José Romilson Paes de Miranda

Crescimento e absorção de nutrientes por mudas de freijó (Cordia goeldiana huber) em função de doses de fósforo e de zinco

The objective of this work was to study the influence of the zinc-phosphorus relationship on the growth, content and accumulation of nutrients in Brazilian walnut (Cordia goeldiana Huber). Samples of Dark-Red Latosol, 0 - 20 cm depth, from the campus of the Federal University of Lavras, with 1 mg P (Mehlich 1) and 0.9 mg Zn per dm3 soil. The experiment was arranged in a complete randomized factorial design 4 x 3, with 4 P doses (0; 150; 300 and 450 mg dm-3) and 3 Zn doses (0; 5 and 10 mg dm-3), with 4 repetitions. At 12 months after planting, plants were harvested, and dry matter of shoots, roots and leaves were ground separately for chemical analysis. Phosphorus application promoted increase in seedling growth and in the contents and accumulation of P in the different plant parts, but caused reduction in leaf zinc contents. The zinc-phosphorus interaction caused reduction in the zinc content in the roots, when in the presence of the different zinc doses. The zinc doses provided increases in both the level and content of zinc in the leaves and roots and reduced P contents in the leaves and shoots. The effect on the other macronutrients varied with the plant part.

SILÍCIO E CLORETO DE SÓDIO NA NUTRIÇÃO MINERAL E PRODUÇÃO DE MATÉRIA SECA DE PLANTAS DE MORINGA (Moringa oleifera LAM.)

A greenhouse experiment was conducted in the Soil Science Department of the Federal University of Lavras, Brazil, to evaluate the effect of silicon on mineral nutrition and dry matter production of moringa plants, cultivated under salinity stress. The experiments followed a randomized factorial block-type design, in three replications. In pots of 3 L capacity with one plant each, five levels of NaCl (0, 30, 60, 90, and 120 mol m-3) were combined with four levels of SiO2 (0.0, 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 mol m-3) in Hoagland and Arnon nutrient solution at 50 % of the normal concentration. The solutions were renewed every 10 days and the plants harvested after 45 days. Leaves, stems, and roots were separately dried for the determination of dry matter and elemental contents - N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S, Na, Cl, and Si. The relations Na/K, Na/Ca, and Na/Mg were determined. K and Ca contents increased while the Na content and the Na/K, Na/Ca, and Na/Mg relations in the leaves decreased under the influence of silicon. Silicon did not reduce the restrictive effects of NaCl on the dry matter production of the moringa plants.

Crescimento e nutrição mineral do nim ( Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) e cinamomo ( Melia azedarach Linn.) submetidos à salinidade.

The objective of this study was to verify the effects of soil salinity on growth and nutrient and sodium accumulation in neem ( Azadirachta indica ) and cinnamomum ( Melia azedarach ). The experimental delineation was completely randomized in a 2 x 4 factorial arrangement, with two species (neem and cinnamomum), four salinity levels (electrical conductivity 0.49 (non saline soil), 4.15, 6.33 and 10.45 dS m -1 ) and four replications. Initially, plants were grown in tubes, and 60 days after emergence, they were transferred to pots containing 3 kg of substrate [soil + manure (2:1)], according to the saline treatment. After 45 days, plant height, dry matter (leaves, stem, shoot (stem + leaves), roots and total) and N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S and Na + shoot accumulation were evaluated. Salinity reduced the plant height in both species, but the effect was more pronounced in neem. Increases in soil salinity caused an increase in the accumulation of Na + and reduced the accumulation of nutrients in shoots of both species, especially in neem. The cinnamomum was more tolerant to salinity levels of soils than neem.