John Eager Howard

UNILATERAL RENAL DISEASE AS A CAUSE OF HYPERTENSION: ITS DETECTION BY URETERAL CATHETERIZATION STUDIES

Excerpt It has been amply demonstrated experimentally that renal ischemia can result in hypertension1-3and that, in man, reduced arterial flow toonekidney may produce a clinical picture indistingui...

STUDIES OF ANTIRICKETIC ACTIVITY IN SERA FROM PATIENTS WITH DISORDERS OF CALCIUM METABOLISM AND PRELIMINARY OBSERVATIONS ON THE MODE OF TRANSPORT OF VITAMIN D IN HUMAN SERUM

Proof of the curative action of vitamin D for rickets was established by the studies of many investigators (1, 2). It is now known that therapeutic doses of this vitamin bring about increased calcium absorption from the intestinal tract (3), while massive doses induce hypercalcemia (4) and, experimentally at least, a combination of skeletal resorption and vigorous bone-matrix formation (5-7). Also, in the hypoparathyroid individual, administration of vitamin D results in an increased excretion of phosphorus and usually of calcium (8, 9). Knowledge of the biochemical or enzymatic means by which vitamin D induces the foregoing effects would greatly enhance our understanding of mineral and bone metabolism. An approach to the study of this problem was afforded by the reports of Warkany and his co-workers (10-12) on bioassays of vitamin D in sera of animals and humans. Vitamin D in aqueous solution, however, is known to be readily oxidized and thereby rendered inactive (13). This suggests that the vitamin, as it exists in serum, is in some manner protected and may not be in a free or unaltered state. Therefore, in our initial studies on vitamin

ADRENAL MEDULLARY TUMOR (PHEOCHROMOCYTOMA) AND DIABETES MELLITUS; DISAPPEARANCE OF DIABETES AFTER REMOVAL OF THE TUMOR

Excerpt The clinical picture associated with tumors composed of tissue morphologically and functionally similar to that of the adrenal medulla has been fairly well defined.1, 2, 3The cardinal featu...

Hypercalcemic Crisis Due to Hyperparathyroidism

Abstract A potentially fatal course characterized by rapidly progressive nausea, vomiting, lethargy and azotemia is occasionally encountered in patients with hyperparathyroidism. Three such patients having these manifestations are reported. In two, recognition was sufficiently prompt, and an emergency removal of a parathyroid adenoma resulted in a successful outcome in each. In the third patient the correct diagnosis was suspected only two hours before death. Similar clinical manifestations occur with marked hypercalcemia of any etiology. Although the pathogenesis of this syndrome is not clearly understood, successful treatment seems dependent on prompt reduction of the high serum calcium concentrations.

IDIOPATHIC HYPOPARATHYROIDISM; A REPORT OF 2 CASES

Excerpt Hypoparathyroidism is a condition which the internist meets fairly commonly. It generally results from the inadvertent removal of one or more parathyroid glands in the process of thyroid op...