Josely Pinto de Moura

ACIDENTES OCUPACIONAIS COM MATERIAL PERFUROCORTANTE EM UM HOSPITAL REGIONAL DE MINAS GERAIS, BRASIL

The frequency of accidents with piercing or cutting material is significant in the hospital environment due to the great extent to which these instruments are manipulated by nursing. This retrospective and descriptive study, which was held at the SCMP between 2000 and 2002, aimed to identify the occurrence of occupational accidents with piercing or cutting material. The results disclosed that, among the 219 officially notified occupational accidents, 139 (63.5%) were caused by piercing or cutting material. The most affected professional category were the nursing aids (43.9%) with less than 05 years on the job (46.8%) and female (74.1%). The sectors were accidents most frequently occurred were the Medical and Surgical clinics and the most frequent situation was discarding in an inappropriate place (21.6%) while the most frequent causing object was the needle (46.8%). It was concluded that knowledge about the situation in which the accident occurs is fundamental in order to guide strategic prevention actions in the institutions.

Nursing staff knowledge of multi-resistant bacterial infections

Objective. To assess professional nurses’, associate degree prepared nurses’, licensed practical nurses’, and nursing assistants’ knowledge of the causes of multi-resistant bacterial infections, the risks theses infections pose to health care providers, the chain of transmission of these infections, and patients’ susceptibility to colonization of these multi-resistant bacterial infections. Methods. This descriptive study was conducted in a major general hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The sample consisted of 42 nursing staff from a medical clinical unit. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and present the data. Results. Nursing staff had unsatisfactory knowledge of the causes of multiresistant bacterial infections, the chain of transmission of multi-resistant bacterial infections, and patients’ susceptibility to colonization of multi-resistant bacterial infections. However, the majority of participants had some knowledge about the risks that multi-resistant bacterial infections posed to health care providers. Conclusion. Lack of knowledge among nursing staff compromise adherence to preventive

Colonization of nursing professionals by Staphylococcus aureus

Se trata de un estudio transversal que tuvo como objetivo investigar la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus en la saliva del equipo de enfermeria de un hospital escuela del interior del estado de Sao Paulo. Fueron recolectadas tres muestras de saliva de 351 individuos con intervalo de dos meses. Todos los aspectos eticos fueron contemplados. En 867 (82,3%) culturas no hubo identificacion de Staphylococcus aureus en la saliva, en 88 (17,7%) culturas fue aislado Staphylococcus aureus, siendo 26 (2,5%) resistentes a la meticilina. La prevalencia de profesionales colonizados por Staphylococcus aureus fue de 41,0% (144/351), de los cuales 7,1% (25/351) fueron caracterizados como Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a la meticilina. Los portadores transitorios representaron 81,2% y los persistentes 18,8%. La resistencia a la mupirocina fue de 73,1% entre los resistentes a la meticilina y 9,3% en los sensibles a la meticilina. Los resultados evidenciaron que son las enfermeras y los tecnicos de enfermeria las categorias profesionales mas susceptibles al MRSA. Es necesario realizar una discusion mas amplia sobre la tematica e las intervenciones.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva of the nursing team of a teaching hospital in the interior of São Paulo State. Three saliva samples were collected from 351 individuals with an interval of two months between each collection. All ethical aspects were considered. In 867 (82.3%) cultures there was no identification of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva, in 88 (17.7%) cultures Staphylococcus aureus was isolated, 26 (2.5%) of which were resistant to methicillin. The prevalence of professionals colonized by Staphylococcus aureus was 41.0% (144/351), of which 7.1% (25/351) were characterized as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Transient carriers represented 81.2% and persistent carriers 18.8%. Resistance to mupirocin was 73.1% of MRSA and 9.3% of MSSA. The results demonstrate that it is the nurse and nursing technician that are the professional categories most susceptible to MRSA. Broader discussion on the thematic and interventions are needed.

Conhecimento dos profissionais de enfermagem referente à resistencia bacteriana a múltiplas drogas

Objective. To assess professional nurses’, associate degree prepared nurses’, licensed practical nurses’, and nursing assistants’ knowledge of the causes of multi-resistant bacterial infections, the risks theses infections pose to health care providers, the chain of transmission of these infections, and patients’ susceptibility to colonization of these multi-resistant bacterial infections. Methods. This descriptive study was conducted in a major general hospital in Minas Gerais, Brazil. The sample consisted of 42 nursing staff from a medical clinical unit. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze and present the data. Results. Nursing staff had unsatisfactory knowledge of the causes of multiresistant bacterial infections, the chain of transmission of multi-resistant bacterial infections, and patients’ susceptibility to colonization of multi-resistant bacterial infections. However, the majority of participants had some knowledge about the risks that multi-resistant bacterial infections posed to health care providers. Conclusion. Lack of knowledge among nursing staff compromise adherence to preventive

Detecção do gene mecA em estafilococos coagulase negativa resistentes à oxacilina isolados da saliva de profissionais da enfermagem

Coagulase-negative staphylococci are frequently associated with nosocomial infections, and healthcare professionals can be reservoirs and spread them in hospitals and in the community. The aim of this study was to identify species of coagulase-negative staphylococci isolated from the saliva of nursing professionals, determine the resistance profile and detect the mecA gene. One hundred coagulase-negative staphylococci were selected: 41 were identified as Staphylococcus epidermidis, 25 as Staphylococcus saprophyticus, 18 as Staphylococcus haemolyticus, eight as Staphylococcus cohnii, four as Staphylococcus lugdunenses, three as Staphylococcus capitis and one as Staphylococcus simulans. Of these, 32% presented oxacillin resistance, 84.4% mupirocin resistance and 32% cefoxitin resistance, and all were vancomycin sensitive. Among the oxacillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci, 93.7% developed in oxacillin agar (6microg/ml) and the mecA gene was detected in 75%. The results indicate that higher investments should be directed towards identifying coagulase-negative staphylococcus species in healthcare institutions and in the community.Estafilococos coagulase negativa estao frequentemente associados as infeccoes nosocomiais e os profissionais da saude podem ser reservatorio e dissemina-los no hospital e comunidade. O objetivo desse estudo foi identificar especies de estafilococos coagulase negativa isolados da saliva de profissionais da enfermagem, determinar o perfil de resistencia e detectar o gene mecA. Foram selecionados 100 estafilococos coagulase negativa, sendo 41 identificados como Staphylococcus epidermidis, 25 Staphylococcus saprophyticus, 18 Staphylococcus haemolyticus, 8 Staphylococcus cohnii, 4 Staphylococcus lugdunenses, 3 Staphylococcus capitis, e 1 Staphylococcus Simulans. Desses, 32% apresentaram resistencia a oxacilina, 84,4% a mupirocina, 32% a cefoxitina, e todos sensiveis a vancomicina. Dos estafilococos coagulase negativa resistentes a oxacilina, 93,7% desenvolveram-se no agar oxacilina (6µg/ml) e o gene mecA foi detectado em 75%. Os resultados sinalizam que maiores investimentos devem ser direcionados a identificacao das especies de estafilococos coagulase negativa nas instituicoes de saude e na comunidade.

A colonização dos profissionais de enfermagem por Staphylococcus aureus

Se trata de un estudio transversal que tuvo como objetivo investigar la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus en la saliva del equipo de enfermeria de un hospital escuela del interior del estado de Sao Paulo. Fueron recolectadas tres muestras de saliva de 351 individuos con intervalo de dos meses. Todos los aspectos eticos fueron contemplados. En 867 (82,3%) culturas no hubo identificacion de Staphylococcus aureus en la saliva, en 88 (17,7%) culturas fue aislado Staphylococcus aureus, siendo 26 (2,5%) resistentes a la meticilina. La prevalencia de profesionales colonizados por Staphylococcus aureus fue de 41,0% (144/351), de los cuales 7,1% (25/351) fueron caracterizados como Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a la meticilina. Los portadores transitorios representaron 81,2% y los persistentes 18,8%. La resistencia a la mupirocina fue de 73,1% entre los resistentes a la meticilina y 9,3% en los sensibles a la meticilina. Los resultados evidenciaron que son las enfermeras y los tecnicos de enfermeria las categorias profesionales mas susceptibles al MRSA. Es necesario realizar una discusion mas amplia sobre la tematica e las intervenciones.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva of the nursing team of a teaching hospital in the interior of São Paulo State. Three saliva samples were collected from 351 individuals with an interval of two months between each collection. All ethical aspects were considered. In 867 (82.3%) cultures there was no identification of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva, in 88 (17.7%) cultures Staphylococcus aureus was isolated, 26 (2.5%) of which were resistant to methicillin. The prevalence of professionals colonized by Staphylococcus aureus was 41.0% (144/351), of which 7.1% (25/351) were characterized as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Transient carriers represented 81.2% and persistent carriers 18.8%. Resistance to mupirocin was 73.1% of MRSA and 9.3% of MSSA. The results demonstrate that it is the nurse and nursing technician that are the professional categories most susceptible to MRSA. Broader discussion on the thematic and interventions are needed.

Resistência à mupirocina entre isolados de Staphylococcus aureus de profissionais de enfermagem

OBJECTIVES: To assess colonization by Staphylococcus aureus sensitive and resistant to methicillin found in the saliva of nurses and, to recognize the mupirocin profile of resistance. METHODS: It was collected three saliva samples of 356 (94.2%) professional research participants, totaling 1068 samples processed. All ethical aspects were covered. Microbiological analysis included the phenotypic identification, according to the standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS: In the first collection were obtained 73 individuals colonized by Staphylococcus aureus, 48 in the second and 37 in the third, totaling 158 samples of Staphylococcus aureus. Of these, 24 (15.2%) were resistant to oxacillin and 30 resistant to mupirocin (18.9%). Mupirocin resistance was observed sharply in the Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin (MRSA); of 24 MRSA, 17 (70.8%) were resistant to this antibiotic. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that mupirocin resistance is a major problem since this antibiotic is an excellent ally in the measures taken to control infection in health services.

Mupirocin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in samples belonging to professional nurses

OBJECTIVES: To assess colonization by Staphylococcus aureus sensitive and resistant to methicillin found in the saliva of nurses and, to recognize the mupirocin profile of resistance. METHODS: It was collected three saliva samples of 356 (94.2%) professional research participants, totaling 1068 samples processed. All ethical aspects were covered. Microbiological analysis included the phenotypic identification, according to the standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS: In the first collection were obtained 73 individuals colonized by Staphylococcus aureus, 48 in the second and 37 in the third, totaling 158 samples of Staphylococcus aureus. Of these, 24 (15.2%) were resistant to oxacillin and 30 resistant to mupirocin (18.9%). Mupirocin resistance was observed sharply in the Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin (MRSA); of 24 MRSA, 17 (70.8%) were resistant to this antibiotic. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that mupirocin resistance is a major problem since this antibiotic is an excellent ally in the measures taken to control infection in health services.

La colonización de los profesionales de enfermería por Staphylococcus aureus

Se trata de un estudio transversal que tuvo como objetivo investigar la presencia de Staphylococcus aureus en la saliva del equipo de enfermeria de un hospital escuela del interior del estado de Sao Paulo. Fueron recolectadas tres muestras de saliva de 351 individuos con intervalo de dos meses. Todos los aspectos eticos fueron contemplados. En 867 (82,3%) culturas no hubo identificacion de Staphylococcus aureus en la saliva, en 88 (17,7%) culturas fue aislado Staphylococcus aureus, siendo 26 (2,5%) resistentes a la meticilina. La prevalencia de profesionales colonizados por Staphylococcus aureus fue de 41,0% (144/351), de los cuales 7,1% (25/351) fueron caracterizados como Staphylococcus aureus resistentes a la meticilina. Los portadores transitorios representaron 81,2% y los persistentes 18,8%. La resistencia a la mupirocina fue de 73,1% entre los resistentes a la meticilina y 9,3% en los sensibles a la meticilina. Los resultados evidenciaron que son las enfermeras y los tecnicos de enfermeria las categorias profesionales mas susceptibles al MRSA. Es necesario realizar una discusion mas amplia sobre la tematica e las intervenciones.This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva of the nursing team of a teaching hospital in the interior of São Paulo State. Three saliva samples were collected from 351 individuals with an interval of two months between each collection. All ethical aspects were considered. In 867 (82.3%) cultures there was no identification of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva, in 88 (17.7%) cultures Staphylococcus aureus was isolated, 26 (2.5%) of which were resistant to methicillin. The prevalence of professionals colonized by Staphylococcus aureus was 41.0% (144/351), of which 7.1% (25/351) were characterized as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Transient carriers represented 81.2% and persistent carriers 18.8%. Resistance to mupirocin was 73.1% of MRSA and 9.3% of MSSA. The results demonstrate that it is the nurse and nursing technician that are the professional categories most susceptible to MRSA. Broader discussion on the thematic and interventions are needed.

Resistencia al mupirocin en cepas aisladas de Staphylococcus aureus de profesionales de enfermería

OBJECTIVES: To assess colonization by Staphylococcus aureus sensitive and resistant to methicillin found in the saliva of nurses and, to recognize the mupirocin profile of resistance. METHODS: It was collected three saliva samples of 356 (94.2%) professional research participants, totaling 1068 samples processed. All ethical aspects were covered. Microbiological analysis included the phenotypic identification, according to the standards of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute. RESULTS: In the first collection were obtained 73 individuals colonized by Staphylococcus aureus, 48 in the second and 37 in the third, totaling 158 samples of Staphylococcus aureus. Of these, 24 (15.2%) were resistant to oxacillin and 30 resistant to mupirocin (18.9%). Mupirocin resistance was observed sharply in the Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin (MRSA); of 24 MRSA, 17 (70.8%) were resistant to this antibiotic. CONCLUSION: The results indicated that mupirocin resistance is a major problem since this antibiotic is an excellent ally in the measures taken to control infection in health services.