José Antônio Caldas Teixeira

Posicionamento oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte e da Sociedade Brasileira de Geriatria e Gerontologia: atividade física e saúde no idoso

Antonio Claudio Lucas da Nobrega, Elizabete Viana de Freitas, Marcos Aurelio Brazao de Oliveira,Marcelo Bichels Leitao, Jose Kawazoe Lazzoli, Ricardo Munir Nahas, Claudio Aparicio Silva Baptista,Felix Albuquerque Drummond, Luciano Rezende, Josbel Pereira, Maurilio Pinto,Rosana Bento Radominski, Neiva Leite, Edilson Schwansee Thiele, Arnaldo Jose Hernandez,Claudio Gil Soares de Araujo, Jose Antonio Caldas Teixeira, Tales de Carvalho,Serafim Ferreira Borges e Eduardo Henrique De Rose

Atividade física e saúde na infância e adolescência

Um estilo de vida ativo em adultos está associado a uma redução da incidência de várias doenças crônico-degenerativas bem como a uma redução da mortalidade cardiovascular e geral. Em crianças e adolescentes, um maior nível de atividade física contribui para melhorar o perfil lipídico e metabólico e reduzir a prevalência de obesidade. Ainda, é mais provável que uma criança fisicamente ativa se torne um adulto também ativo. Em conseqüência, do ponto de vista de saúde pública e medicina preventiva, promover a atividade física na infância e na adolescência significa estabelecer uma base sólida para a redução da prevalência do sedentarismo na idade adulta, contribuindo desta forma para uma melhor qualidade de vida. Nesse contexto, ressaltamos que a atividade física é qualquer movimento como resultado de contração muscular esquelética que aumente o gasto energético acima do repouso e não necessariamente a prática desportiva. Este documento, elaborado por médicos especialistas em exercício e esporte, baseia-se em conceitos científicos e na experiência clínica, tendo como objetivos: 1) estabelecer os benefícios da atividade física na criança e no adolescente; 2) caracterizar os elementos de avaliação e prescrição do exercício para a saúde nessa faixa etária; 3) estimular a recomendação e a prática da atividade física nas crianças e adolescentes, mesmo na presença de doenças crônicas, visto que são raras as contra-indicações absolutas.

Posicionamento Oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte sobre: esporte Competitivo em Indivíduos acima de 35 anos

o fato de que o idoso nao tolera bem os extremos de tem-peratura e umidade, devendo ser evitados exercicios inten-sos sob tais condicoes climaticas, devido a possibilidadede hipertermia ou hipotermia.Documentos institucionais previamente publicados tra-caram recomendacoes quanto a pratica de exercicios com-petitivos em portadores de doencas cardiovasculares; quan-to aos criterios de afastamento e elegibilidade para compe-ticao desportiva; e quanto aos criterios para deteccao dedoencas cardiovasculares em uma populacao aparentementesaudavel. Entretanto, esses documentos se concentraram,principalmente, em atletas jovens ou individuos idosos pra-ticantes de atividade fisica de carater nao-competitivo.As competicoes para veteranos, organizadas pelas con-federacoes nacionais, federacoes regionais ou por associa-coes de atletas apresentam com frequencia bom nivel tec-nico. Alguns atletas com idades para serem consideradosveteranos ( master) ainda mantem carreiras competitivas emalgumas modalidades, participando de campeonatos mun-diais absolutos ou mesmo dos Jogos Olimpicos, com bonsresultados.O objetivo deste Posicionamento Oficial da SociedadeBrasileira de Medicina do Esporte (

Position statement of the Brazilian Society of Sports Medicine: physical activity and health in children and adolescents

Jose Kawazoe Lazzoli, Antonio Claudio Lucas da Nobrega, Tales de Carvalho,Marcos Aurelio Brazao de Oliveira, Jose Antonio Caldas Teixeira, Marcelo Bichels Leitao,Neiva Leite, Flavia Meyer, Felix Albuquerque Drummond, Marcelo Salazar da Veiga Pessoa,Luciano Rezende, Eduardo Henrique De Rose, Sergio Toledo Barbosa, Joao Ricardo Turra Magni,Ricardo Munir Nahas, Glaycon Michels and Victor Matsudo

Effect of Nebivolol on MIBG Parameters and Exercise in Heart Failure with Normal Ejection Fraction

Background More than 50% of the patients with heart failure have normal ejection fraction (HFNEF). Iodine-123 metaiodobenzylguanidine (123I-MIBG) scintigraphy and cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPET) are prognostic markers in HFNEF. Nebivolol is a beta-blocker with vasodilating properties. Objectives To evaluate the impact of nebivolol therapy on CPET and123I-MIBG scintigraphic parameters in patients with HFNEF. Methods Twenty-five patients underwent 123I-MIBG scintigraphy to determine the washout rate and early and late heart-to-mediastinum ratios. During the CPET, we analyzed the systolic blood pressure (SBP) response, heart rate (HR) during effort and recovery (HRR), and oxygen uptake (VO2). After the initial evaluation, we divided our cohort into control and intervention groups. We then started nebivolol and repeated the tests after 3 months. Results After treatment, the intervention group showed improvement in rest SBP (149 mmHg [143.5-171 mmHg] versus 135 mmHg [125-151 mmHg, p = 0.016]), rest HR (78 bpm [65.5-84 bpm] versus 64.5 bpm [57.5-75.5 bpm, p = 0.028]), peak SBP (235 mmHg [216.5-249 mmHg] versus 198 mmHg [191-220.5 mmHg], p = 0.001), peak HR (124.5 bpm [115-142 bpm] versus 115 bpm [103.7-124 bpm], p= 0.043), HRR on the 1st minute (6.5 bpm [4.75-12.75 bpm] versus 14.5 bpm [6.7-22 bpm], p = 0.025) and HRR on the 2nd minute (15.5 bpm [13-21.75 bpm] versus 23.5 bpm [16-31.7 bpm], p = 0.005), but no change in peak VO2 and 123I-MIBG scintigraphic parameters. Conclusion Despite a better control in SBP, HR during rest and exercise, and improvement in HRR, nebivolol failed to show a positive effect on peak VO2 and 123I-MIBG scintigraphic parameters. The lack of effect on adrenergic activity may be the cause of the lack of effect on functional capacity.

Teste de esforco cardiopulmonar na insuficiencia cardiaca de fracao de ejecao normal

ABSTRACT Introduction: The cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) provides data that guide treatment, prognosis and decision making. However its use in heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFnEF) is still not all clear, especially considering new variables that are emerging. Objective: To compare the behavior of key diagnostic and prognostic variables of CPX testing between two groups; patients with heart with reduced ejection fraction of (HfrEF) and those with HFnEF). Methods: 36 patients with heart failure were evaluated in Nyah functional class II-III: 20 with HFnEF and 16 patients with HFrEF at the Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro (UFF). The patients from HFrEF group were those with EF<35%, and those from the HFnEF group follow the diagnostic criteria of the European Society of Cardiology 2007. CPX was performed on a treadmill with a ramp protocol, with gas analyzer VO2000. The Student t test, Mann-Whitney test and Fisher, generalized linear model and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for statistical analysis were applied. Results: The HFnEF group presented higher levels of blood pressure at rest, higher response to exertion, higher circulatory and ventilatory power, and longer recovery kinetics of oxygen uptake. There was no difference in relation to other prognostic variables of CPX in the HFrEF group. Conclusions: The blood pressure at rest and during exercise, the circulatory and ventilatory capacity and the kinetics of VO2 (T1/2), were the variables that showed the highest discriminative value between the two populations by CPX.Keywords: exercise test; heart failure; exercise.

Cardiotoxicity of Doxorubicin Treatment and Physical Activity: A Systematic Review

O presente estudo investigou se a prática de exercícios possui um efeito protetor contra a toxicidade cardíaca decorrente do tratamento com doxorrubicina. Para tal, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, de ensaios clínicos randomizados que verificam o exercício como meio de controle ou prevenção da cardiotoxicidade induzida pela utilização de DOX. Foram realizadas buscas nas bases de dados MEDLINE e LILACS. Foram utilizados os descritores: exercício, condicionamento físico, antraciclinas, doxorrubicina, adriamicina, agentes cardiotóxicos. Para seleção dos trabalhos que se incluíam nos critérios estabelecidos, foram avaliados os resumos de todos os artigos. Foram excluídos estudos que não abordaram o tema central da pesquisa, não se referiram ao exercício físico ou a DOX, abordaram exclusivamente outros tipos de toxicidade por antraciclinas (muscular, hepática e renal), ou verificaram outros efeitos do exercício sobre toxicidade da DOX (fadiga). O presente estudo observou, com relação às variáveis relacionadas à prescrição de exercício, que a frequência não apresentou relação direta com os resultados dos referidos estudos. A intensidade também não foi definitiva para a preservação da função cardíaca, porém o treinamento mais intenso esteve relacionado com melhoras no sistema antioxidante que não esteve presente em alguns estudos com intensidades mais baixas. Não houve diferença significativa nos efeitos dos exercícios quando realizados antes, durante ou depois do tratamento. Portanto, exercício aeróbio parece exercer um efeito protetor das funções cardíacas se realizado antes, durante ou depois do tratamento com DOX. Porém, os mecanismos associados a esse efeito ainda são desconhecidos.

Elevated Heart Rate is Associated with Cardiac Denervation in Patients with Heart Failure: A 123-Iodine-MIBG Myocardial Scintigraphy Study

Background In the Systolic Heart Failure Treatment With the If Inhibitor Ivabradine Trial (SHIFT), heart rate (HR) reduction with ivabradine was associated with improved survival and reduced hospitalizations in patients with heart failure (HF). The mechanisms by which elevated HR increases mortality are not fully understood. Objective To assess the relationship of baseline HR with clinical, neurohormonal and cardiac sympathetic activity in patients with chronic HF and elevated HR. Method Patients with chronic HF who were in sinus rhythm and had resting HR>70 bpm despite optimal medical treatment were included in a randomized, double-blind study comparing ivabradine versus pyridostigmine. This report refers to the baseline data of 16 initial patients. Baseline HR (before randomization to one of the drugs) was assessed, and patients were classified into two groups, with HR below or above mean values. Cardiac sympathetic activity was assessed by 123-iodine-metaiodobenzylguanidine myocardial scintigraphy. Results Mean HR was 83.5±11.5 bpm (range 72 to 104), and seven (43.7%) patients had HR above the mean. These patients had lower 6-min walk distance (292.3±93 vs 465.2±97.1 m, p=0.0029), higher values of N-Terminal-proBNP (median 708.4 vs 76.1, p=0.035) and lower late heart/mediastinum rate, indicating cardiac denervation (1.48±0.12 vs 1.74±0.09, p<0.001). Conclusion Elevated resting HR in patients with HF under optimal medical treatment was associated with cardiac denervation, worse functional capacity, and neurohormonal activation.

La prueba de esfuerzo cardiopulmonar en la insuficiencia cardiaca de fraccion de eyeccion normal

ABSTRACT Introduction: The cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) provides data that guide treatment, prognosis and decision making. However its use in heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFnEF) is still not all clear, especially considering new variables that are emerging. Objective: To compare the behavior of key diagnostic and prognostic variables of CPX testing between two groups; patients with heart with reduced ejection fraction of (HfrEF) and those with HFnEF). Methods: 36 patients with heart failure were evaluated in Nyah functional class II-III: 20 with HFnEF and 16 patients with HFrEF at the Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro (UFF). The patients from HFrEF group were those with EF<35%, and those from the HFnEF group follow the diagnostic criteria of the European Society of Cardiology 2007. CPX was performed on a treadmill with a ramp protocol, with gas analyzer VO2000. The Student t test, Mann-Whitney test and Fisher, generalized linear model and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for statistical analysis were applied. Results: The HFnEF group presented higher levels of blood pressure at rest, higher response to exertion, higher circulatory and ventilatory power, and longer recovery kinetics of oxygen uptake. There was no difference in relation to other prognostic variables of CPX in the HFrEF group. Conclusions: The blood pressure at rest and during exercise, the circulatory and ventilatory capacity and the kinetics of VO2 (T1/2), were the variables that showed the highest discriminative value between the two populations by CPX.Keywords: exercise test; heart failure; exercise.

Cardiopulmonary stress testing in heart failure with normal ejection fraction

ABSTRACT Introduction: The cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX) provides data that guide treatment, prognosis and decision making. However its use in heart failure with normal ejection fraction (HFnEF) is still not all clear, especially considering new variables that are emerging. Objective: To compare the behavior of key diagnostic and prognostic variables of CPX testing between two groups; patients with heart with reduced ejection fraction of (HfrEF) and those with HFnEF). Methods: 36 patients with heart failure were evaluated in Nyah functional class II-III: 20 with HFnEF and 16 patients with HFrEF at the Hospital Universitario Antonio Pedro (UFF). The patients from HFrEF group were those with EF<35%, and those from the HFnEF group follow the diagnostic criteria of the European Society of Cardiology 2007. CPX was performed on a treadmill with a ramp protocol, with gas analyzer VO2000. The Student t test, Mann-Whitney test and Fisher, generalized linear model and the Cochran-Mantel-Haenszel test for statistical analysis were applied. Results: The HFnEF group presented higher levels of blood pressure at rest, higher response to exertion, higher circulatory and ventilatory power, and longer recovery kinetics of oxygen uptake. There was no difference in relation to other prognostic variables of CPX in the HFrEF group. Conclusions: The blood pressure at rest and during exercise, the circulatory and ventilatory capacity and the kinetics of VO2 (T1/2), were the variables that showed the highest discriminative value between the two populations by CPX.Keywords: exercise test; heart failure; exercise.