Jorge Ocampo-Candiani

Intracellular activity of tedizolid phosphate and ACH-702 versus Mycobacterium tuberculosis infected macrophages.

BackgroundDue to the emergency of multidrug-resistant strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is necessary the evaluation of new compounds.FindingsTedizolid, a novel oxazolidinone, and ACH-702, a new isothiazoloquinolone, were tested against M. tuberculosis infected THP-1 macrophages. These two compounds significantly decreased the number of intracellular mycobacteria at 0.25X, 1X, 4X and 16X the MIC value. The drugs were tested either in nanoparticules or in free solution.ConclusionTedizolid and ACH-702 have a good intracellular killing activity comparable to that of rifampin or moxifloxacin.

Oral zinc sulfate for unresponsive cutaneous viral warts: too good to be true? A double‐blind, randomized, placebo‐controlled trial

Oral zinc sulfate has been used in the treatment of cutaneous viral warts with a very promising result in a previous placebo-controlled, single blind trial in Iraq in which almost all the patients who completed the study (20 of 23; 86.9%) were reported to have responded with complete clearance of the warts. No patient in the placebo group (0 of 20; 0%) responded. All patients in the zinc group had nausea, but this was not sufficiently severe to cause treatment discontinuation. It was noteworthy that all patients with warts had a significantly lower zinc level than that of a matched healthy population; however, the method used for randomization (systematic random sampling) was questionable and almost half of the patients did not complete the study, which was not explained. We performed a study to determine if oral zinc sulfate is superior to placebo in the treatment of viral skin warts. This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. The sample size was estimated for a study in which two proportions are compared with a v test or a z-test. Using estimated response rates of 65% and 25% for zinc and placebo, respectively, a significance criterion of 0.05 and a statistical power of 0.80, the number needed for the study was calculated as 46, and we added 4 more to cover any withdrawals. The method used for randomization was randomly permuted blocks using an online randomization scheme (http://www.randomization.com). We recruited 50 patients with ‡ 5 viral warts, who had used at least one standard treatment without success (Fig. 1). Half were randomized to receive oral placebo (starch) and half zinc sulfate 10 mg ⁄ kg ⁄ day in identical capsules for 2 months (Fig. 2) and both groups had blood determinations of zinc, interleukin (IL)-2 and interferon (IFN)-c at baseline and last visit. Response was defined as disappearance of at least 50% of the baseline number of lesions. There were no significant differences in response or clearance rates. In the placebo group, six patients had a response (24%), and in the zinc group seven patients

Dermabrasion in xeroderma pigmentosum

BACKGROUND Dermabrasion is one choice of treatment for patients with severe actinic damage. OBJECTIVE To report the youngest xeroderma pigmentosum patient to have received the benefits of this procedure. METHODS The dermabrasion was performed under general anesthesia using an acrotorcque hand engine. RESULTS New tumor formation was reduced for several months after the treatment. CONCLUSION Dermabrasion can be considered as another therapeutic choice for young xeroderma pigmentosum patients with severe actinic damage.

Crusted Demodicosis in an Immunocompetent Pediatric Patient

Demodicosis refers to the infestation by Demodex spp., a saprophytic mite of the pilosebaceous unit. Demodex proliferation can result in a number of cutaneous disorders including pustular folliculitis, pityriasis folliculorum, papulopustular, and granulomatous rosacea, among others. We report the case of a 7-year-old female presenting with pruritic grayish crusted lesions over her nose and cheeks, along with facial erythema, papules, and pustules. The father referred chronic use of topical steroids. A potassium hydroxide mount of a pustule scraping revealed several D. folliculorum mites. Oral ivermectin (200u2009μg/kg, single dose) plus topical permethrin 5% lotion applied for 3 consecutive nights were administered. Oral ivermectin was repeated every week and oral erythromycin plus topical metronidazole cream was added. The facial lesions greatly improved within the following 3 months. While infestation of the pilosebaceous unit by Demodex folliculorum mites is common, only few individuals present symptoms. Demodicosis can present as pruritic papules, pustules, plaques, and granulomatous facial lesions. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of facial crusted demodicosis in an immunocompetent child. The development of symptoms in this patient could be secondary to local immunosuppression caused by the chronic use of topical steroids.

Protein tyrosine phosphatase PTPN22 +1858C/T polymorphism is associated with active vitiligo

Vitiligo is characterized by a skin depigmentation disorder resulting from an autoimmune response targeting melanocytes. Within the genetic factors involved in the development of the vitiligo immune response, various genes in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) and non-MHC loci have been considered to be risk factors. The PTPN22 gene encodes for a lymphoid protein tyrosine phosphatase, a regulator of the activation and development of T-cells. The +1858C/T polymorphism has been associated to autoimmune disease susceptibility in different populations and could be implicated in the onset of vitiligo. To assess the possible association between the presence of PTPN22 +1858C/T and vitiligo, 187 patients with vitiligo and 223 control subjects were analyzed in the study. Genomic DNA was isolated using the salting-out method and samples were subjected to polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in order to detect the PTPN22 +1858C/T polymorphism. Causal associations were determined by χ2 test and their respective odds ratio (OR) was assessed in a 2×2 contingency table. The results showed an association between active vitiligo and the allele T load [P=0.0418; OR, 2.5706; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.0040–6.5816], and active vitiligo-CT genotype (P=0.0389, OR, 2.6548; 95% CI, 1.0191–6.9156). In conclusion, the present data indicates a possible association between the PTPN22 +1858C/T genotype and a significant susceptibility of developing an active form of vitiligo.

Acrodermatitis Enteropathica: A Novel SLC39A4 Gene Mutation in a Patient with Normal Zinc Levels.

Acrodermatitis enteropathica (AE) is a rare disease that results from a defective gene, SLC39A4, and is characterized by dermatitis, alopecia, and diarrhea. We report a case of AE presenting with only periorificial and acral dermatitis in which genetic testing revealed two novel compound heterozygous missense mutations for SLC39A4. This case demonstrates that not all AE mutations alter zinc transporters in the same manner and highlights the phenotypic variability of AE.

Mycobacterium lepromatosis Infections in Nuevo León, Mexico

ABSTRACT The frequency of infection caused by the recently described pathogen Mycobacterium lepromatosis is unknown. Here, we describe the demographics, clinical characteristics, and therapeutic outcomes of five lepromatous leprosy patients suffering from M. lepromatosis infection in Nuevo Léon, Mexico. Diagnosis was facilitated by a new highly specific PCR procedure.

Draft Genome Sequence of Actinomadura madurae LIID-AJ290, Isolated from a Human Mycetoma Case

ABSTRACT Here we present the draft genome sequence of a member of the Thermomonosporaceae, Actinomadura madurae LIID-AJ290, isolated from a human case of mycetoma. The assembly contains 10,308,866 bp. This is to our knowledge the first reported genome of a human-pathogenic Actinomadura species.

Actinomycetoma of the scalp after a car accident

Backgroundu2002 Actinomycetoma is the most frequent type of mycetoma in Mexico. Localization on the scalp is very rare. Because of this topography and potential spread to the brain, the present case became a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.

Complication of a Polyalkylimide Implant in a Patient with Facial Trauma

Filler materials have been used for contouring fine lines and wrinkles caused by aging, as well as to improve scars and congenital defects. A filler must be versatile in its usage, have a low possibility of adverse effects, and have a low potential for abuse. One of the main limitations of filler materials is the volume that can be injected, because there are diseases like facial lipoatrophy and congenital defects that require large amounts to repair them.