José Manuel García-Campos

An evaluation methodology for reliable simulation based studies of routing protocols in VANETs

Abstract Vehicular Ad hoc NETworks (VANETs) have attracted much attention in the last decade. Many routing protocols have been proposed for VANETs and their performance is usually evaluated and compared using simulation-based studies. However, conducting reliable simulation studies is not a trivial task since many simulation parameters must be configured correctly. The selected parameters configuration can considerably affect the simulation results. This paper presents a methodology for conducting reliable simulations of routing protocols in VANETs urban scenarios. The proposed methodology includes relevant simulation aspects such as measurement period, selection of source–destination pairs for the communication traffic flows, number of simulations, mobility models based on road city maps, performance metrics and different analyses to evaluate routing protocols under different conditions. The proposed methodology is validated by comparing the simulation results obtained for Ad Hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol with and without using the proposed methodology. The obtained results confirm that by using the proposed methodology, we can achieve more reliable simulations of VANETs routing protocols.

Performance Evaluation of Reactive Routing Protocols for VANETs in Urban Scenarios Following Good Simulation Practices

Vehicular Ad hoc networks (VANETs), which allow communications between vehicles and with the road infrastructure, have attracted a lot of attention in the last decade. Many routing protocols have been proposed for VANET and their performance is normally evaluated using simulation-based studies. However, conducting reliable simulation studies is not a trivial task since many simulation parameters should be correctly configured. This paper presents a methodology for conducting reliable simulations in urban scenarios for VANETs based on a set of good simulation practices. The proposed methodology includes relevant simulation aspects such as number of simulations, warm-up periods, and the selection of source-destination pairs, among other parameters. Furthermore, the proposed methodology has been used to evaluate several well known MANET routing protocols such as AODV, Dymo, LAR, and DSR, in urban scenarios. The obtained simulations results indicate that in most cases LAR configured in Step mode achieves the best results.

A survey on unmanned aerial and aquatic vehicle multi-hop networks: Wireless communications, evaluation tools and applications

Abstract Unmanned aerial and aquatic vehicle networks have attracted the attention of the wireless communication research community in the last decade. The low manufacturing costs for developing small unmanned vehicles and the notable developments on wireless communication technologies have made possible the design of cooperative applications involving multiple unmanned aerial and aquatic vehicles. However, the design of wireless networks, which include very dynamic and complex entities like unmanned vehicles, poses many challenges. Fortunately, unmanned aerial vehicle networks applications usually resemble those of unmanned aquatic vehicle networks such as military missions, or environmental monitoring among others. With the exception of the obvious differences in the lower layers of the wireless communications protocols, valid approaches used in the aerial medium could be easily adapted to the aquatic medium. This survey presents together the main features to take into account for designing unmanned aerial and aquatic vehicle networks with the aim to help the reader to transfer valid approaches and techniques between aerial and aquatic applications. We survey the results of more than 100 references on this topic published in international conferences and journals, and we also include the results of several bibliometric analyses in order to better present the status of the art and research directions on this scientific area.

GreeAODV: An Energy Efficient Routing Protocol for Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks

VANETs allow communications among vehicles, and vehicles with the roadside infrastructure, namely Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-to-Infrastructure (V2I) respectively, in smart cities. Due to the number of vehicles, the infrastructure elements, the size of scenarios and mobility of nodes, the energy consumed to discover routes between source and destination nodes and to transmit applications packets can be high. In this paper, we propose a GreeDi based reactive routing protocol aimed at selecting the most efficient route in terms of energy consumption between two nodes in VANETs. The route selection is based on the power consumed by the intermediate nodes between the source and destination nodes. The proposed algorithm has been evaluated in city map-based VANET scenarios. The simulation results confirm that the proposed algorithm outperforms the original AODV in terms of power consumption. Furthermore, a computational Intelligence driven approach to address the challenge of energy efficient routing optimisation, is discussed.