Joseph F. Ross

THE USE OF RADIOACTIVE CHROMIUM 51 AS AN ERYTHROCYTE TAGGING AGENT FOR THE DETERMINATION OF RED CELL SURVIVAL IN VIVO

One of the most useful methods available for the quantitative measurement of hemolytic rates in clinical subjects and for the evaluation of red cell viability after storage is based on the survival of transfused erythrocytes. Access to such data, however, has been restricted because of limitations in the methods hithertofore available for measuring red cell survival in vivo. The differential agglutination method of counting donor cells, the procedure most commonly employed, has limitations in that large transfusions are required;* the donor blood must be devoid of all antigenic isoagglutinins which are not likewise possessed by the recipient; the recipients cells must contain agglutinogen A or B or Mor a combination of the three agglutinogens which is not contained in the donor blood; and, finally, this method excludes the use of autotransfusion, which would eliminate the risk of transmission of hemologous serum jaundice. The labelling of donor cells with radioactive iron (Fe55) permits the conduct of survival studies on a short term basis (1-3) but re-utilization of radioactive iron released from hemolyzed donor cells and the subsequent incorporation of this label in the recipients red cells preclude its use in studies extending for periods longer than 24 to 48 hours.

The Absorption of Radioiron Labeled Foods and Iron Salts in Normal and Iron-Deficient Subjects and in Idiopathic Hemochromatosis

It is generally accepted that, in the absence of bleeding or pregnancy, approximately 1 mg. of iron is lost per day from the body (1-11). As a corollary, the quantity of iron in the body is largely determined by the amount of iron absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. Fundamental knowledge of iron absorption has been obtained by balance studies (2, 4, 12-18), by determination of the increase in the serum iron level (19) or circulating hemoglobin (20-21) after oral iron administration, and by evaluation of the percentage of orally administered radioiron incorporated into hemoglobin (22-26) or accounted for in both hemoglobin and feces (7, 27). The present investigation was undertaken to compare the absorption of egg and vegetable iron with that of iron salts fed to normal subjects, to patients with iron-deficiency, and to patients with idiopathic hemochromatosis. The method of study used was similar to that introduced by Dubach, Callender, and Moore (27). These investigators showed that the quantity of iron used in hemoglobin formation may not always be a true index of iron absorption (27, 28). Since a negligible quantity of iron is excreted into the intestinal tract (1-3, 7-8, 11) and since stool iron is almost entirely unabsorbed dietary iron (2), additional information concerning iron absorption may be obtained by determining both the percentage of orally administered radioiron incorporated into hemo-

The effects of L-thyroxine sodium on nontoxic goiter, on myxedema and on the thyroid uptake of radioactive iodine.

SYNTHETIC thyroxine is apparently absorbed and physiologically active when ingested, although it has generally been used intravenously.1 2 3 4 5 6 Clinical studies employing oral administration of ...

Polycythemia: Erythrocytosis and Erythremia

Abstract A classification of polycythemia and three cases of demonstrating increased red cell mass are presented. Polycythemia may be relative or absolute, secondary to underlying disease, or an id...

The Management of the Presuicidal, Suicidal, and Postsuicidal Patient

Abstract Between 200,000 and 350,000 Americans attempt suicide each year; about 40,000 succeed. The rate of suicide is rising, particularly in young people in urban areas. Physicians are increasing...

The use of radioactive phosphorus in the therapy of leukemia, polycythemia vera and lymphomas: a report of 10 years' experience.

Excerpt Radioactive phosphorus is now generally accepted as an effective therapeutic agent for chronic leukemia and polycythemia vera. There is some disagreement, however, as to how it should be us...

Tissue Distribution of Parenteral Co60 Vitamin B12 in Mouse, Hamster, Rat and Guinea Pig.

Summary The excretion and tissue distribution of parenterally administered Co60 B12 has been studied in the rat, hamster, mouse and guinea pig. The liver contained more radioactivity than any other organ in the hamster, mouse and guinea pig, whereas the kidneys contained more radioactivity than any other organ in the rat. In the rat and mouse, more radioactivity was excreted in the stools than in the urine whereas in the guinea pig and hamster, the urine was the chief excretory pathway.