Juliana Johari

Smart helmet with sensors for accident prevention

The impact when a motorcyclist involves in a high speed accident without wearing a helmet is very dangerous and can cause fatality. Wearing a helmet can reduce shock from the impact and may save a life. There are many countries enforcing a regulation that requires the motorcycles rider to wear a helmet when riding on their motorcycle, Malaysia is an example. With this reason, this project is specially developed as to improve the safety of the motorcycles rider. Motorcyclist will be alarmed when the speed limit is exceeded. A Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) and BLDC Fan are used for detection of the riders head and detection of motorcycles speed respectively. A 315 MHz Radio Frequency Module as wireless link which able to communicate between transmitter circuit and receiver circuit. PIC16F84a is a microcontroller to control the entire component in the system. Only when the rider buckled the helmet then only the motorcycles engine will start. A LED will flash if the motor speed exceeds 100 km/hour.

Review of mycobacterium tuberculosis detection

This paper discusses various methods used to diagnose Tuberculosis diseases which is a leading cause of death throughout the world. It introduces mycobacterium tuberculosis and reviews various types of tuberculosis disease. Besides that, the limitations of the current methods used to detect mycobacterium tuberculosis are also revealed. A non-invasive technique to detect the mycobacterium tuberculosis based on its electrical properties is proposed to simplify and speed up the detection and analysis processes.

Mobile robot obstacle avoidance in various type of static environments using fuzzy logic approach

Autonomous mobile robot is a mobile robot that can move without human supervision. The use of autonomous mobile robots has increased in various fields such as in the industrial, agricultural, and military sectors. This paper presents the development of a mobile robot that uses Fuzzy Logic approach to control a robots movement in an area cluttered with static obstacles. In the experiment presented herewith, the controller was programmed with 256 Fuzzy Logic rules and the input to the system is from an E-puck robot that is equipped with infrared sensors. Webot Pro and Matlab are the software used in the development and simulation of the robot. The mobile robot was designed to move and avoid static obstacles. The performance of the mobile robot was evaluated from the way it avoids the obstacles, and the time taken when it move from a starting point to an end point. The results showed that the robot could avoid the obstacle successfully in various types of static environments. This research also indicated that WEBOT and Mathlab are suitable tools that could be use to develop and simulate mobile robot navigation system.

Investigation of Simple Process Technology for the Fabrication of Valveless Micropumps

This paper presents a simple process technique for the fabrication of valveless micro-pumps. The process design utilizes standard MEMS process using double-sided anisotropic silicon wet etching process with an additional adhesive bonding technique. The diffuser and nozzle element of the pump with depth of 50 µm, as well as a 150 µm thick silicon membrane are designed and fabricated using only 3 patterning process steps. A piezoelectric plate working at the frequency range from 0.1 kHz to 2 kHz is bonded on to the back side of the silicon membrane to create the membrane actuation. The patterning process of thick photoresist used as the adhesive layer for the substrate bonding is also discussed in detail. The fluid flow is observed and the process reproducibility is proven which show a good prospect for the future development of miniaturized valveless pump for biomedical application.

Electrical properties of mycobacterium tuberculosis

This paper discusses the electrical properties of the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis that revealed from the relationship between the electrical and physical measurements of the bacteria. It was found that the conductivity is proportional to the current and inversely proportional to the voltage. The results obtained from this study showed that it is possible to simulate the behavior of the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis using electrical circuit.

Manifold design for uniform fluid distribution in parallel microchannels

In this paper, we use an electrical circuit analogy to design a microfluidic manifold achieving a uniform distribution of flow across multiple channels with minimal pressure gradient throughout the flow. We investigate the impact of manifold design to the mass flow distribution derived from the electrical circuit analogy and then analyzed the flow distribution in microchannels using computational fluid dynamics including thermal modelling. We compared the flow uniformity in the parallel channels with other manifold designs and found that step manifold design has improved the flow and temperature uniformity of the parallel channels.

Electronic-Based Model of the Sensitive Type of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis

Early diagnosis of Tuberculosis disease is important to prevent complicated issues from arising. The conventional techniques used to diagnose the Mycobacterium Tuberculosis have limitations such as time-consuming, invasive, tiring, labour intensive and microbiologist expert dependence. There is no electrical instrument to detect Tuberculosis automatically and no electronic circuit model for evaluating the device. This paper describes the development of an electronic circuit model of the sensitive type of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis. The model was developed by first converting the real data to gain, deriving the model equations using Regression model analysis and performing one-way ANOVA to confirm the results. Three types of model were investigated; the first order, second order and third order LC passive low pass filter circuits. It was found that the second order of LC circuit is the best model of the sensitive type of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis as it provides less than 10% discrepancy. The simulation results show that the logarithmic regression model is the best equation that demonstrates the sensitive type of Mycobacterium Tuberculosis.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis modelling using regression analysis

The conventional diagnosis method used to detect the Mycobacterium tuberculosis is invasive which requires the blood is taken from the patients or tissue is removed from the patients organ. The non-invasive detection tool is not available and there is no electronic-based model to examine the detection mechanism and predict its performance. This paper describes the modelling of the sensitive type of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis using regression analysis. The collection rate of Mycobacterium tuberculosis obtained from the previous studies served as the basis for the model creation and optimal model selection. Two types of the LC circuits, the first order, and the second order were investigated in this work. Regression analysis and one-way analysis of variance were carried out to confirm the optimum model. The second order LC circuit provides the least error and variation and could mimic the sensitive type of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Computer modelling of sensitive type of mycobacterium tuberculosis

This paper describes the development of electronic circuits that model the sensitive type of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. The circuits were designed based on the collection rate obtained from previous researchers. The circuits produce frequency response that is similar to the desired frequency response at some frequencies. The values of the components in the circuits were optimised until they produce output that is closed to the graph of collection rate that describes Mycobacterium tuberculosis sensitive type. The equation that describes the sensitive type of Mycobacterium tuberculosis was derived using the collection rate data. The simulation result shows that the RC circuit model closely mimics the behaviour of the sensitive type of Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Water storage monitoring system with pH sensor for pharmaceutical plants

Water is an excellent solvent and usually contains a wide variety of dissolved minerals and other chemical. Water molecules form hydrogen bonds with each other and are strongly polar that able to dissolve or suspend many different compounds. Due to this, water is used extensively in the preparation, processing and production of pharmaceutical products with stringent standards. This study focuses on the water storage monitoring system for pharmaceutical plants with pH sensor. The first step is to automate the water storage for the plant that control the level in the storage tank. The next step is to monitor the pH of water for it is very crucial as any different changes in pH may interfere with the performance of the pharmaceutical plant products. The acceptable pH range for water in the storage tank is in between 6.5 to 8.0. The data reading of the pH will be continuously monitored and if the pH is in the acceptable range the water will continue to fill the tank until the maximum water level is achieved but if the pH is outside of the acceptable range; the system will be instantly halted. Finally, is to study the relationship between water capacity and the pH of water. The monitoring system uses Arduino Mega (2560) as a microcontroller to control the flow of the program. The pH sensor used is SEN0161 and it is monitored by Arduino Serial Meter. Two different motor pumps are used and compared for performance and efficiency and the best motor will be duly recommended. Potentiometer is used to set the limit of water level in the tank.