José Luiz Miotto

Produção artesanal e sustentável de bambu laminado colado

Em dias em que a industria da construcao civil e uma das que mais impacta o meio ambiente, o bambu surge como um material alternativo, recurso renovavel, versatil e de baixo impacto ambiental. Este trabalho visa estruturar um metodo artesanal e sustentavel para a fabricacao de bambu laminado colado. Para isso, foi proposto um metodo de confeccao de pecas de bambu laminado colado, a partir do emprego de adesivo poliuretano a base de oleo de mamona, que se divide em sete etapas principais: colheita; taliscamento; tratamento preservativo; usinagem das taliscas; preparo do adesivo; colagem e prensagem; e aplainamento final. As fases de producao foram realizadas de modo com que empregassem ferramentas com baixa tecnologia, alem de tecnicas de facil execucao. Verificou-se que o metodo de fabricacao proposto manteve o carater sustentavel do material, alem de fornecer bases para estudos futuros quanto a melhoria do processo produtivo. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Bambu Laminado Colado. Producao Artesanal. Sustentabilidade.

ESTUDO DE IMPACTO ECONÔMICO E AMBIENTAL DEVIDO AO AUMENTO DA RESISTÊNCIA DO CONCRETO NA PRODUÇÃO DE PILARES SUBMETIDOS A PEQUENAS CARGAS DE COMPRESSÃO

The use of concrete with strengths up to conventional allows the construction of structural elements with greater durability due to their characteristics. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to evaluate the economic and environmental impacts due to increased strength of concrete in the design and execution of columns subject to small loads of compression. Thus, the columns were dimensioned with 1000 kN loading pattern, 3.2 meters height and square cross section. It was analyzed the design of this section, execution cost for concrete with compression strength of the concrete (fck) ranging from 20 MPa to 50 MPa, cement consumption and CO2 emission associated with cement and steel consumption per structural element. The results showed that, taking the dimensioned column with C25 concrete as a reference, with increasing compressive strength of the concrete column, is possible to gain a reduction of the area occupied up to 45%, decreasing costs by up to 18% and reducing damage caused to the environment related to the consumption of cement and steel, because the columns dimensioned with concrete with strengths up to conventional until C45 had lower CO2 emission associated with cement and steel per structural element than those with the scaled reference concrete. nKeywords: economic viability, useful area gain, durability, sustainability.

AVALIAÇÃO DO USO SUSTENTÁVEL DA ARBORIZAÇÃO URBANA NO MUNICÍPIO DE CAFEARA, PARANÁ

The proper study aims to assess sustainability conditions of afforestation in Cafeara streets, PR state, and recommend possible management techniques for vegetation in urban areas. Therefore, there was the development of a tree inventory associated with the practice of on-site interviews, allowing the diagnosis of species in the study area and verify the behavior of afforestation. Along with the preparation of the research, it was found that the city had development of sustainable vegetation, evidenced by planting native seedlings, preparation of environmental projects and maintenance management techniques. Despite the recognition of sustainable techniques performed by the trees, we observed that the studied municipality has the potential for significant progress on the proposed theme, thus reducing part of arboreal conflicts with public facilities and enhancing the benefits of vegetation. As an alternative for the resolution of the existing problems, it is recommended the stimulation of corrective measures, among them: planting tree species in places of intense sunstroke, waste disposal pruning as a form of fertilizer, crop species with floristic and/or fruitful potential, besides the development of a municipal management plan for afforestation. For all the above, it was noted that although there is need for readjustments, the afforestation system has been effective as its functionality, acting sustainably due to the implementation of public management actions and citizen participation.

ETAPAS DO GERENCIAMENTO DE RESÍDUOS DA CONSTRUÇÃO CIVIL

A industria da construcao civil seguramente e uma das mais importantes atividades socioeconomicas do Brasil, perfazendo uma parcela de 6,5% do Produto Interno Bruto (PIB) do pais em 2014. Contudo, devido a capacidade de mudanca da paisagem, o consumo excessivo de recursos naturais e a elevada geracao de residuos, a construcao civil configura-se como uma atividade potencialmente degradante ao ambiente. O gerenciamento de Residuos da Construcao Civil (RCC) torna-se indispensavel para garantir a correta destinacao destes residuos, visando a utilizacao dos recursos empregados nas construcoes com adocao de praticas mais sustentaveis. Neste prisma, o trabalho busca apresentar as etapas que devem ser contempladas no gerenciamento dos RCC das diferentes classes definidas pela Resolucao N° 307/2002 do CONAMA. Para isso, leva-se em conta a previa caracterizacao dos residuos e posteriormente as etapas de segregacao, acondicionamento, transporte, ate o tratamento e a disposicao final ambientalmente correta dos residuos em questao.