José Luis Coca-Pérez

Analyzing the relationship between exploration, exploitation and organizational innovation

Purpose Although most of the literature supports the existence of a substitutive relationship between exploration and exploitation, some authors suggest that this relationship is complementary (ambidexterity), and others argue that there is no relationship. This paper aims to introduce organizational innovation into the analysis and discusses which of these three relationships prevails. Design/methodology/approach Analyses were performed using data from Spanish Technological Innovation Panel for the period 2008-2013. It should be emphasized that the use of panel data is essential in the analysis of the interaction of exploration and exploitation, as exploration only makes sense in the long run. Econometric strategy uses a two-stage selection model, estimated using the Wooldridge’s (1995) consistent estimator for panel data with sample selection. To perform the test, the hypothesis uses the approach of complementarity. Findings The results show that the relationships exploration-organizational innovation and exploitation-organizational innovation are complementary, provided that the analysis is performed on companies that simultaneously carry out exploration and exploitation activities, respectively. This indicates that the achievement of ambidexterity is strongly conditioned by the simultaneous realization of organizational innovations. Practical implications Managers and policymakers should be aware that the simultaneous implementation of exploration and exploitation yields better results when the corresponding organizational innovations are also implemented. Originality/value This paper extends the empirical investigation of the relationship between exploration and exploitation, seen in conjunction with organizational innovation, and using the complementarity approach as a research tool.

Relations between technological and non-technological innovations in the service sector

ABSTRACT In the economic literature, there is a debate on whether technological and non-technological innovations share the same determinants. As a result of this debate, two opposing views have emerged: the distinctive view argues that the determinants of both technologies are different; on the contrary, the integrative view considers that both types of technologies share determinants. The main objective that we pursue in this study is to test which of the two views is prevalent in the service sector of the Spanish economy. Analyses were performed using data from Spanish Technological Innovation Panel for the period 2008–2012. To perform hypothesis tests, the approach of complementarity was used. Our findings indicate that neither of the two approaches has been fully accredited, although the distinctive view is more prevalent. However, this radiography of relations tells us that companies can achieve further increases in productivity if technological innovation and non-technological innovation are implemented simultaneously.

Integration of Virtual Teaching/Learning Environments in Higher Education for the Development of Formative Assessment in the Field of Accounting

So-called “virtual campuses” are mainly used by universities with “blended learning” systems, which involve a combination of face-to-face instruction and learning by digital means. “Blended learning” is at the heart of a transformation of the teaching/learning process in higher education, for it opens up the possibility of generating a community of inquiry and learning beyond the face-to-face classroom. The European Higher Education Area framework has given students the lead role in the new educational scenario in a model in which the use of information and communications technology along with active learning methodologies is facilitating competency-based learning, autonomous use of educational resources and collaborative work, as well as a development of formative assessment allowing for suitable assessment frequency and providing useful feedback, enhancing students’ motivation and academic performance.

Economic and Financial Analysis of Bankruptcy of Football Teams

This chapter aims to show a different point of view on one of the most famous sports in the world: football. The objective is to present a perspective that not many people get to see or even know about, because it is not about which player scores more goals or which team gets more titles. The approach that we want to show is the financial and economic state of each team, meaning, for example, why can some teams invest a large amount of money in players and facilities and other teams cannot? Why are there teams that relegate their division to a lower one? Is it just because they do not afford their goals or is there something else? What is there behind these sports goals? Is football just a game? What economic and financial situation are Spanish football teams in? To give an answer to all of those questions, we have studied the CAMEL variables and ratios of 13 Spanish football corporations throughout the 2003–2012 period. The results show that the majority of the clubs cannot control their financial status, sometimes due to unrealistic goals and other times due to lack of management and financial control. It leads to an economic downturn which is also supported by the wrong distribution of TV rights. However, as it can be observed in this chapter, there is some good news for Spanish Football Teams. As this chapter shows, it is possible to control the financial status setting some limits and controlling the financial rates. Also, it is important to highlight that the Professional Football League is changing the distribution of TV rights, which will be distributed in a more equal way, which will reduce the big difference among incomes between the first positioned teams in the table and the last positioned teams. Also, UEFA is interested in this issue due to the high level of clubs that find themselves in a debt-ridden situation and will penalize the teams that did not accomplish their financial requirement, which can be read in this chapter.