Joice Sifuentes dos Santos

Níveis de organoclorados em queijos produzidos no Estado do Rio Grande do Sul

ABSTRACT Organochlorine compounds are pesticides usedin agriculture, for the control of biological vectors of diseasesand of livestock ectoparasites. Their use in Brazil is nowprohibited, except for control of biological vectors in epidemics.However, residues of such compounds can still be found in theenvironment and in foodstuffs. For this reason, the presence oforganochlorine compounds in cheese produced in Rio Grandedo Sul state (Brazil), as well as the differences in organochlorinelevels between homemade and industrialized cheese wereevaluated. Fat extraction from samples was made by grindingwith anhydrous sodium sulfate followed by petroleum etherwashing. Pesticides were extracted from fat through a florisilcolumn eluted with hexane. The extract was used for thechromatographic analyses (electron capture gaschromatography). ∝ -HCH, HCB, lindane, aldrin, o,p-DDD,and p,p-DDD were found in 100% of samples; p,p-DDE in88.9%, and o,p-DDT in 94.4%. o,p-DDD was the pesticidefound at the highest concentration (11.5ng g

Nitrato e nitrito em leite produzido em sistemas convencional e orgânico

Nitrates and nitrites can be naturally found in many foods, including milk. Due to their toxicity there is a maximum level allowed for these compounds in foods. In the present study, nitrate and nitrite levels were evaluated in raw milk samples produced in conventional and organic systems. Samples were collected from farms of the Depressao Central of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The average levels of nitrate and nitrite in samples (n=45) were 6.65±0.84mg/L and 1.76±0.17mg/L, respectively. Milk produced in the organic system exhibited 7.08mg/L nitrate and 1.61mg/L nitrite, while milk produced in the conventional system exhibited 6.36 and 1.87mg/L, respectively. Nitrate and nitrite levels in raw milk were not affected by the production system, the period of collection, milking shift or the site of production (farm).

Contaminação por compostos organoclorados em salsichas hot-dog comercializadas na cidade de Santa Maria (RS), Brasil

With the objective of monitoring toxic compounds residues in food, the frequency and levels of organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls were verified in sausage samples, hot dog type, commercialized in the city of Santa Maria (RS), Brazil. Values were compared with the ones established by Brazilian legislation. For the analyses the extraction of fat from the samples was done. From the purification of the fat, there was acquisition of an extract in which was determined the organochlorine contaminants residues by gas chromatography with electronic capture detector (CG - µECD63Ni). It was learned that the lindane and HCB were the pesticides that presented the biggest concentration averages (0.001798ppm and 0.001652ppm, respectively). The detected sum of organochlorine pesticides average levels was 0.015783ppm; and from this sum 0.011165ppm belonged to DDT metabolites. The largest average concentration of polychlorinated biphenyls corresponded to the PCBs 10 (0.001817ppm) and 28 (0.002172ppm). Concentrations of organochlorine pesticides and PCBs found in the samples were below the maximum allowed by legislation.

Contaminação de Manteigas e o Efeito do Sal nos Microrganismos

O presente estudo foi realizado com o objetivo de verificar a influencia de residuos orgânicos no crescimento e na nutricao de mudas de Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. As mudas de C. brasiliense foram produzidas em canteiro com areia e, apos periodo de incubacao, foram transplantadas para os tubetes. Os residuos orgânicos foram misturados em diferentes proporcoes ao substrato comercial Basaplant® e solo, em tubetes com capacidade para 240 cm³. O delineamento utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado com 23 tratamentos e quatro repeticoes. Foram avaliados: altura, diâmetro de coleto, biomassa e a concentracao de nutrientes. A influencia dos substratos no crescimento das mudas de C. brasiliense dependera das combinacoes e proporcoes de residuos. No entanto, as combinacoes nao foram eficientes na disponibilizacao de N, Ca e Cu, devendo-se atentar para possiveis elevacoes nas concentracoes de macronutrientes que podem provocar sintomas de toxidez nas plantas.Esta revisao descrevera brevemente a relacao entre o Cordyceps spp. e sua participacao no sistema reprodutivo animal. Recentemente, estudos reportaram que ratos tratados com o Cordyceps sinensis apresentaram capacidade esteroidogenica aumentada. Assim, esta revisao providenciara uma perspectiva atual sobre as ultimas pesquisas que abordam tal assunto e suas implicacoes no tratamento complementar da andropausa. Outros aspectos basicos tambem serao discutidos como os androgenios.