Joo In Lee

Photoluminescence studies of excitonic transitions in GaN epitaxial layers

GaN epitaxial layers on sapphire substrates were grown by the rotating disk metal organic chemical vapor deposition technique. Excitonic transitions from conduction band to spin-orbit split valence bands were observed. At 12 K we observed donor bound exciton and a very weak acceptor bound exciton. The temperature dependence of luminescence peak positions of free-excitons A and B were fitted to the Varshni’s equation to study the variation of the band gap with temperature. The linewidth of the free exciton (A) was studied as a function of temperature and was explained by theoretical model considering the scattering of excitons with acoustic phonons and longitudinal optical phonons. In the 12 K spectrum we also observed phonon-assisted excitonic transitions. The activation energy of the free exciton (A) was found to be 26 meV, while that of the donor bound exciton was 7 meV. The binding energy of the donor was estimated as 35 meV and that of the acceptor as 250 meV. The band gap of GaN was found to be 3.505...

Magnesium acceptor levels in GaN studied by photoluminescence

Magnesium doped GaN epitaxial layers were grown by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition on sapphire substrate. Energy levels of these acceptors were investigated by systematic photoluminescence measurements in the temperature range of 12–300 K. Magnesium concentration was varied from <1×1019 to higher than 5×1019 cm−3. Photoluminescence measurements were made on the as-grown and annealed samples. We have observed various transitions related to donor to acceptor and their phonon replicas, conduction band to acceptors, and free excitons. Their dependence on temperature, concentration of the magnesium impurity and annealing conditions was discussed. In our study, two important observations were made. First, very deep level luminescence was not observed even in the highly magnesium doped as-grown samples. Second, free exciton transitions including valence band splittings were observed for the first time in the Mg-doped materials, demonstrating the high quality of the samples.

Effects of high potential barrier on InAs quantum dots and wetting layer

Effects of a thin AlAs layer (1 nm) with different position on InAs quantum dots (QDs) and wetting layer have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), photoluminescence (PL), and photoreflectance (PR). The PL peak position of InAs QDs directly grown on the thin AlAs is blueshifted from that of InAs QDs grown on the GaAs layer by 171 meV mainly due to the high potential barrier and reduced dot size shown in the TEM image. As the additional GaAs layer (1 and 2 nm) is inserted on top of the AlAs layer, the PL peak position is systematically shifted toward longer wavelength with increase in the thickness. Temperature dependent PL of QD samples shows that a thin AlAs layer significantly influences the thermal activation energy. The wetting layer related peak in PR spectra is changed to lower energy with increase in the thickness of an additional GaAs layer, which is mainly caused by the reduction in the effects of the AlAs layer.

Height-controlled InAs quantum dots by using a thin InGaAs layer

The structural and optical properties of height-controlled InAs quantum dots (QDs) have been investigated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and photoluminescence (PL). By depositing 1.4 nm In0.15Ga0.85As and a 1 monolayer (ML) InAs layer with different periods on 3 ML InAs QDs, the height of InAs QDs was systematically controlled with similar lateral size. In TEM images, the indication of dislocations due to the large strain, which can be easily seen in large QDs, is not observed even for the QD sample with the highest aspect ratio (height/width). The PL peak position is shifted toward the longer wavelength with an increase in the aspect ratio of QDs. As the aspect ratio is increased, the full width at half maximum in PL measured at 10 K is decreased from 71 to 34 meV indicating that the inhomogeneous broadening caused by the fluctuation in QD size, especially the height, is significantly reduced.

Growth of Si-doped InAs quantum dots and annealing effects on size distribution

We investigated the Si-doped InAs quantum dots (QDs) grown by molecular beam epitaxy and the annealing effects on the QD size distribution through photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. A double-peak feature in PL was observed from as-grown InAs QDs with Si-doping, and excitation intensity dependence of PL indicated that the double-peak feature is related to the ground-state emission from InAs QDs with bimodal size distribution. The PL spectrum from Si-doped InAs QDs subjected to annealing treatment at 800°C in nitrogen ambient showed three additional PL peaks and blue-shift of the double-peak feature observed from as-grown sample. The excitation-intensity-dependent PL and consideration of thermal stability of carriers through temperature-dependent PL measurement demonstrated that three additional peaks come from the InAs QDs with three new branches of QD occurring during annealing process.

MANY-BODY EFFECTS ON MODULATION-DOPED INAS/GAAS QUANTUM DOTS

The excitation intensity dependent photoluminescence spectra of various modulation-doped InAs/GaAs quantum dots exhibit the band filling and band-gap renormalization. From the time-resolved photoluminescence spectra, in addition to the interaction of the carriers in quantum dots with the remote ionized impurities in a GaAs barrier, the screening due to the two-dimensional charges is found to mainly affect the carrier lifetime in the modulation-doped quantum dots.

Effects of Si-doping in the barriers on the recombination dynamics in In0.15Ga0.85N/In0.015Ga0.985N quantum wells

A systematic study of time-resolved photoluminescence spectra from In0.15Ga0.85N/In0.015Ga0.985N quantum wells (QWs) with different Si-doping concentration in the barriers has been carried out. The 10 K recombination lifetimes in the QWs depend strongly on the Si-doping in the barriers, decreasing from ∼80 to ∼20 ns as the Si-doping level increases from 2×1018 to 1×1019 cm−3. The separation between the spontaneous and stimulated emission (SE) peaks and a shift of the emission peak to longer wavelengths with delay time after a pulsed excitation decrease with increasing Si doping. The increased recombination rate, the decrease of peak shift with delay time, and the reduced separation between the spontaneous and SE peaks with increasing Si doping are attributed to the screening of piezoelectric field by carriers originated from Si-doped barriers.

Free exciton transitions and varshni's coefficients for GaN epitaxial layers grown by horizontal lp-mocvd

We have studied the photoluminescence properties of undoped epitaxial layers of GaN on sapphire substrate grown by horizontal low pressure metal organic chemical vapor deposition method in the temperature range of 9-300 K. At 9 K the spectra are dominated by the well resolved interband free excitons A and B as well as bound excitons. Temperature dependence of free exciton transitions was studied and Varshni′s coefficients for the temperature variation of bandgap were determined.

Strong instantaneous contribution in femtosecond degenerate four‐wave mixing from 350 μm InP due to virtual excitation

We have observed strong four‐wave mixing (FWM) signals from the third up to the seventh order for a 350 μm undoped InP at 10 K with an excitation at far below the band gap. The third order spectrally resolved FWM signal shifts continuously to blue as time delay moves away from positive to negative. The peak intensities of the third and fifth order time‐integrated FWM signals decrease rapidly as the detuning increases, as (detuning)−2 and (detuning)−6, respectively. The FWM signal at far below the band gap is attributable to the strong instantaneous contribution of the excitation pulse.

Biexciton photoluminescence in cubic ZnS single crystals

The near-band-edge emission of cubic zinc sulfide single crystals has been studied in detail by steady-state photoluminescence (PL) and time-resolved photoluminescence. Based on the peak energy positions, excitation power density and temperature dependencies of the PL spectra, we interpret the emission as recombination of the free and bound excitons and of the biexcitons. We observed the biexciton emission at 3.791 eV in cubic ZnS single crystals with very low excitation power density. Its binding energy and radiative lifetime were determined to be about 9 meV and 52 ps at 12 K, respectively.