Joseph Havlicek

Household Demand for Convenience and Nonconvenience Foods

A variation of the Almost Ideal Demand System was employed to determine the impacts of total food expenditure, income, food prices, household size, and demographic variables on household demand for convenience and nonconveninece foods in the United States. The budget shares are generally more responsive to prices than to real total expenditure. Additionally, the quantities demanded of convenience and nonconvenience foods are generally more sensitive to changes in income and own-prices than to changes in cross-prices. With regard to demographic variates, primary users of convenience foods are white households with employed household managers less than 35 years of age.

Economic analysis of the composition of household solid wastes

Abstract An analysis of economic and social factors affecting the quantity and composition of household solid wastes is reported in this paper. The weekly per capita and per household quantities of eleven selected household solid waste components are analyzed using regression equations. Household income, household size, and the age structure of the population are the major variables affecting the quantities of these components. The results indicate that if all glass, metals, plastics, newspaper, other paper, and textiles were recovered, then about 53% by weight of the summer household solid waste load would be usable resources.

Optimal Expenditures for Agricultural Research and Extension: Implications of Underfunding

Significant increases in agricultural productivity will be needed for the United States to meet its future food policy goals related to an abundant and stable food supply. The nations ability to meet this challenge will depend on the level of investment in agricultural research and extension. Each dollar of underfunding relative to the economically efficient level of research and extension expenditures (a) will cost the government

Adult Equivalent Scales Once More—A Developmental Approach

2.56 (

Measuring the Impacts of Solid Waste Disposal Site Location on Property Values

1.50 discounted) if it later makes up for the low investment level or (b) will cost consumers

Megatrends Affecting Agriculture: Implications for Agricultural Economics

4.39 (

An Analysis of Seasonal Household Waste Generation

3.07 discounted) if the government does not make up for the low level of investment.

The Demand for Gasoline and Diesel Fuel in Agricultural Use in Virginia

Descriptions of adult equivalent scale models typically do not explain why or provide the explicit rationale underlying their selected age classes and life cycle components. A model is presented where the life cycle is comprised of a sequence of developmental and transitional phases. A comparison of adult scale parameter estimates for total food expenditure from this model is made with estimates from the Blokland and Buse-Salathe models. The findings suggest that the Blokland model is too restrictive to portray consumer behavior over the life cycle. Empirical results based on the proposed model are similar to those based on the Buse-Salathe model.

“Solid Wastes”—A Resource?

T HE large and growing quantity of solid wastes poses an increasingly complex disposal problem for rural and urban areas. One important effect of the location of disposal sites is the external effect on adjacent property values. This paper attempts to estimate external effects on property prices resulting from the location of landfill types of solid waste disposal sites. This has important implications for public policy on site location and possible compensation to internalize the resultant external effects. A single equation linear regression model for price estimation is hypothesized. The data sample is 182 observations of single-unit house sales over the period 1962-1970 in the neighborhoods around five solid waste disposal sites in Fort Wayne, Indiana. Date and price of sale, as well as location of the property and detailed information about dwelling characteristics, were obtained. Three general categories of predetermined variables are used: (1) Physical attributes of residential property-size of house and lot, number of bathrooms and bedrooms, age of house, amount of encumbrance and ownership-tenant occupancy (the key features of the quantity and quality of living service provided by a piece of residential property); (2) year of sale-the best available measure of the general level of cost of housing; (3) factors representing amenities and disamenities associated with solid waste disposal sites and neighborhood characteristics. Based on a diffusion phenomenon, the impacts of solid waste disposal sites on residential property prices were measured by distance from the nearest disposal site and the absolute degrees that the resiential property is away from downwind (prevailing) of the disposal site. Zero-one variables were used to represent differences among disposal sites. The predetermined variables in the linear model explained approximately 78 percent of the variation in residential property prices. Coefficients of the physical attribute variables were all s g ificantly different from zero at the .05 level and all had the hypothesized sign except the number of bedrooms. The distance and angle v riables are key policy variables in the model. Both coefficients were positive as hypothesized, suggesting that a premium is placed on being a g eater distance away and being away from downwind of disposal sites. The estimated coefficients indicate that on the average the price of residential property increases 61 cents per foot of distance and

Impacts of Public Research Expenditures on Agricultural Value-Added in the U.S. and the Northeast

10.30 per degree away from downwind of a disposal site. This first attempt to measure external effects f solid waste disposal sites on adjacent property values has important implications for community development and policy. The empirical results suggest magnitudes of costs imposed and indicate the nature of their distribution around solid waste disposal sites. In decisions concerning disposal site location, external social cost and benefit are an integral and possibly major factor. Further research is therefore warranted in refining the model and its variables to more accuately measure these effects.