Jorge Luiz Xavier Lins Cunha

Caracterização socio-econômico-cultural de raizeiros e procedimentos pós-colheita de plantas medicinais comercializadas em Maceió, AL

The aim of this work was to establish the cultural, economic and social profile of herb sellers, as well as to survey postharvest procedures for medicinal plants commercialized in open-air markets from Maceio, Alagoas State, Brazil. Social, economic and cultural aspects from 46 herb sellers were evaluated, as well as the postharvest procedures adopted for conservation of medicinal plants commercialized in Maceio. Most of the interviewed herb sellers were born in Maceio, catholic, married, predominantly mulatto and black, and usually received more than one minimum wage per month. The majority of them had been working with medicinal plants for more than 10 years and their knowledge on the plants was mainly acquired from parents and grandparents. Around 30.43% concluded elementary studies. The mostly adopted method for plant drying was the alternated exposure to sun and shadow. The maximum drying and storage times were four days and one year, respectively. Drying and storage usually occurred in the sellers tent after work. There are failures regarding the adopted methods, which can compromise the efficacy of the plant curative compounds.

Definição da taxa de infiltração para dimensionamento de sistemas de irrigação por aspersão

The aim of this research was to determine which technique is the most appropriate for the infiltration rate definition for the design of sprinkler irrigation systems. The water infiltration data was obtained according to a net having variable spaces between infiltration test points of 1.5, 3, 6, 12, 24, 48 and 96 m, summing 97 test points. The discussions of results obtained by means of definition techniques, i.e. mode, harmonic mean, median, geometric mean, and simple arithmetic mean, square mean, cubic mean and bisquare were based on a larger number of attributes, such as techniques for classical statistics and geostatistical analysis. The equation model for the infiltration rate used was the Kostiakov. The simple arithmetic mean, which is considered the most used technique for definition of infiltration rate for sprinkler irrigation project, should not be used. The median and the geometric mean are the most recommended in sugar cane cultivation, however the median presented a higher number of desirable attributes. In the studied area, the adopted value of the infiltration rate for design must be between 30 and 44 mm h-1, when considering Md ± s2 ().

Indicadores agroeconômicos na avaliação do consórcio algodão herbáceo + amendoim

Objetivou-se estudar a influencia de cultivares de algodao e amendoim e epocas relativas de semeadura em consorcio, verificando-se as relacoes de competitividade entre as duas culturas. O experimento foi conduzido no municipio de Missao Velha, CE, Brasil, no campo experimental da Embrapa Algodao, no ano agricola de 2002. Foram analisados 20 tratamentos com 4 repeticoes, em delineamento estatistico de blocos ao acaso, em esquema de analise fatorial 2 x 2 x 4 + 2 + 2, cujos fatores foram duas cultivares de algodao (BRS 186 - precoce 3 e BRS 201), duas cultivares de amendoim (L7 e BR-1), quatro epocas de semeadura (0; 7; 14 e 21 dias) mais as testemunhas isoladas das duas cultivares de algodoeiro e amendoim.Considerando os resultados obtidos para renda bruta, renda liquida e taxa de retorno, considerou-se que nao houve vantagem economica para o produtor quando o algodao foi semeado em consorcio com o amendoim, ja que os valores referentes ao consorcio foram menores do que os cultivos isolados.

Production and efficiency of water usage in capsicum crops under notillage and conventional planting systems.

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of no-tillage and conventional planting systems, and of weed- management strategies on water-usage efficiency in capsicum crops. The experiment was carried out at the Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Arido in Mossoro, Rio Grande do Norte, using a split-plot layout in a randomized block design with four replications. The tillage systems were evaluated in the plots, and three weed-management strategies evaluated in the subplots (soil cover with polyethylene film, and with and without weeds). The density and dry mass of the weeds, the commercial and total productivity, and the daily water consumption were all evaluated. It was found that the no-tillage system reduced the density and dry mass of the weeds in comparison to conventional systems, and the interference of these plants reduced commercial productivity under both planting systems. The strategy of weeds under a no-tillage system, despite a higher water consumption, showed a productivity and efficiency of water usage superior to those of the strategies of polyethylene film both under no-tillage and conventional systems, and of weeds under a conventional tillage system.

Effect of Alternative Substrates and Trays for Production of Biquinho Pepper

This plant was cultivated long ago. However, the proper management of Biquinho pepper in relation to the production of the seedlings is unknown, being this a fundamentally important stage of the productive system. In which the quality of the seedling will directly influence the final performance of the plants, nutritional quality of the fruits, and in the time for seedling production. Thus, the present research had the objective of evaluating the effect of alternative substrates and trays for the production of Biquinho pepper seedlings. Five substrates and two types of trays were evaluated. Substrates were S1: Bioplant® commercial substrate (control); S2: earthworm humus; S3: soil; S4: 50% soil + 50% earthworm humus and S5: 75% soil + 25% earthworm humus, and tray types B1: with 98 cells, and B2: with 200 cells, in a completely randomized design, in the 5 x 2 factorial scheme, with four replications. For MSPA and MSSR it can be observed that substrates S1, S2, S4 and S5 had the best results, this was due to the accumulation of photoassimilates. Note that for both characteristics B1 provided the highest values, generating the greatest development of seedlings, S2, S4 and S5 substrates, combined with the B1 type of tray in the production of Biquinho pepper seedlings (Capsicum Chinense) are recommended.

Desempenho de genótipos de milho em sistemas de cultivo superadensados para produção de grãos

Os cultivos de milho no Brasil utilizam grandes areas, cada vez mais ha a necessidade de aumentar a produtividade devido a limitada area agricola, com isso surge a necessidade do desenvolvimento de genotipo que deem respostas favoraveis as tecnicas de manejo utilizadas, em que o aumento da densidade populacional e uma dessas. O objetivo desse trabalho foi avaliar o desempenho de genotipos de milho em sistemas de cultivo superadensados para a producao de graos. O experimento foi conduzido na Universidade Federal de Alagoas, no municipio de Rio Largo – AL, sendo conduzido no periodo de dezembro de 2013 a abril de 2014. Foram avaliados oito genotipos de milho: Alagoano, Branca, Nordestino, Sao Luiz, Vicosense, BR 106, AL Bandeirante e Jabotao. Esses foram avaliados em dois espacamentos: 0,6 m x 0,2 m e 0,8 m x 0,2 m, com 10 plantas por metro linear, utilizando o delineamento em blocos casualizados, no esquema fatorial de 8 x 2, com tres repeticoes. Foram avaliadas variaveis de interesse agronomico para a producao de graos. A reducao de espacamento entre linhas de plantio de 0,80 para 0,60 m proporciona um maior rendimento de graos e de massa verde da planta inteira. Os genotipos Vicosense, Branca e Sao Luiz e a variedade crioula Jabotao apresentaram os maiores rendimentos de graos com o aumento da densidade populacional, acima de 13 t ha -1 . Os genotipos do Alagoano, Branca, Nordestino, Sao Luiz e Vicosense apresentaram um rendimento medio de materia verde da planta inteira de 62,94 t ha -1 .