Josep Maria Ramón Torrell

Motivos para dejar de fumar en España en función del sexo y la edad

OBJECTIVE To analyze gender- and age-related motivations among smokers wishing to quit. METHODS We performed a multicenter cross-sectional study in 1,634 smokers attended by general practitioners and specialized physicians in Spain who, after being explicitly asked about their intention to quit smoking, expressed a desire to do so. Sociodemographic data, history of smoking and motivations for cessation were collected. A descriptive statistical analysis was performed. RESULTS The mean age was 45.6 years (SD+/-12.0 years). Fifty-six percent were men. A total of 35.2% had studied beyond high school. The main motivation expressed by 63.9% of men and 81.1% of smokers older than 60 years old was medical advice; 60.7% of women were motivated by disease prevention; 31.5% of smokers aged between 31 and 45 years old wanted to be a good role model for their children and 11.4% of those aged between 18 and 30 were motivated by esthetic reasons. CONCLUSIONS Men tend to be motivated by medical advice, while women are motivated by a desire to be a role model for their children, to prevent diseases or improve their appearance. The greater the age, the greater the percentage of patients motivated by medical advice. Middle-aged adults want to be good role models for their children while young patients are motivated by esthetic concerns.

Breve intervención de cesación tabáquica en enfermos cardiovasculares hospitalizados

El objetivo del estudio es estimar la tasa de abstinencia tabaquica posterior al alta hospitalaria en enfermos cardiovasculares que recibieron una intervencion minima de cesacion tabaquica durante el ingreso. Se realizo un estudio prospectivo de una cohorte de 252 fumadores ingresados en el Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. A las 24 h del alta hospitalaria se mantenia en abstinencia tabaquica el 76,6% de los pacientes. Tras 1, 3, 9 y 12 meses, las tasas de abstinencia habian disminuido al 71,4, el 67,2, el 64,1 y el 62,2%, respectivamente. Los pacientes diagnosticados de cardiopatia isquemica tenian menor probabilidad de recaida tabaquica: hazard ratio = 0,56 (intervalo de confianza del 95%, 0,36-0,87). En nuestro centro, una intervencion minima de cesacion tabaquica durante la hospitalizacion en los enfermos cardiovasculares probablemente no sea suficiente para mantener la abstinencia tabaquica al alta.

Brief smoking cessation intervention in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular disease.

The objective of this study was to determine the smoking abstinence rate after hospital discharge in cardiovascular patients who had undergone a brief smoking cessation intervention during hospitalization. The prospective cohort study involved 252 smokers who were admitted to the Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge in Catalonia, Spain. Twenty-four hours after hospital discharge, 76.6% of patients were still abstaining from smoking. At 1, 3, 9, and 12 months, the abstinence rate diminished to 71.4%, 67.2%, 64.1%, and 62.2%, respectively. Patients diagnosed with ischemic cardiopathy had a significantly lower probability of a smoking relapse: hazard ratio =0.56 (95% confidence interval, 0.36-0.87). At our center, a brief smoking cessation intervention in cardiovascular patients during hospital admission was found unlikely to result in smoking abstinence following discharge.

Efectos de la vacunación antigripal sobre el porcentaje de linfocitos T CD4 positivos en pacientes VIH 1/2 positivos: estudio de una cohorte

To determine the incidence of immunologic change in the percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV 1/2 positive patients in the first quarter after influenza vaccination (P-CIR) and to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with this change.We studied 105 patients with HIV/AIDS in a retrospective hospital cohort between 2001-2006. P-CIR was considered as a decrease of >3% in the prevaccination CD4+ percentage. Crude and adjusted OR (sex, age, antiretroviral therapy, clinical stability, prevaccination viremia and prevaccination total CD4) were evaluated by logistic regression (95%CI).The incidence of P-CIR was 33.3%. P-CIR was persistent in 31.4% for 7 months after vaccination regardless of high prevaccination viremia. No association was found between demographic and clinical variables and P-CIR [crude OR: 0.90 (0.17-4.8); adjusted OR: 1.09 (0.17-6.8)].The results showed that the immunological change after vaccination was not inconsiderable. However, this change was mainly transient.OBJECTIVE To determine the incidence of immunologic change in the percentage of CD4+ T lymphocytes in HIV 1/2 positive patients in the first quarter after influenza vaccination (P-CIR) and to compare the demographic and clinical characteristics associated with this change. METHODS We studied 105 patients with HIV/AIDS in a retrospective hospital cohort between 2001-2006. P-CIR was considered as a decrease of >3% in the prevaccination CD4+ percentage. Crude and adjusted OR (sex, age, antiretroviral therapy, clinical stability, prevaccination viremia and prevaccination total CD4) were evaluated by logistic regression (95%CI). RESULTS The incidence of P-CIR was 33.3%. P-CIR was persistent in 31.4% for 7 months after vaccination regardless of high prevaccination viremia. No association was found between demographic and clinical variables and P-CIR [crude OR: 0.90 (0.17-4.8); adjusted OR: 1.09 (0.17-6.8)]. CONCLUSIONS The results showed that the immunological change after vaccination was not inconsiderable. However, this change was mainly transient.