egoistic form of socially desirable responding rather than a moralistic form. The current study investigated whether the pattern of findings generalizes to the ratings of other imagery properties such as the ease with which an image can be generated. Participants completed the Shapes Questionnaire [2] and the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding [3]. Several of the shapes Questionnaire ratings correlated significantly with the egoistic form of socially desirable responding, while correlations with the moralistic form were rare. This shows the pattern of findings generalizes to the ratings of properties of the imagery experience other than vividness.

Self-Report Imagery Questionnaire Scores and Subtypes of Social-Desirable Responding

Allbutt, Ling, and Shafiullah (2006) and Allbutt, Shafiullah, and Ling (2006) found that scores on self-report measures of visual imagery experience correlate primarily with the egoistic form of social-desirable responding. Here, three studies are reported which investigated whether this pattern of findings generalized to the ratings of imagery vividness in the auditory modality, a new version of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (Marks, 1995), and reports of visual thinking style. The measure of social-desirable responding used was the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR; Paulhus, 2002). Correlational analysis replicated the pattern seen in our earlier work and of the correlations with the egoistic bias, the correlation with vividness of visual imagery was largest and significant, the correlation with visual thinking style next largest and approached significance, and the correlation with vividness of auditory imagery was the smallest and not significant. The size of these correl...

The Relationship between self-report imagery questionnaire scores and sub-types of social desirable responding: Auditory imagery , visual Imagery and visual thinking style.

Allbutt, Ling, and Shafiullah (2006) and Allbutt, Shafiullah, and Ling (2006) found that scores on self-report measures of visual imagery experience correlate primarily with the egoistic form of social-desirable responding. Here, three studies are reported which investigated whether this pattern of findings generalized to the ratings of imagery vividness in the auditory modality, a new version of the Vividness of Visual Imagery Questionnaire (Marks, 1995), and reports of visual thinking style. The measure of social-desirable responding used was the Balanced Inventory of Desirable Responding (BIDR; Paulhus, 2002). Correlational analysis replicated the pattern seen in our earlier work and of the correlations with the egoistic bias, the correlation with vividness of visual imagery was largest and significant, the correlation with visual thinking style next largest and approached significance, and the correlation with vividness of auditory imagery was the smallest and not significant. The size of these correl...

Adult College Learners of British Sign Language: Educational Provision and Learner Self-Report Variables Associated with Exam Success

This study investigated educational provision and learner self-report factors associated with exam success for adult learners of British Sign Language (BSL) who were enrolled in either Level 1 or Level 2 courses. These levels are equivalent to the first and second year of a United Kingdom General Certificate of Secondary Education qualification. Two hundred thirty-five students from three further education colleges answered a self-report questionnaire covering a range of variables. Analysis of the data suggests that: (1) success rates differed markedly for Levels 1 and 2; (2) enhancements of educational provision, such as the use of extra conversational classes, appeared to play a role in increasing exam success rates; (3) individual factors associated with exam success varied between course level and between types of provision; (4) variables related to exam success at Level 2 were more numerous and more specifically related to the learning of sign language than those seen at Level 1; and (5) effect sizes seen for enhancements of educational provision were larger than for individual characteristics. These results offer insights into the factors that affect the success rates of people learning sign language.