Joko Hermanianto

Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory and antihypertensive activities of protein hydrolysate from meat of Kacang goat (Capra aegagrus hircus).

BACKGROUND The meat of Kacang goat has potential for production of a protein hydrolysate. Functional ingredients from protein hydrolysate of Kacang goat meat were determined by the consistency of angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory activity and antihypertensive effect. This study examined the potency of Kacang goat protein hydrolysate in ACE inhibition and antihypertensive activity. RESULT Protein hydrolysates of Kacang goat meat were prepared using sequential digestion of endo-proteinase and protease complex at several concentrations and hydrolysis times. The highest ACE inhibitory activity resulted from a hydrolysate that was digested for 4 h with 5 g kg(-1) of both enzymes. An ACE inhibitory peptide was purified and a novel peptide found with a sequence of Phe-Gln-Pro-Ser (IC50 value of 27.0 µmol L(-1) ). Both protein hydrolysates and a synthesised peptide (Phe-Gln-Pro-Ser) demonstrated potent antihypertensive activities in spontaneously hypertensive rats. CONCLUSION Protein hydrolysate of Kacang goat meat produced by sequential digestion with endo-proteinase and protease complex has great potential as a functional ingredient, particularly as an antihypertensive agent.

PENGARUH PENAMBAHAN BERBAGAI MODIFIKASI SERAT TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT PADA SIFAT FUNGSIONAL BIODEGRADABLE FOAM

Pengembangan biofoam sebagai alternatif pengganti styrofoam telah banyak dilakukan. Bahan utama dalam pembuatan biofoam adalah pati murni, namun biofoam yang dihasilkan masih bersifat rapuh dan mudah menyerap air. Oleh karena itu adonan biofoam perlu ditambahkan bahan lain diantaranya plasticizer , pati modifikasi, polimer sintetis dan serat. Salah satu serat alam yang cukup potensial yaitu tandan kosong sawit (TKS). Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pembuatan biofoam dari serat yang dimodifikasi dengan beberapa metode yang berbeda serta dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda sehingga dapat menghasilkan biofoam dengan karakteristik terbaik. Proses pembuatan biofoam dilakukan menggunakan teknik thermopressing dengan mencampurkan tapioka, Polivinil alcohol (PVA) dan dan jenis modifikasi STKS (selulosa tandan kosong sawit), NSTKS (nanoselulosa tandan kosong sawit) dan SATKS (selulosa asetat tandan kosong sawit) dengan konsentrasi serat (1%, 3% dan 5%). Karakterisasi biofoam meliputi daya serap air, kuat tekan, densitas, kristalinitas, titik leleh (Tm) dan morfologi. Jenis modifikasi NSTKS dan SATKS pada konsentrasi tinggi menghasilkan nilai daya serap air tinggi, kuat tekan rendah dan densitas rendah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa STKS 5% dapat menurunkan daya serap air, meningkatkan densitas dan kuat tekan. English Version Abstract Effect of Addition Various Modification Empty Fruit Bunches Fiber on Functional Properties of Biodegradable Foam Biodegradable foam as alternative to styrofoam has been developed with pure starch as the main ingredient, but biofoam produced is still fragile and easyly absorbs water. Therefore, other materials such as plasticizer, modified starch, synthetic polymers and fiber need to be added into dough formulation. One of the natural fibers of considerable potential is oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFB). The purpose of this study was determine the effect of incorporation of different concentration of fibers modified with several different methods on the biofoam characteristics. Biofoam was prepared by mixing tapioca, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), and various modification of EFB, namely STKS (empty fruit bunches cellulose), NSTKS (empty fruit bunches nanocellulose) and SATKS (empty fruit bunches cellulose acetate) by thermopressing technique. Each type of cellulose was added in three different concentrartion (1%, 3%, and 5%). Biofoam characterization included water absorbtion capacity, compressive strength, density, crystalinity, melting point (Tm) and morphology. Biofoam made from NSTKS and SATKS with high concentration have high water absorb capacity, low compressive strenght and density. The results showed that the addition of STKS at a concentration of 5% decreased water absorbtion capacity and, increased density and compressive strength.