Jonatas Thiago Piva

Adubação nitrogenada na produção de grãos e matéria seca de cultivares de trigo de duplo propósito

O trigo de duplo proposito possui potencial para producao de forragem e graos no mesmo cultivo. O objetivo foi avaliar a producao de forragem e de graos das cultivares BRS Taruma e BRS Umbu, em funcao de doses de nitrogenio (N). O experimento foi conduzido no ano de 2014, em delineamento experimental de blocos casualizados, em esquema de parcelas subdivididas. As parcelas foram constituidas por duas cultivares de trigo de duplo proposito (BRS Umbu e BRS Taruma) e as subparcelas, por quatro doses de nitrogenio (0, 30, 60, e 120 kg ha-1), com quatro repeticoes, sendo a aplicacao de forma parcelada. Nao houve interacao entre cultivares e doses de nitrogenio para os parâmetros avaliados. A cultivar BRS Umbu se destacou pela altura de plantas, comprimento de espiga, numero de graos por espiga e produtividade de graos. Na producao de massa seca, as cultivares nao diferiram entre si. Houve resposta linear positiva em relacao a dose de N para todos os componentes de rendimento e massa seca da forragem. Conclui-se que doses ate 120 kg de N ha-1 promovem o melhor rendimento em todos os parâmetros analisados, e que em relacao aos componentes de rendimento, assim como a produtividade de graos, a cultivar BRS Umbu destaca-se em relacao a BRS Taruma.

Management of nitrogen fertilization in maize cultivated in succession to black oats in a temperate climate

The objective of this study was to verify early nitrogen (N) fertilization on maize cultivated in succession to black oats. We conducted three experiments, relating to the 2012/13, 2013/14, and 2014/15 growing seasons, at UFSC-Curitibanos, in a randomized complete block experimental design, with four treatments and four replicates. The treatments were N management strategies in which the amount of N applied to maize was split into pre-sowing, at sowing, and topdressing times: (T1) control with no N application; (T2) 2/3 - 1/3 - 0; (T3) 1/3 - 1/3 - 1/3; and (T4) 0 - 1/3 - 2/3. The biometrics and productive potential parameters of the crop were evaluated. Application of N, regardless of the treatment, increased the yield. In 2012/13, there were no significant differences between the ways in which the N application was split, although they produced a higher yield than the control, resulting in a mean yield of 5,008 kg ha-1. In 2013/14, T2 was similar to T3 and T4, resulting in a yield of 9,858 kg ha-1; in 2014/15, T3 and T4 were similar, with a mean yield of 12,466 kg ha-1, while T2 resulted in a lower yield of 10,487 kg ha-1. When 2/3 of the N is applied pre-sowing, it is only effective when it is associated with the occurrence of a drought period at an early developmental stage of the plants. In adequate rainfall conditions, the early application of N fertilization is only effective when combined with a further 1/3 of the amount of N at sowing, and later as a topdressing.

Viabilidade técnica de fontes alternativas de adubação para o alho (Allium sativum L.) vernalizado no planalto Catarinense

The garlic demand in soil fertility terms and is considered responsive to nutrients application. Thus, the objective was to evaluate the alternative source effects of fertilizers on the technical and economic viability of vernalized garlic, Roxo Caxiense cultivar, in the Santa Catarina plateau region. The experiment was conducted in randomized blocks experimental design using four treatments (control treatment, mineral fertilizer, poultry litter, and vegetable ash from boiler) and four replications. The used doses were 0, 1250, 10000 and 15000 kg ha-1 for the control treatment, mineral fertilization, vegetable ash and poultry litter, respectively. The cultivar used was Roxo Caxiense, with no 5 bulbs selected for planting. The diameter, mass and bulbs productivity were evaluated, as well as economic aspects related to the sources of fertilization. For the bulb diameter, the sources differed only from the control treatment. Thus, the garlic classification in treatments with fertilization was class 5, while in the control it was class 4. For bulb mass and productivity, the poultry litter demonstrated a superior average to the ash use and the control treatment, but did not differ from the mineral fertilization. However, productivity increase was observed when using poultry litter in relation to mineral fertilization, and consequently higher total profit per area. The ash resulted in low investment, but due to lower productivity, it obtained lower profit per area compared to mineral fertilization and poultry litter. In the soil and climate conditions of the present study, organic fertilization with poultry litter proved to be viable, generating an increase of 5.6 and 14.5% in bulb productivity in relation to the use of mineral fertilizer and vegetable ash, respectively. The use of poultry litter presented the profit per hectare of R

Cultivo de milho em consórcio com capins tropicais

2,178.2 more than mineral fertilization.

Nitrous oxide emission factors for urine and dung patches in a subtropical Brazilian pastureland

O consorcio de milho com capins trata-se de uma pratica bastante utilizada em regioes de clima tropical. Entretanto nada se conhece sobre sua adocao em regioes de clima temperado. Este trabalho objetivou avaliar o crescimento de diferentes capins e sua influencia sobre o rendimento do milho em funcao do sistema de semeadura adotado no cultivo em consorcio no Planalto Catarinense. O experimento foi implantado em esquema fatorial 3x3, sendo os fatores compostos por tres sistemas de semeadura do capim e tres cultivares de braquiarias. As medias foram avaliadas pelo teste de Tukey, a 5% de probabilidade. O capim Urochloa ruziziensis cv. Ruziziensis apresentou maior aporte de materia seca total. O cultivo do milho em consorcio com os capins nao influenciou a produtividade da cultura, independente do sistema de semeadura e do capim utilizado.