José Luis Pedraz Muñoz

New N-alkyl-1,2-dihydro-2-thioxo-3-pyridinecarbothioamides as antituberculous agents with improved pharmacokinetics

Infections caused by multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria are difficult to treat and, indeed, new therapeutic agents are being sought. As a part of an ongoing research in our laboratories, novel N-alkyl-1,2-dihydro-2-thioxo-3-pyridinecarbothioamides have been synthesized and evaluated against several strains of MT and Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC). The pharmacokinetics and relative bioavailability after intravenous administration of three derivatives have been investigated. Introduction of a hydroxyl or a tertiary amino group in the N-alkyl chain resulted in an improved pharmacokinetic profile without affecting sensitively the antituberculous potency.

Dwell-Time Distributions in Quantum Mechanics

Time observables time observables in quantum mechanics have a long and debated history [35]. In spite of the fact that random time variables, measured after a system is prepared, are common in laboratories, most often it has been argued that questions about time in quantum mechanics should best be left alone, as illustrated by the frequent reference to Pauli’s theorem. Alternatively, the emphasis has been laid on characteristic times, i.e., single time quantities characterizing a process such as tunneling or decay. This, in many ways, runs counter to the usual procedure in quantum mechanics, where additionally to the average value of a quantity we require prediction of higher order moments of that quantity; in other words, the probability distribution.

Specific requirements for somatic cell therapy medicinal products and tissue engineered products

Advanced-therapymedicinal products (ATMPs) are medicines for human use that are based on genes (gene therapy), cells (somatic-cell therapy) or tissues (tissue engineering) and include autologous, allogeneic, or xenogenic origin products. They are new therapeutic strategies and their development will contribute to providing opportunities for some diseases that so far lack effective treatments. The main objective of the pharmaceutical industry is to introduce on the market effective medications that increase hope and quality of life of the population, not to mention the safety criteria. To do this, it is important to know well the existing advanced therapies regulation allowing you to more easily perform the translation of basic research carried out in research laboratories and that decision making is quality. Definitions from a point of view regulatory of these medications are in the Regulation (EC) N◦ 1394/2007 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 November 2007 on advanced therapy (Chapter 1, article 2) drugs and the Directive 2001/83/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 6 November 2001 by establishing a community relating to medicinal products for human use code (annex I part IV, according to its last modification).